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P- ISSN: 0976-1675
E- ISSN: 2249-4538

© CARAS (Centre for Advanced Research in Agricultural Sciences)
NAAS Score: 4.50

Volume - 3 - March-April 2012

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 309-315
Nawsheeba and M Feza Ahmad
Division of Fruit Science, S. K. University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar - 191 121, Srinagar, (J & K), India
Abstract
GPS is used by users anywhere on the surface of the earth (or in space around the earth) to determine their geographic position in latitude (north-south), longitude (east-west), and elevation. The global positioning system is comprised of 24 satellites (plus a few spares) orbiting the earth. The satellites have an orbital period of about 12 hours. This means that each satellite will circle the earth about twice in a 24-hour period. The satellite orbits are about 12,500 miles above the earth’s surface. GPS has found enormous applications in agriculture. GPS and associated navigation systems are used in many types of agricultural opera¬tions. This technology is used by farmers to manage their crop land. Today, GPS based systems are found on a variety of agricultural machinery, assisting farmers with day-to-day activities. These systems are useful particularly in applying pesticides, lime, and fertilizers and in tracking wide planters/drills or large grain-harvesting platforms. This technology reduces the chance of misapplication of agrochemicals and has the potential to safeguard water quality. This technology is useful in recording spatial yield data in the field. Use of GPS navigation in agrochemical application with ground equipment has grown rapidly, and commercial applicators are quickly adopting the tool. The combination of Global Positioning System (GPS) and mobile mapping provide the agriculturist with a new capability of gathering information for implementing decision-based precision agriculture. Improving the agricultural process can maximizes financial return and increases the stewardship of land, water, and related natural resources.

Nawsheeba and M Feza Ahmad

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 316-321
M K Meena, M B Chetti, D Saida Naik and C M Nawallagatii
Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur - 584 102, Karnataka, India
Abstract
The growth and development of plant is a complex process and is under the control of three main factors viz genetics, environment and endogenous growth substances. The genetic factors determine the potentiality of a plant for growth and the fullest expression of this potential in turn is under the control of various environmental factors. As the plant growth and development is a complex process and there are two factors which influence the reaction and metabolism of plants and thus regulate the developmental pattern of plant. One of them is a system of endogenous chemical messengers, called hormones. The second one comprises more or less interdependent set of external environmental factors such as light, water, temperature and gravity, which play indispensable role in the development as do hereditary factors which have been transmitted from its biological parents. The enhanced productivity of crop through physiological approaches is chiefly achieved by coordinating plant processes to synthesize maximum dry matter production and partitioning major quantum of this increased dry matter into effective yield contributing factors. The effect of various growth regulators on morphological characters like plant height, number of branches, days to flower initiation and 50% flowering indicated that these parameters differed significantly due to growth regulators. These effects can also be achieved by certain growth regulators. The success in using these growth regulators depends on several factors such as, the choice of plant growth substances, the purpose for which it is being used, the appropriate concentration and the right time of application.

M K Meena, M B Chetti, D Saida Naik and C M Nawallagatii

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 322-324
Santosh Patil, K J Yashavantha Kumar*, H G Kencharaddi*, K J Pranesh* and B M Santhosh**
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263 145, U.S. Nagar, Uttarakhand, India *Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, **Department of Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad - 580 005, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Molecular marker approach using inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers on 16 genotypes of sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench was done to obtain clear bands on 1.5% agarose gels. We screened 40 ISSR primers for 2 parameters (Annealing temperature and Voltage and running time). Out of 40 ISSR primers, 25 ISSR primers shown the bands and resolution of markers was performed with optimal annealing temperature ranging from 50-52° C, to obtain combination of clear and well distinguished pattern at varying voltage and running time. Total of 288 bands with 6 to 16 bands per primer was observed.

Santosh Patil, K J Yashavantha Kumar*, H G Kencharaddi*, K J Pranesh* and B M Santhosh**

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 325-329
Mahnaz Nasrabadi, Nivedita Ghayal* and K N Dhumal**
Department of Environmental Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran *Department of Botany, Abasaheb Garware College, Karve Road, Pune – 411 004, Maharashtra, India **Department of Botany, University of Pune – 411 007, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
Present Investigation was undertaken at Research Field, Department of Botany, University of Pune, Maharashtra, during rabi season of 2007-2008. Tomato and brinjal seedlings were raised in nursery and transplanted in the field after 40 DAS, transplanting was done in randomized block design. The different concentrations of chloropyrifos and malathion were prepared with DW and applied in the form of sprays on the fruits along with the control. The results of present investigations revealed that the high concentrations of chloropyrifos as well as malathion in tomato and brinjal adversely affect the fruit and nutrient quality. But the lower concentrations of both the pesticides are improving the fruit and nutrient quality in both the vegetables. The higher concentration of chloropyrifos and malathion is protecting the fruits from insect attack effectively, but it causes degradation in fruit and nutrient quality. Hence the growers should abide the application of higher concentration of both the pesticides to safe guard the fruit and nutrient quality.

Mahnaz Nasrabadi, Nivedita Ghayal* and K N Dhumal**

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 330-335
Samir-El-Sherif, S A Sayeda and A H Hanan
Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt
Abstract
The government of Egypt is highly concerned with raising awareness of educational quality assurance and accreditation among Egyptian academic institutes. In 2007, NAQAAE (The National Authority for Quality Assurance and Accreditation of Education) was established by a Presidential Decree. The main goals of NAQAAE are supporting Egyptian educational institutes by fostering their quality assurance practices through establishing an integrated system for accreditation, setting up educational standards and performance assessment indicators and supporting Egyptian educational institutions in their preparation of self assessment. In accordance with these galls, Egyptian educational institutions are strongly urged to revise and improve their educational programs to meet with the international standards for quality assurance and accreditation. The Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University pioneered in that direction and developed two new educational postgraduate programs for studies towards M. Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in economic entomology. Both programs were designed to meet with the international standards of quality assured education and the official bylaws related to postgraduate studies. The two programs have been reviewed by internal and external highly recognized scientists then submitted to NAQAAE for final approval and accreditation. For M. Sc. degree, the student is required to study 39 credit hours (1 credit hour = 1 theoretical hour or 2 practical hours) and submit and discuss a scientific thesis. For Ph. D. degree, the student is required to study 53 credit hours and submit and discuss a scientific thesis. M. Sc. and Ph. D. Students must score 400 and 450, respectively, in International Toefl, get ICDL and publish at least one scientific paper. Ph.D. students must also pass written and oral qualifying examinations.

Samir-El-Sherif, S A Sayeda and A H Hanan

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 336-340
Mohammad Shahbaz Anwar
Gobind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar – 263 145, Uttarakhand, India
Abstract
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is beneficial bacteria that colonize plant roots and enhance plant growth by wide variety of mechanism like phosphate solubilization, etc. The use of PGPR is steadily increased in agriculture and offers an attractive way to replace chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and supplements. In present research work Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a gram negative rod shape bacteria belonging to the community of PGPR was used to study their effect on the phosphate solubilization. For this purpose soil was collected from rhizosphere of agricultural farm of U.P Agriculture Department Kalai, Aligarh. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was successfully isolated and characterized based on its morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization. The phosphate solubilization test was conducted to determine the effect of PGPR activity. It was found that Pseudomonas aeruginosa at concentration 0.5 ml of the isolated culture solubilized tri-calcium phosphate (53.85 gml-1) upon 5days of growth. Therefore the present study suggests that Pseudomonas aeruginosa is beneficial for solubilizing tri-calcium phosphate.

Mohammad Shahbaz Anwar

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 341-343
Sidramappa Talekar, M R Gururaja Rao, H B Dinesh and Yegappa Hipparagi
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore – 560 065, Karnataka, India
Abstract
The study was conducted at K Block, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore during kharif 2009-10. The planting material were grown in single row plots in randomized block design with two replications to estimate variability parameters for grain yield, ethanol yield and their attributing characters in 18 germplasm accessions of sweet sorghum. High percent of GCV and PCV were observed for traits like, cane height, cane weight, juice volume, Brix and ethanol yield. From the study, ICSV 93046 was identified as the best in cane weight, Juice yield, and sugar yield, while ICSV 700 as high in plant height and cane height. ICSR 91005 as best for Brix per cent, reducing sugar per cent, total sugar per cent and ethanol yielding genotype.

Sidramappa Talekar, M R Gururaja Rao, H B Dinesh and Yegappa Hipparagi

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 344-348
P M Prasanna, N G Kumar and D Shivamurthy
Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad - 580 005, Karnataka, India
Abstract
The field experiment was conducted at Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra (GKVK) campus of the University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore during kharif season of 2004-05 under rainfed conditions, which was a continuation of fifth year experiment on same field with same treatments. To know the effect of increased application FYM by reducing recommended fertilizer on incidence of Insect pests viz Thrips, Helicoverpa armigera, stemfly and leaf miner, Aproaerema modicella. It is found that the treatments applied with increased dosage of recommended FYM along with/without fertilizers attracted higher number of insect pests compared to the treatments applied only recommended FYM or Fertilizer or package of practice because of greenish, succulent leaves and healthy growth of crop. However, increased incidence of insect pests is compensated by producing higher test weight and seed yield in these treatment.

P M Prasanna, N G Kumar and D Shivamurthy

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 349-351
Rakesh Kumar, Santosh Kumar, Hariom Sah and Mukesh Topwal*
Department of Horticulture, *Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263 145, Uttarakhand, India
Abstract
The present investigation was conducted to find out the association among different characters in snapdragon genotypes during the year 2009-10. Analysis of results revealed that plant height has highly significant and positive correlation with spike length, rachis length, number of florets per spike and number of pods per spike. There exist a positive and highly significant association of spike length with rachis length, number of florets per spike, number of pods per spike and number of seeds per pod. Number of pods per spike showed positive and highly significant association with number of seeds per pod and weight of seeds per plant. However, plant height exhibited highly significant and negative association with number of primary branches per plant, duration of flowering, number of spikes per plant and number of leaves per plant; plant spread had significant and negative correlation with spike length, rachis length, number of florets per spike and number of pods per spike; negative and significant association was also observed for number of leaves per plant with days to bud initiation and days to seed ripening.

Rakesh Kumar, Santosh Kumar, Hariom Sah and Mukesh Topwal*

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 352-355
B V Pavitra, M S Puneeth Raj*, N Earanna** and Y S Mahesh***
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, *Department of Seed Science and Technology, **Department of Biotechnology, ***Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences (GKVK), Bangalore – 560 065, Karnataka, India
Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted in 2010 during kharif at Department of Agriculture Microbiology at University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore to study the effect of microbial inoculants on yield and seed quality of chilli. Experiment consists of eight treatments with three replications, designed used for the study is completely randomized design. The results of experiment revealed that combined inoculation of microbial inoculants recorded maximum plant height, leaves and days taken to 50% flowering and yield parameter like number of fruits, fruits weight, length, diameter, and seed quality like Seed vigour, germination per cent, Seedling shoot length and root length, Aacarbic acid content was maximum in the treatment having Azospirillum + PSB + Thrichoderma hargianum compare to individual inoculated treatment and un inoculated.

B V Pavitra, M S Puneeth Raj*, N Earanna** and Y S Mahesh***

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 356-359
K J Pranesh, M R Gururaja Rao, K J Yashavantha Kumar and B M Santhosh
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Science, Bengaluru- 560 065, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Germplasms collected from different locations in Karnataka, India were subjected to diversity analysis for quantitative traits including seed yield and oil content indicated more differences among the germplasms studied. The phenotypic co-efficient of variation was high for fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant, seed yield per plant and oil yield. Distribution for all the characters studied skewed positively right hand side except oil content, which was negatively left hand side skewed. Seed yield per plant correlated positively and significantly with fruits per plant followed by fruit yield per plant but its association was positive and non significant with 100 seed weight, but negative and significant with oil content. The path coefficient analysis revealed of fruit yield per plant maximum direct effect followed by fruits per plant on seed yield per plant. The indirect effect of fruits per plant through fruit yield per plant was high and positive on seed yield. Principal component-I is the most important component which explain up to 99.207% of variance in the population. Mean value for seed yield per plant was highest in Cluster-III (825.00g), followed by cluster-IV (830.0g) and cluster-II (744.98g). The mean value for oil yield was maximum in cluster-I (41.60%) followed by cluster-IX (41.50%).

K J Pranesh, M R Gururaja Rao, K J Yashavantha Kumar and B M Santhosh

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 360-362
M S Puneeth Raj, P J Devaraju, H S Rame Gowda and B V Pavitra*
Department of Seed Science and Technology, *Department of Agricultural Microbiology, University of Agriculture Sciences (GKVK), Bangalore - 560 065, Karnataka, India
Abstract
The field experiment was carried out at University of Agricultural Sciences (GKVK), Bangalore Plot No. E-6, during kharif season of 2009 to investigate the effect of micronutrients on seed quality of French bean. The experiment consists of 15 treatment combinations of Boron, Zinc, Molybdenum, Trichoderma viridae and Rhizobium phaseoli. The results revealed that the soil application of Boron @ 20 kg/ha, Zinc @ 15 kg/ha, Molybdenum @ 2 kg/ha, Rhizobium @ 10 kg/ha and Trichoderma @ 5 kg/ha recorded significantly higher quality parameters germination (%), root length (cm), shoot length (cm), mean seedling length (cm), mean seedling dry weight (mg), vigour index I, vigour index II and electrical conductivity (EC).

M S Puneeth Raj, P J Devaraju, H S Rame Gowda and B V Pavitra*

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 363-367
Sainath, D A Uppar and M K Meena
Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad - 580 005, Karnataka, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during kharif 2008 to study the influence of spacing, fertilizer levels and growth regulators on growth, seed yield and quality in annual chrysanthemum. The experiment consisted of three spacing (S1- 30 x 30, S2- 30 x 45, S3- 30 x 60) and fertilizer levels (F1- 75: 112.5: 75, F2- 100: 150: 100, F3- 125: 187.5: 125 NPK kg/ha). It was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with factorial concept having three replications. The results indicated significantly higher plant height, number of branches, and dry weight, number of seeds/flower and seed yield/plant at S3 with F3. The seed quality parameters like thousand seed weight, germination percentage, seedling length, vigour index and dry weight were also higher. However, seed yield ha-1 and seed yield parameters were higher with S1 with F3.

Sainath, D A Uppar and M K Meena

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 368-371
Shweta Jain and Samuel G Singh
Department of Botany, St. John’s College, Agra - 282 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
Spirulina is a multicellular and filamentous blue green alga that has gained considerable popularity as a protein in health food industry and vitamin supplement to aquaculture diets. The helical shape of filaments is characteristic of the genus and is maintained only in a liquid environment or culture medium. The culture of Spirulina is practiced in different media, especially inorganic and decomposed organic nutrients. Different types of Spirulina have been cultured to evaluate growth and biochemistry under similar controlled conditions. This work was conducted to evaluate the potentiality of wood ash for the biomass production of Spirulina platensis. Different concentration gradients i e 10-60% with standard medium were examined to grow Spirulina at pH 9.7, temperature 35oC ± 2 and light intensity 3 Klux. The growth was calculated in terms of specific growth rate and dry biomass obtained after the cultivation of 27 days. Successful results were obtained in 20% concentration level, having 20% wood ash supplemented with 80% prescribed medium i e CFTRI medium. The decrease in the growth rate in higher concentrations was found due to the presence of some heavy metals in the medium. However, the nutrient deficiency was tried to compensate by the addition of carbon and nitrogen sources. These results indicate the efficiency of wood ash to add the nutrient supply to the culture medium to reduce its valuable cost and make it a cheaper and economic culture for Spirulina platensis.

Shweta Jain and Samuel G Singh

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 372-375
R A Balikai and S Lingappa
Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad -580 005, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Present investigation was conducted for two consecutive seasons at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bijapur (Karnataka) to test the bio-efficacy of different botanicals against aphids, Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) in rabi sorghum. Aqueous extracts of ten botanicals were tested in comparison with two insecticidal checks (endosulfan 35 EC @ 0.07% spray and malathion 5% dust) and neem soap @ 0.05%. Among the plant products tested, Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don (=Vinca rosea) leaves @ 5%, Pongamia pinnata (Linn.) Pierre kernels @ 2%, P. pinnata leaves @ 5%, Azadirachta indica A. Juss kernels @ 5%, Vitex negundo L. leaves @ 5% and Adhatoda vasica Nees leaves @ 5% possessed as much insecticidal value as endosulfan 35 EC @ 0.07% against aphids. This was reflected in higher grain and fodder yields comparable to endosulfan in the above botanicals, except V. negundo, and A. vasica. The plant products viz C. roseus, P. pinnata, A. indica, V. negundo and A. vasica that are as effective as endosulfan in suppressing aphid population, can be effectively utilized for its management as one of the an eco-friendly management tactics.

R A Balikai and S Lingappa

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 376-379
Dhirendra Singh Bhadouria and Avinash Singh Tomar
Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, RVSKVV, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
Abstract
The present studies were conducted at College of Agriculture, Gwalior during winter season of 2006-2007. The results revealed that Neem oil and Eucalyptus oil where found best as these two were significantly superior over other plant extracts except Eucalyptus leaf extract. Neem oil and Eucalyptus oil absolutely inhibited the fungal growth and these two were significantly superior over Iopmia leaf extract (50.33mm), Lantana leaf extract (42.67mm), Parthenium leaf extract (36.00mm), Calotropis leaf extract (27.67mm), Onion bulb extract (17.67mm) and Datura leaf extract (16.33mm). Neem oil and Eucalyptus oil were statistically at par with Ginger bulb extract (4.00mm), Neem leaf extract (5.00mm), Eucalyptus leaf extract (6.33), Tulsi leaf extract (7.00mm), Garlic bulb extract (7.00mm) and Pudina leaf extract (9.00mm). The correlation coefficient shows a strong significantly negative correlation between the flower blight intensity and the seed yield. The regression equation indicate 14.61gm of seed yield of 10 flowers under disease free condition and thereafter the seed yield would decrease by 0.13gm with unit (1% each) increase of intensity of flower blight. The regression equation indicates that with one unit of increase in the intensity of flower blight the seed yield loss would increase by 0.965%. The correlation coefficient shows a highly significant and negative correlation between the flower blight intensity and the seed germination. The regression equation indicates 52.65% seed germination under disease free condition and thereafter it decreases by 0.638% with unit increase (1% each) in the intensity of flower blight.

Dhirendra Singh Bhadouria and Avinash Singh Tomar

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 380-384
H G Kencharaddi, R S Patil, K J Yashavantha Kumar, Santosh Patil, Sateesh A and B M Santhosh
Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad – 580 005, Karnataka, India
Abstract
An experiment with 80 F3 progenies was conducted to study the correlation, path coefficient analysis and path of productivity of different characters with seed cotton yield per plant. The result of the present study showed that the genotypic correlation coefficients were higher than phenotypic correlation coefficients. At genotypic level seed cotton yield per plant was highly and positively correlated with number of bolls per plant followed by seed index, halo length and boll weight. At phenotypic level seed cotton yield per plant exhibited same trend except number of sympodia and lint index which showed non-significant association with seed cotton yield. The genotypic and phenotypic path coefficients revealed the highest direct effect of number of bolls on seed cotton yield followed by lint index, number of seeds per boll, number of sympodia, number of nodes and seed index. Path of productivity analysis showed that the number of bolls per plant, boll weight, plant height and halo length contributed positively to the path of productivity leading to higher seed cotton yield. While, number of monopodia per plant and interboll distance contributed negatively towards the path of productivity.

H G Kencharaddi, R S Patil, K J Yashavantha Kumar, Santosh Patil, Sateesh A and B M Santhosh

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 385-388
M Kavaskar
Department of Agricultural Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Chidambaram - 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Organic farming is a holistic production management system which farmer’s maximum use of organic materials and discourages use of synthetically produced agro inputs for maintaining soil productivity, fertility and pest management under conditions of sustainable natural resources and healthy environment. Awareness about organic farming is increasing in Tamil Nadu. Hence, the study was taken up to assess the profile characteristics and knowledge level of organic farming practices in paddy growers in Thiruvannamalai district of Tamil Nadu. A sample of 120 paddy growers was selected based on random sampling procedure. The findings indicated that majority of the respondents fell under medium level category of farming experience, livestock resources, information sharing behaviour and risk orientation. Most of the respondents were found lying in medium level of knowledge about organic farming practices in paddy.

M Kavaskar

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 385-388
M Kavaskar
Department of Agricultural Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Chidambaram - 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Organic farming is a holistic production management system which farmer’s maximum use of organic materials and discourages use of synthetically produced agro inputs for maintaining soil productivity, fertility and pest management under conditions of sustainable natural resources and healthy environment. Awareness about organic farming is increasing in Tamil Nadu. Hence, the study was taken up to assess the profile characteristics and knowledge level of organic farming practices in paddy growers in Thiruvannamalai district of Tamil Nadu. A sample of 120 paddy growers was selected based on random sampling procedure. The findings indicated that majority of the respondents fell under medium level category of farming experience, livestock resources, information sharing behaviour and risk orientation. Most of the respondents were found lying in medium level of knowledge about organic farming practices in paddy.

M Kavaskar

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 389-393
Kanchan Kandpal and Ajay Kumar Singh
Department of Agricultural Economics, Gobind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar – 263 145, Uttarakhand, India
Abstract
The present study attempts to assess the organization and management of vegetable marketing system of Uttarakhand and also identified the constraints faced by the farmers and traders. The study is based on survey of two major vegetable markets, 40 farmers and 20 traders. The entire Uttarakhand state has already come under the purview of the APMC Act. However, the various provision of the Act is yet to be effectively implemented in various markets of the state, the main area supplying off-season vegetables. The major constraints felt by the farmers were the transportation, high cost and shortage of packaging material, discomfort in market, unnecessary deductions by traders and lack of market information. Inadequate storage facilities, Irregularity in electric supply and inadequate transport facilities were the important constraints faced by traders. Vegetable growers suggested establishment of more regulated markets in the area, setting up of processing unit in the area, providing good roads and environment friendly transport means in the area and developing an efficient system of market information to improve the efficiency of the marketing system which will serve their cause too.

Kanchan Kandpal and Ajay Kumar Singh

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 3 - Issue : 2 ; 394-398
G Sathiya Narayanan, M Prakash, B Sunil Kumar and S Padmavathi
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
In cotton, seed deterioration takes place very rapidly under the existing storage conditions. It should be maintained well from harvest to next sowing season without appreciable loss in vigour and viability. Seed quality maintenance especially under storage conditions is very important. Hence, to study the influence of seed enhancement treatments such as of seed coating and pelleting on storability of cotton seeds was assessed. The linted seeds were dried and treated with gaucho @ 10 gm kg-1, halopolymer @ 4ml kg-1, thiram powder pelleting @ 2 gm kg-1, flyash pelleting @ 300 gm kg-1, turmeric powder @ 200 gm kg -1, arappu leaf powder @ 200 gm kg-1, deltamethrin @ 5 ml kg-1 and vasambu rhizome powder pelleting @ 200 gm kg-1 and seeds were stored along with untreated seeds in two different containers viz cloth bag and aluminum container. The seeds were evaluated initially and at monthly intervals upto 10 months for its seed quality parameters viz speed of germination, germination percentage, seedling length, drymatter production and vigor index. The study clearly revealed that the linted cotton seeds treated with halopolymer @ 4 ml kg-1 and stored in aluminium container maintained its vigour and viability upto 10 months over other treatments and control.

G Sathiya Narayanan, M Prakash, B Sunil Kumar and S Padmavathi

| Published online : 13-Apr-2015