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P- ISSN: 0976-1675
E- ISSN: 2249-4538

© CARAS (Centre for Advanced Research in Agricultural Sciences)
NAAS Score: 4.56

Volume - 16 - May-June 2025

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 16 - Issue : 2 ; 267–276
Ajaz A. Shah*1
1 Department of Agriculture Production and Farmers Welfare Kashmir Division, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, India
Abstract
Black Cumin (Kaala Zeera), scientifically known as Bunium persicum, is a high-value medicinal and culinary spice with deep cultural roots and growing global significance. This investigation explores the unique agronomic, economic, and therapeutic dimensions of Kaala Zeera, with a particular focus on its cultivation in the Gurez Valley of Jammu and Kashmir. The valley’s high-altitude climate and traditional farming practices yield a distinctive variety of this spice, prized for its rich aroma and organic purity. Beyond its culinary appeal, Kaala Zeera possesses powerful medicinal properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects, making it a staple in traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda. Government initiatives under the Holistic Agriculture Development Programme (HADP), along with pioneering research by SKUAST-Kashmir, are revitalizing its cultivation and expanding its reach to new regions like Pulwama. These efforts not only aim to boost farmer incomes and conserve genetic diversity but also position Kaala Zeera as a sustainable and profitable crop for high-altitude agriculture. As global interest in natural remedies and organic produce increases, Kaala Zeera emerges as a symbol of heritage, health, and hope for the farming communities of Jammu and Kashmir.

Ajaz A. Shah*1 Click here to download file

Research Review | Published online : 02-May-2025

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 16 - Issue : 2 ; 277–281
Sungjeminla Longkumer*1 and B Kilangla Jamir2
1-2 Department of Economics, Nagaland University, Lumami, Zunheboto - 798 627, Nagaland, India
Abstract
The study aims to identify, evaluate, and recommend solutions for different constraints farmers face while investing in farms. The primary data was collected from 200 farm households using a three-stage random sampling approach pertaining to the year 2020-21. The constraints were divided into five main groups: assets and resources, awareness and flexibility, socioeconomic, institutional and infrastructural, and miscellaneous constraints. ‘Hilly terrain with steep slopes’ with GMS (Garret Mean Score) of 58.07, was identified the highest under resource and asset constraints. The farmers' limited awareness and adaptability issues was most severe concerning ‘lack of risk-bearing capacity’ with GMS of 60.39. Moreover, with GMS of 61.59, data on socioeconomic constraints points to ‘low crop yield’ as one of the major obstacles in agricultural investment. Further, ‘poor road connection’ was identified as barrier with GMS of 58.53 under institutional and infrastructural constraints. Under miscellaneous constraints, highest problem was reported on ‘destruction of field by wild and stray animals’ with GMS of 54.67. Constraints highlighted in the study was interconnected and require a comprehensive approach to enhance farmers' investment capabilities. Essential developed policies specifically for hill agriculture were required for considering ways to mitigate the difficulties in farm investment.

Sungjeminla Longkumer*1 and B Kilangla Jamir2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 05-May-2025

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 16 - Issue : 2 ; 282–285
Durg Vijay Ram1 and Pradeep Kumar*2
1 Department of Zoology, S. G. N. Government (P/G) College, Muhammadabad Gohana, Mau - 276 403, Uttar Pradesh, India 2 Department of Zoology, Government Degree College, Sukrauli, Kushinagar - 274 207, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
The two well-known species that cause fascioliasis, or liver rot disease, are Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica. Although it has spread to every continent, South America, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Oceania have been particularly affected. Worldwide, fasciolosis infection is a serious health issue for animals. In addition to causing unfavorable conditions that impact animal health, the infection may lower the amount and quality of animal products, such as meat, milk, and wool. An intermediate host for liver flukes is the freshwater snail Indoplanorbis exustus. One important strategy for lowering fascioliasis may be to keep the snail population below threshold levels. In this study, the effects of Leucas aspera leaf powder and its organic extracts (acetone, chloroform, and ether) were investigated. The column extract was used as a molluscicide against the snail I. exustus. Six replicates were used to observe host snail mortality at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours of exposure. Without any treatment, the control snail group was maintained in an identical volume of water (three liters) with ten snails. The LC50 of L. aspera dried leaf powder against I. exustus was 192.31 mg/l at 24 hours and 183.13 mg/l at 96 hours. The ether extract of L. aspera dry leaf powder was more toxic to I. exustus (24-hour LC50: 179.32 mg/l). Column purified fraction of dried leaf powder of L. aspera had LC50 values of 173.51 and 164.03 mg/l at 24 and 96 hours, respectively. The outcomes of this investigation showed that various leaf products of L. aspera had strong molluscicidal effects, and their formulations might serve as useful molluscicides.

Durg Vijay Ram1 and Pradeep Kumar*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 08-May-2025

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 16 - Issue : 2 ; 286–293
Radhika S. Velankar*1 and R. S. Zunjarrao2
1 Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce (Autonomous), Shivajinagar, Pune - 411 005, Maharashtra, India 2 Department of Botany, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce (Autonomous), Shivajinagar, Pune - 411 005, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
Accumulation of applied imidacloprid in agricultural fields is responsible for reducing the quality of crops. The rhizosphere microflora of plants can contribute in improving the performance of the plants in stressful conditions and make them strong to survive in high imidacloprid load. The aim of the present work was to isolate microorganisms from cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) rhizosphere containing high doses of imidacloprid and study its role in providing resilience to cowpea in imidacloprid induced stress. From seventeen isolates, one organism was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This organism was inoculated in soil spiked with imidacloprid and used for cowpea cultivation. The effect of these soil treatments on the growth and physiological parameters of cowpea was assessed. Results revealed that the isolated organism was successful in providing conducive growth conditions for Cowpea in imidacloprid induced stress by eliciting enhanced levels of its vegetative and physiological parameters like germination percentage, plant height, root length, fresh weight, leaf area, total chlorophyll, and proline content. The results of the work suggests that Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be used as a biofertilizer to improve the production of agronomically important crops like cowpea in stress conditions by making it resilient to imidacloprid presence in soil.

Radhika S. Velankar*1 and R. S. Zunjarrao2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 12-May-2025

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 16 - Issue : 2 ; 294–299
Lokesh Badhala1, Shruti Shree Pareek*2 and Saif Ali Khan3
1, 3 Department of Entomology, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute (RARI), Durgapura - 302 018, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India 2 Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindri, District Ajmer - 305 817, Rajasthan, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at MJRP College of Agriculture and Research Jaipur during kharif season 2023 on loamy sand soil, which consisted ten treatments of foliar nutrition (T1: control, T2: RDF, T3: RDF + water spray, T4: RDF + urea 2% spray at FI, T5: RDF + DAP 2% spray at FI, T6: RDF + MoP 2% spray at FI, T7: 19:19:19 (NPK) 2% spray at FI, T8: RDF + B chelate 0.5% spray at FI, T9: RDF + Zn chelate 0.5% spray at FI, T10: RDF + Fe chelate 0.5% spray at FI and were tested in randomized block design with three replications. Recommended dose of fertilizer for hybrid pearl millet was 60 kg N and 40 kg P2O5/ha. Results indicated that application of T5: RDF + DAP 2% spray at FI, T6: RDF + MOP 2% spray at FI, T4: RDF + urea 2% spray at FI, T10: RDF + Fe chelate 0.5% spray at FI, T9: RDF + Zn chelate 0.5% spray at FI and T8: RDF + B chelate 0.5% spray at FI remaining at par with each other and significantly increased plant height, dry matter accumulation. While, chlorophyll content was recorded in treatment T4 (RDF + urea 2% spray at FI).

Lokesh Badhala1, Shruti Shree Pareek*2 and Saif Ali Khan3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 15-May-2025

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 16 - Issue : 2 ; 300–304
Lokesh Badhala1, Shruti Shree Pareek*2 and Saif Ali Khan3
1, 3 Department of Entomology, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute (RARI), Durgapura - 302 018, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India 2 Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindri, District Ajmer - 305 817, Rajasthan, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at MJRP College of Agriculture and Research Jaipur during kharif season 2023 on loamy sand soil, which consisted ten treatments of foliar nutrition (T1: control, T2: RDF, T3: RDF + water spray, T4: RDF + urea 2% spray at FI, T5: RDF+ DAP 2% spray at (Flower initiation) FI, T6: RDF + MOP 2% spray at FI, T7: 19:19:19 (NPK) 2% spray at FI, T8: RDF + B chelate 0.5% spray at FI, T9: RDF + Zn chelate 0.5% spray at FI, T10: RDF + Fe chelate 0.5% spray at FI and were tested in randomized block design with three replications. Results indicated that zinc, content in grain and stover was significantly increased due to application of T9 (RDF + Zn chelate 0.5% spray at FI), iron content in grain and stover was maximum in T10 (RDF + Fe chelate 0.5% spray at FI).

Lokesh Badhala1, Shruti Shree Pareek*2 and Saif Ali Khan3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 17-May-2025

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 16 - Issue : 2 ; 305–309
Patil V. S.*1
1 Department of Microbiology, Lal Bahadur Shastri College of Arts, Science and Commerce (Affiliated to Shivaji University, Kolhapur), Satara - 415 002, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
India is agro-based country and produces huge quantities of organic waste per day. Poultry industry is a growing industrial sector in India. Poultry generates huge quantity of wastes every day. The disposal of these wastes by unscientific treatment methods causes serious environmental pollution. Vegetable markets generate huge quantity of vegetable waste due to poor and inappropriate collection, transportation and handling practices. Vegetable waste being highly biodegradable serve as source of nuisance in market. The present work was undertaken to study anaerobic digestion of poultry waste alone and in combination with vegetable waste with the objectives of treating the waste to generate biogas and to decrease its environmental pollution potential. The anaerobic digestion and co-digestion experiments were carried out at laboratory scale using 1 litre capacity digesters at ambient temperature conditions. The results indicated that anaerobic co-digestion of these wastes produces sufficient energy generation in the form of biogas and also reduces its environmental pollution potential.

Patil V. S.*1 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 04-Jun-2025

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 16 - Issue : 2 ; 310–312
Laxman Ramji Rathod*1
1 Department of Botany, Mahatma Phule Arts, Science, and Commerce College, Panvel - 410 206, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
Chemical control is one of the measures to prevent the disease and evade losses. The evaluation study was therefore conducted in vitro. Six fungicides were tested against the pathogen, i.e., Alternaria tenuis Ness in vitro. The effect of Thiram on Alternaria tenuis Ness was studied using the food poisoning technique. The sensitivity of Thiram was found to be more inhibitory as a compound to other fungicides. As a result, investigation will be helpful in the control of seed-borne fungi of green gram seeds. The different concentrations of Thiram were used from 100g/mL to 800g/mL. The lowest PCE was 100 g/mL, and the highest was 1000g/mL. The MIC was found to be 700g/mL. Mung bean seed samples were collected from pulse research in Badnapur before the experiment. The laboratory experiment was conducted in the Department of Botany Mahatma Phule Arts, Science and Commerce College Panvel district Raigad University of Mumbai (India).

Laxman Ramji Rathod*1 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 12-Jun-2025

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 16 - Issue : 2 ; 313–315
Catherine Jose1, Subramaniyan S2 and Sandhia G. S*3
1-3 PG Department of Botany and Research Centre, University College, Thiruvananthapuram - 695 034, Kerala, India
Abstract
Soil microorganisms, particularly those inhabiting the rhizosphere, play a crucial role in promoting plant growth and enhancing tolerance to environmental stress. In the present study, bacterial isolates were obtained from rhizospheric soils of crops cultivated in saline and drought-prone agricultural fields of Kerala, India. Using the serial dilution technique, distinct bacterial colonies were isolated and purified. Two isolates, designated AS11 and AC21, were selected for further analysis based on colony characteristics. Morphological and biochemical characterization revealed that both isolates were Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped, and non-spore-forming. Carbohydrate utilization profiles and additional biochemical tests indicated that isolate AS11 belongs to the genus Caballeronia, while isolate AC21 was identified as a member of the genus Enterobacter. These genera are well-documented for their plant growth-promoting traits, including ACC deaminase activity, making them promising candidates for development as bioinoculants in stress-affected agricultural systems.

Catherine Jose1, Subramaniyan S2 and Sandhia G. S*3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 21-Jun-2025

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 16 - Issue : 2 ; 316–321
Gour Maity*1, S. G. Pal2 and Subrata Kumar De1
1 Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore (West) - 721 102, West Bengal, India 2 Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 B. C. Road, Kolkata - 700 019, West Bengal, India
Abstract
The phagocytic macrophages within the olfactory neuroepithelium of fish [Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822)] are examined under light and transmission electron microscope. The distribution of macrophages inside the olfactory neuroepithelium of fish is determined by the distinct morpho-functional characteristics of each cell. The rodlet cells are different due to their potential functional structures and level of maturity. The macrophages, mast cells, and rodlet cells are jointly responsible for the elimination of the pathogenic load from the olfactory neuroepithelium of fish, i.e., cell-mediated defense (non-specific interaction). This notable feature within the olfactory neuroepithelium is characteristically indicated as the part of neurological defense against invasive pathogens.

Gour Maity*1, S. G. Pal2 and Subrata Kumar De1 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 26-Jun-2025