Comparative Economics of Rose Cultivation under FPO and Non-FPO Systems in Rajasthan

Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) play an important role in improving farmers’ access to inputs, credit, technology, and markets through collective action. However, limited evidence exists on their impact in perennial floriculture crops. The present study assessed the economics of rose cultivation under FPO and non-FPO systems in Rajasthan. Primary data were collected during 2023–24 from 80 rose growers (40 FPO and 40 non-FPO farmers) in Pushkar region of Ajmer district. The study compared establishment cost, maintenance cost, returns, discounted feasibility indicators, and production constraints. The total establishment cost was lower for FPO farmers (₹1,75,499/ha) than non-FPO farmers (₹1,79,560/ha). Maintenance cost during Years 2–10 was ₹8,69,178/ha for FPO farmers and ₹8,85,081/ha for non-FPO farmers. FPO farmers consistently realized higher returns, with cumulative gross returns of ₹61.77 lakh/ha compared to ₹50.28 lakh/ha for non-FPO farmers. Discounted analysis showed higher profitability among FPO farmers, with Net Present Value of ₹28.52 lakh/ha, Benefit–Cost ratio of 5.37, and Payback Period of 1.35 years, against ₹21.87 lakh/ha, 4.28, and 1.46 years, respectively, for non-FPO farmers. Major constraints included high planting material cost, shortage of skilled labour, lack of quality seedlings, and inadequate processing facilities. The study concludes that FPO participation enhances profitability and investment efficiency in rose cultivation.

Anil Singh Rawat*1, Sheela Kharkwal2, Gopesh Kumari3 and Priyesh Ranjan4 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 13-May-2026