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P- ISSN: 0976-1675
E- ISSN: 2249-4538

© CARAS (Centre for Advanced Research in Agricultural Sciences)
NAAS Score: 4.56

Volume - 6 - November-December 2015

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1181-1185
Parvaze A Sofi and Nida Yousuf
Faculty of Agriculture, SKUAST - Kashmir, Wadura, Sopore - 193 201, Jammu & Kashmir, India
Abstract
Calcium in cationic form (Ca2+) plays a significant role in stress response of plants by connecting environmental stimuli to their suitable physiological responses. Calcium chloride applied as exogenous spray has been found to increase various plant growth parameters. In the present study three genotypes of common bean viz WB-185, WB-216 and Shalimar Rajmash-1 were used. Aqueous calcium chloride (HIMEDIA) solutions at 5, 10, and 20 mM containing 0.1% Tween 20 were sprayed on the leaves of bean. Control plants were sprayed with distilled water containing 0.1% Tween 20. Across the genotypes, all the traits except shoot dry weight had higher mean values at 10 mM calcium chloride concentration whereas for shoot dry weight higher value was recorded at 5 mM calcium chloride. The lowest values for all traits were recorded under water spray treatment. The analysis of variance for individual and interactive effects of genotypes and calcium chloride reveals that there was significant variation between genotypes for all traits whereas significant variation was revealed between treatment levels for all traits except shoot dry weight. The interactive effect of genotypes and calcium chloride were significant for rooting depth and root volume but non-significant for shoot dry weight and root dry weight. All the traits were significantly correlated except for root dry weight and rooting depth where correlation was positive but non-significant. The present investigation confirmed that pretreating plants under drought with CaCl2 can modulate the drought response across crops.

Parvaze A Sofi and Nida Yousuf

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1186-1189
Hitesh Kumar, Charanjit Kaur and Janagam Venu Madhav
Department of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi - 110 012, India
Abstract
The anti-oxidant activity of extracts from 30 vegetables and 28 fruits crops were evaluated for their phenolic (TPH), flavonoids (TF) and antioxidant activity (AOX). Antioxidant activity mg/100g was evaluated using the in-vitro assay viz ferric reducing antioxidant activity power (FRAP), cupric antioxidant activity (CUPRAC) and 2,2-diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) Large significant variation was observed (p<0.05) amongst fruits and between their varieties and content ranged from 40.68 to 1493.87 mg GAE/100g, respectively. Amongst fruits the highest phenolic content was observed in Aonla > Grape (Pusa Navrang) > Plum (Frontier) > Plum (Santa Rosa) > Grape (Black muscat) with phenolic values of 1493.87 > 669.25 > 453.66 > 458.69 > 333.56 mg GAE/100g respectively. Plums, grape, aonla and apple were amongst the fruits with maximum total flavonoids content ranging from (36.18 - 82.58 mg/100g). Vegetable like kachnar and drumstick had exceptionally high TPH of 760.45 and 150 mg GAE/100 mg followed by leafy vegetables (320.31 - 354.43 mg GAE/100g) and anthocyanin containing vegetables (90.672 - 447.23 mg GAE/100g) respectively. Highest AOX (FRAP) was observed in black carrots followed by kachnar flowers dumar, beetroot and drumstick flowers.

Hitesh Kumar, Charanjit Kaur and Janagam Venu Madhav

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1190-1193
S Senthilmurugan and A S Krishnamoorthy
Mushroom Research and Training Centre, Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Mycelium associated bacteria are known to play an important role in the morphogenesis and yield enhancement during oyster mushroom production. In an attempt to find the mycelium associated beneficial bacteria, one isolate each of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (MGPB-1) and Rhizobium radiobacter (MGPB-2) found in association with the mycelia of Pleurotus florida and Hypsizygus ulmarius, respectively has been isolated. The 16S rRNA gene of each of the isolated bacteria was amplified using 1F (5’-GAGTTTGATCATGGCTCAG-3’) and 9R (5’-AAGGAGGTGATCCAACCGCA-3’) universal primers with a PCR Master mix reaction kit. DNA fragments of approximately 1,500 bp were purified using a QIA quick Gel Extraction Kit and were partially sequenced. The partial sequence data revealed the identity of bacterial strains (Gen-Bank Accession No. KT213564 and KT213565). When co-inoculated in dual culture plates, both the bacterial strains enhanced the mycelial growth and biomass production of P. forida and Hypsizygus ulmarius. It was further observed that the number and diversity of bacteria associated with P. florida and Hypsizygus ulmarius differed with the growth stages of the mushroom fungi in beds. More particularly, the population size and diversity increased during fruiting body induction.

S Senthilmurugan and A S Krishnamoorthy

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1194-1197
Kumar Dhar Sahu and Sunil Kumar Bhagat
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
A Study was undertaken to evaluate the fertility status of Jaijaipur block in Janjgir- Champa district, Chhattisgarh covering 105 villages during 2011-2012. The systematic collection of samples in geo–referenced surface (0-0.15m) soils samples from 2485 sites representing Inceptisols, Alfisols and Vertisols using Global Positioning System. The samples were analyzed for pH, organic carbon and DTPA-extractable zinc. The statistical description of soil characteristics indicated that the pH of the soils varied from 4.3 to 8.1. The organic carbon content in these soils varied from 0.22 to 0.75% (mean-0.46%), which was observed to be low to medium in organic matter status. The DTPA-extractable Zn content ranged from 0.08 to 1.98 mg kg-1 with mean 0.68 mg kg-1 these results indicated that zinc is likely to be constraint for crop production in soils of Jaijaipur block. The correlation studies between available micronutrient Zn and soil properties (pH, OC) showed significant negative correlation.

Kumar Dhar Sahu and Sunil Kumar Bhagat

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1198-1203
B A Kiran, V P Chimmad, B R Megha and R V Koti
Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad - 580 005, Karnataka, India
Abstract
The field experiment consisted of three genotypes (Annigeri-1, JG-11 and JG-14) with five dates of sowing (from 40th to 48th standard week) laid out in a factorial randomized block design. Significant plant height, primary and secondary branches and total dry matter (29.21 g) were observed under D3 temperature regime with higher growing degree days (1637). This increasing total dry matter is due to higher leaf area which increases interception of solar radiation helps for the production of more photosynthates with higher partitioning and accumulation of dry matter in to different parts. This increasing dry matter accumulation and leaf area further increases other growth parameters like LAI, LAD, LAR, AGR, CGR, NAR (5.66, 0.381, 1.89, 24.15, 8.05 and 0.26 respectively) but RGR and SLW showing non significant differences among the genotypes and temperature regimes. The genotype JG-11 recorded more number of primary and secondary branches, leaf area, total dry matter and growing degree days including other growth parameter with a minimum plant height and optimum yield than the other genotypes.

B A Kiran, V P Chimmad, B R Megha and R V Koti

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1204-1208
Shweta A Lakra and S Naresh Kumar
Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi - 110 012, India
Abstract
A field study was conducted with soybean during kharif season of 2011 at Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, to quantify the response of soybean to treatments of flooding, drought and high temperature alone and in five different combinations at different phases of crop growth. Overall results on phenology, biomass accumulation and distribution, yield and yield components indicate that the plants responded differentially to sequential stresses depending on the coincidence of the occurrence of type of stress. The results indicate that in soybean, water is the most important factor determining yield and it can withstand high temperature stress if water is not limiting. In seasons when heavy rainfall events coincide with vegetative growth period followed by dry spells during flowering and then good rainfall events in the pod filling period (PFP) will not affect the crop yield. On the other hand, dry spells during vegetative period significantly reduces the yield.

Shweta A Lakra and S Naresh Kumar

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1209-1213
M C Anjali, B C Dhanajaya, N V Mohan Kumar*, H M Chidanandappa, Y Vishwanath Shetty, K T Gurumurthy, H K Veeranna and N V Mohan Kumar
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, *Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, University of Agriculture and Horticultural Sciences, Shimoga - 577 204, Karnataka, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted on a sandy loam soil at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, University of Agriculture and Horticultural Sciences, Shimoga, Karnataka during kharif of 2013 in order to investigate the effect of phosphorus levels with or without PSB seed treatment on productivity of groundnut. The levels of phosphorus @ 0, 25, 37.5 and 50 kg P2O5 per ha-1 with or without PSB seed treatment were tried in a randomized complete block design with three replications and eight treatments. Results of the field experiment indicated that seed treatment and higher level of phosphorus significantly increases the growth, yield and yield attributes and uptake of nutrients by groundnut. Groundnut pod, haulm and oil yield were higher in the treatment 50 kg P2O5ha-1 with PSB seed treatment compared to other treatments and was on par with 50 kg P2O5 ha-1 without PSB seed treatment and 37.5 kg P2O5 ha-1 with PSB seed treatment. Highest pod yield of groundnut (24.29 q ha-1) was obtained by application of 50 kg P2O5 ha-1 with PSB seed treatment.

M C Anjali, B C Dhanajaya, N V Mohan Kumar*, H M Chidanandappa, Y Vishwanath Shetty, K T Gurumurthy, H K Veeranna and N V Mohan Kumar

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1214-1217
H Bhargavi, M Srinivasa Reddy, S Tirumala Reddy*, P Kavitha**, U Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy and P V Ramesh Babu
Department of Agronomy, **Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Agriculture College, Mahanandi - 518 502, District Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India *Krishi Vigyan Kendra (ANGRAU), Kalikiri - 517 234, Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during rabi season, 2012-13 to study the influence of plant densities and varieties on yield parameters, yield and economics of groundnut. Groundnut varieties and plant densities showed significant influence on yield parameters such as number of pods per plant, number of kernels per pod, 100 kernel weight (g) and shelling percentage (%), yield and economics of groundnut. Among different varieties tried, TAG-24 produced highest number of pods per plant (15.5) and highest shelling percentage (73.67) at a plant population of 4.44 lakh ha-1. Number of kernels per pod and 100 kernel weight were not significantly influenced by varieties and plant densities. With regard to pod production, haulm yield and harvest index all the varieties produced statistically equal yield. However variation in density of planting resulted in production of significantly lower pod yield with 3.33 lakh ha-1and the rest of the treatments produced statistically equal yield. However higher haulm yield was recorded with 6.66 lakh ha-1. The gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio was cannot significantly influenced by varieties and plant densities.

H Bhargavi, M Srinivasa Reddy, S Tirumala Reddy*, P Kavitha**, U Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy and P V Ramesh Babu

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1218-1221
D Srinivas, Ch Anuradha and M Sujatha
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out to study the variability, correlation and path analysis in seventy six rice genotypes (Oryza sativa). Character association of the yield attributing traits revealed significant association of grain yield per plant with number of filled grains per panicle (rp = 0.4796**), number of tillers per plant (rp= 0.4306**), total number of grains per panicle (rp= 0.404**), panicle length (rp= 0.296**) and days to 50 percent flowering (rp= 0.1324*). Path coefficient analysis revealed that number of filled grains per panicle (0.4479), number of tillers per plant (0.4166) and panicle length (0.2112), had positive direct effect on grain yield.

D Srinivas, Ch Anuradha and M Sujatha

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1222-1226
K T Apet, A S Sayyad, P G Chavan and S S Wagh
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani - 431 402, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
Pineapple disease caused by Ceratocystis paradoxa (De Seynes) Moreau. is one of the most destructive and widespread disease of sugarcane, (Saccharum officinarum) which cause losses of setts germination (12 to 20%) and yield reduction of10 to 15 tonnes/ha. The pathogen/disease is very difficult to manage with chemicals alone and also uneconomical keeping these in mind, present study was undertaken to manage pineapple disease with soil amendments and bioinoculants, constituting a total of 13 treatments evaluated in vitro (plate and pot culture). Results revealed that aqueous extracts of the test amendments and culture filtrates of the test bioinoculants significantly inhibited mycelial growth of the test fungus, over untreated control. However, recorded with Azotobacter diazotrophicus (18.08 mm), followed by neem seed cake (19.91 mm) and cotton seed cake (23.66 mm). All the organic amendments and bioinoculants applied in sick soil (C. paradoxa) were found effective in reducing the pre-emergence setts rot as well as post-emergence seedling mortality in sugarcane cv. Co 86032. The average (PESR + PESM) reduction in mortality recorded with all the organic amendments and bioinoculants tested were ranged from 51.41 to 90.96 percent as against 0.00 percent in untreated control. However, highest average reduction in mortality (90.96%) was recorded with vermicompost + neem seed cake + A. diazotrophicus. Followed by poultry manure + cotton seed cake + A. chroococcum (83.14%) and neem seed cake + A. diazotrophicus (82.14%).

K T Apet, A S Sayyad, P G Chavan and S S Wagh

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1227-1229
T Nagesh Kumar and M Veerangouda
Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur - 584 104, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Field experiment was carried to study the effects of operating parameters viz operating pressure, nozzle size and height of riser on performance of tractor operated rain-gun at University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur during 2013-14. Pelican rain-gun with two nozzle size was selected for the study (14, 16 mm). Water application varied from 16.96 to 14.61 for 14 mm nozzle size whereas for 16 mm nozzle it varied from 17.62 to 16.91 mm/h for operating pressure of 3, 4 and 5 kg/cm2. From the study it was observed that riser height influenced the area coverage, water application rate and fuel consumption. As riser height increases, water application decreased, area coverage and uniformity increased.

T Nagesh Kumar and M Veerangouda

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1230-1234
Pramod B Sasvihalli, C Manja Naik* and K Basavaraj
Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur - 584 104, Karnataka, India *University of Agricultural Sciences (GKVK), Bengaluru - 560 065, Karnataka, India
Abstract
The efficacy of bio-agents, botanicals and insecticides in sequential sprays revealed that the chlorpyriphos (0.05%) Sl-NPV (2 ml/lit) recorded high larval reduction of 2.47 and 1.53 per meter row length after first and second sprays, respectively. Wherein, case of least percent of leaf damage was registered in chlorpyriphos (0.05%); Sl-NPV (2 ml/lit) (23.77 and 19.40%) followed by spinetoram (0.02%); Sl-NPV (2 ml/lit) sequential spray (25.83 and 20.47% per meter row length) after first and second spray respectively. Again the chlorpyriphos (0.05%); Sl-NPV (2 ml/lit) and chlorpyriphos (0.05%); A. arabica (5%) proved to be the most cost effective treatments and the C:B ratio was 1: 3.50 and 1: 2.51, respectively.

Pramod B Sasvihalli, C Manja Naik* and K Basavaraj

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1235-1239
Vidya Charan Ratre, S R Patel, A S Nain, J L Chaudhary, Rajesh Khavse and D Naidu
Department of Agrometeorology, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Krishak Nagar, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out at Department of Agrometeorology, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (Chhattisgarh). Simulation model, with its holistic approach to simulate the soil-plant-atmospheric system, is an ideal tool to analyze the impact of different inputs and to suggest the appropriate package and practices. Keeping in mind the importance of crop simulation models, HERMES model was calibrated in Chhattisgarh conditions. The phenology, LAI, biomass and grain yield simulated by model were compared with that observed in the irrigated condition under field situation. Sensitivity analysis was also carried out in different temperature scenarios by increasing or decreasing daily temperature by 1, 2 and 3°C. Results of the sensitivity analysis showed that while increasing the temperature by 1, 2 and 3°C grain yield increased by 8%, 19 % and 25% under irrigated condition, respectively. While, decreasing the temperature by 1, 2 and 3°C grain yield decreased by 17%, 17%, and 21% under irrigated condition respectively. The grain yields were highly affected by changing the temperature in cultivar ARB-8 of rice crop. The conclusions drawn from this study is that crop growth model are very good tools for analyzing the soil-plant-atmospheric system and their interactions. The crop models can provide a frame work for interpreting the output from field experiments and they can be used to explore ways of improving management. HERMES model could simulate the phenological stages, growth and yield of rice which are in fair agreement with the observed phenological stages, growth and yield.

Vidya Charan Ratre, S R Patel, A S Nain, J L Chaudhary, Rajesh Khavse and D Naidu

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1240-1244
B Sivakumar, M Srinivasa Reddy, P Kavitha and S Tirumala Reddy
Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College (ANGRAU), Mahanandi - 518 502, Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2014 to study the influence of different sowing dates and plant densities on yield attributes and yield of soybean. It was comprised of nine treatments with three sowing dates (June 28, July 14 and July 29) as main plot treatments and three row spacing’s (30 cm × 10 cm, 45 cm × 10 cm and 60 cm × 10 cm) as sub plot treatments and replicated thrice. Numbers of pods plant-1 (44.7), number of seeds per pod-1 (2.2), seed yield (1487 kg ha-1), haulm yield (2496 kg ha-1), harvest index (39.1%) and test weight (9.9 g) increased with early sowing on June 28 than delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29. July 14 sown crop was on par to June 28 sown crop. Yield attributes and yield of soybean were inconsistent with different row spacing’s. The highest number of pods plant-1 (48.1), number of seeds per pod-1 (2.1) and test weight (9.9 g) were recorded at a spacing of 60 × 10 cm, highest seed yield (1396 kg ha-1), haulm yield (2386 kg ha-1) and harvest index (39.2%), were recorded at spacing of 30 cm × 10 cm.

B Sivakumar, M Srinivasa Reddy, P Kavitha and S Tirumala Reddy

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1245-1248
Pushpendra Khichi, P M Chandan and Jubin Chauhan
Department of Horticulture, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola - 444 104, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to study the performance of different varieties of garden pea under Akola condition at Department of Horticulture, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra. All varieties exhibited considerable variation in their performance for most of the parameters. Better yield parameters in terms of number of green pod per plant, green pod weight, green pod length, pod yield per plant, green pod yield per plot and green pod yield per ha was noticed in all varieties. In case of number of pods per plant was maximum in PB-89 (16.43) followed by Palam Triloki (13.9) and minimum in Jawahar Matar-2 (9.83). Similarly for pod character, average pod weight, maximum pod weight was recorded in PB-89 (6.12 g) and minimum was recorded in Arka Kartik (3.27g). Length of green pod was highest in variety PB-89 (10.4 cm) followed by Ankur (8.93 cm) and lowest was observed in Jawahar Mater-2 (5.8 cm). Green pod yield per plant was highest in PB-89 (87.93 g), Palam Triloki (75.45 g) and Ankur (68.42 g). Whereas, pod yield per hectare was recorded maximum in PB-89 (93.12 q/ha) followed by Palam Triloki (76.97 q/ha) among all these varieties highest protein and TSS content was recorded in Palam Triloki variety (23.06% and 17.67%, respectively).

Pushpendra Khichi, P M Chandan and Jubin Chauhan

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1249-1252
Pramod B Sasvihalli, C Manja Naik* and K Basavaraj
Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur - 584 104, Karnataka, India *University of Agricultural Sciences (GKVK), Bengaluru - 560 065, Karnataka, India
Abstract
The biological parameters of Spodoptera litura (Fab.) were determined in the present study in laboratory on vegetable and grain soybean, respectively. The duration of egg, larva, pre-pupa and pupal period was lasted for 3.13, 16.36, 1.30 and 8.48 days respectively, on vegetable soybean. Whereas, the egg, larva, pre-pupa and pupal period was completed in 2.04, 14.39, 0.91 and 7.95 days respectively, on grain soybean. The mean total life cycle completed between 29.88 and 32.12 days on vegetable soybean whereas, 27.10 and 30.14 days on grain soybean respectively.

Pramod B Sasvihalli, C Manja Naik* and K Basavaraj

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1253-1257
Narayan Lal Meena and Anila Doshi
Department of Plant Pathology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture (MPUAT), Udaipur - 313 001, Rajasthan, India
Abstract
Among biotic constraints, charcoal rot is an important disease of peanut incited by Rhizoctonia bataticola (Taub.) Butler, creating serious problems in farmers field of Chittorgarh and Udaipur districts in Rajasthan, India. For this, isolation, purification and identification were performed and some oil cakes (in vivo) and fungal bioagents were tested in vitro as well as in vivo. In vitro condition, two antagonistic fungi i e T. harzianum and T. viride significantly reduced the mycelial growth 72.12 and 68.80% of R. bataticola respectively. In vivo condition, talc based formulation of T. harzianum and T. viride @ 6g, 8g and 12 g/kg seed as seed treatment were tested and found that T. harzianum @ 12 g/kg seed gave maximum seed germination (96%) and minimum plant mortality (8.33, 18.18, 33.33% respectively) followed by T. viride at 12g which gave 94% seed germination and 8.51, 18.60 and 37.14 % plant mortality at 15, 35 and 70 days after sowing, respectively. While, T. viride at 6g was found least effective. All the oil cakes significantly reduced the occurrence of charcoal rot incidence in peanut. However, neem cake at 2% w/w of the soil was found to be most effective to enhancing seed germination (95%) and reducing disease incidence followed by pongamia at 2% and mustard cake 2% w/w.

Narayan Lal Meena and Anila Doshi

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1258-1260
Randeep Kushwaha, Padmesh Kundan Sharma and Sonali Deole
Department of Entomology, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
Relative tolerance of six rice varieties (Chandrahasini, Pusa Basmati-1, Swarna, PTB-33, Shyamla and TN-1) grown simultaneously were assessed against rice stem borer .The extent of stem borer egg mass parasitization were also assessed in insecticide free paddy field of Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, Research Farm during kharif 2011. The Telenomus sp. was found as inhabitant and dominant egg parasitoid of rice stem borer egg mass but its activity is density dependent. Maximum affected hills (69.83%) and tillers (63.73%) were found in Chandrahasini, whereas minimum affected hills (28.57%) and affected tillers (16.79%) were found in Swarna variety. Activity of egg parasitoid is seasonally allied; the egg mass size dependent and paddy growth stage specific. The egg parasitization by Telenomus sp. was found maximum in fourth week of October (17.65%). The variety which showed maximum egg parasitization by Telenomus sp. was Chandrahasini with 33.72 percent parasitization while TN-1 showed minimum egg parasitization (14.75%).

Randeep Kushwaha, Padmesh Kundan Sharma and Sonali Deole

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1261-1265
P V Ramesh Babu, Ch Pulla Rao, M Srinivasa Reddy and U V Bhaskar Reddy
Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College, Mahanandi - 518 501, Andhra Pradesh, India Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College, Bapatla - 522 101, Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract
Field experiments were conducted to study the influence of different levels of nitrogen and phosphorus on nutrient uptake, yield and economics of castor in rice fallow castor cropping sequence during 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 on sandy clay loam soil of Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh. The experiment consisted of four nitrogen levels i e 80 kg N ha-1, 120 kg N ha-1, 240 kg N ha-1, green manuring @ 5 t ha-1, three phosphorus levels i e 0, 30 and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 to preceding rice and three fertilizer schedules i e 0 (F1), 50 (F2) and 100% (F3) recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) to succeeding castor. Among all these treatments, application of 240 kg N ha-1 in combination with 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 showed significant residual effect on castor yield , economics and nutrient status , but direct application of 100% RDF to castor significantly increased the grain yield (511 kg ha-1 and 535 kg ha-1), stover yield (628 kg ha-1 and 659 kg ha-1) and nutrient uptake (22.9, 2.0 and 24.2, 5.3 kg ha-1 of N and P, respectively) and economics of castor over other levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and fertilizer schedules during both the years of experimentation.

P V Ramesh Babu, Ch Pulla Rao, M Srinivasa Reddy and U V Bhaskar Reddy

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1266-1270
K T Apet, A S Sayyad, S S Wagh and P G Chavan
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani - 431 402, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) crop has been found severely affected with pineapple diseases caused by Ceratocystis paradoxa, especially at sett germination and initial seedling stage, causing noticeable reduction in final plant stand per unit area and ultimately cane yield losses to the tune of 15 - 20 percent. The pathogen being soil borne and sett borne, preventive measures are of prime importance to manage this pineapple disease (C. paradoxa). Hence present in vitro studies were undertaken. The results obtained on fungicides evaluation revealed systemic fungicides viz Carbendazim, Propiconazole and Hexaconazole with highest average mycelial growth inhibition of 94.44, 94.44 and 91.66 percent, respectively followed by non systemic fungicides Thiram (79.64%) and Captan (77.07%). Among biocontrol agent tested, significantly mycelial was recorded with Trichoderma viride (77.04%), followed by T. harzianum (70.74%) and T. hamatum (69.44%). The all botanical tested, A. sativum was found most fungistatic with significantly highest average mycelial growth inhibition (63.95%), followed by Z. officinale (61.48%) and A. indica (59.75%).

K T Apet, A S Sayyad, S S Wagh and P G Chavan

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1271-1276
B D Kolhe, V K Bhamare, C G Sawant and M N Naik
Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture (Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth), Latur - 413 512, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
Six different insecticides were tested for their persistence and residual toxicity viz Quinalphos 25 EC, Dimethoate 30 EC, Imidacloprid 17.8 SL, Lambda-cyhalothrin 5 EC, Methomyl 40 SP and Emamectin benzoate 5 SG against first and third instar of groundnut leaf miner (Aproaerema modicella Deventer) during kharif 2013. At first spray quinalphos 0.07 percent showed highest PT values of 1409.06 and 1229.00 and LT50 values to the tune of 9.74 and 7.14 days against first and third instar of groundnut leaf miner Aproaerema modicella as compared to other insecticides. Also, at second spray quinalphos 0.07 percent showed highest PT values of 1505.99 and 1316.49 and LT50 values to the tune of 9.26 and 7.10 days against first and third instar of groundnut leaf miner Aproaerema modicella as compared to other insecticides under investigation.

B D Kolhe, V K Bhamare, C G Sawant and M N Naik

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1277-1279
D S Gaddamwad and H N Kamble
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Latur - 413 512, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
Fifty one genotypes of groundnut were screened under field condition for late leaf spot resistance during kharif 2011 at Oilseeds Research Station, College of Agriculture, Lature (Maharashtra). The result of the study indicated that the genotypes TG-58, LGN-125, LGN-126, JUN-27, LGN-153, RHR-GS-060097 AND KGG-115 were resistant to the disease; whereas, 36 genotypes were moderately resistant and 7 genotypes were moderately susceptible to late leaf spot. Among all the genotypes, only JL-24 was found highly susceptible and none of the genotype was found highly resistant or immune to the disease. The groundnut genotypes found resistant and moderately resistant against late leaf spot disease in the present study can be used in breeding programme to develop resistant varieties.

D S Gaddamwad and H N Kamble

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1280-1283
Kamla Desai, C J Tank, R A Gami, A M Patel and Chandrika Patel
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, C. P. College of Agriculture, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar - 385 506, Gujarat, India
Abstract
The research was carried out to study the correlation and path coefficient analysis of 48 different genotypes for yield and nutritional quality characters. Analysis of correlation between different characters suggested that the magnitude of genotypic correlation were higher as compared to their corresponding phenotypic correlations indicated the inherent relationship among the characters. Seed yield per plant exhibited significant positive association with number of effective branches per plant, number of pods per plant and harvest index at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Path co-efficient analysis revealed that the highest positive direct effects for number of effective branches per plant and number of pods per plant towards seed yield. This finding suggested that more emphasis should be given to number of effective branches per plant and number of pods per plant in selection programmes aiming to improve seed yield in chickpea.

Kamla Desai, C J Tank, R A Gami, A M Patel and Chandrika Patel

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1284-1286
V Ramya, K V Prakash, M Veerangouda and T Nagesh Kumar
Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur - 584 104, Karnataka, India
Abstract
The performance of CIAE multipurpose tool carrier has been conducted at the research farm, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur during 2014-15. The performance evaluation of multipurpose tool carrier pulled by a pair of bullocks was evaluated with different implement attachments and the energy assessment involved in operating the multipurpose tool carrier for tillage operations. The average draft of the unit was found to be 686.70, 490.50 and 539.55 KN for ploughing, harrowing and Tillering, respectively. Energy required found to be 98.70, 17.40 and 37.23 MJ/ha for three different field operations viz., ploughing, harrowing and Tillering. The cost of operation was observed to be 60.12, 59.47 and 59.79 Rs/ hr for ploughing, harrowing and Tillering operation, respectively.

V Ramya, K V Prakash, M Veerangouda and T Nagesh Kumar

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1287-1289
Jitendra Kumar, Anoop Kumar Rathore*, D K Dwivedi and Harishankar*
Jitendra Kumar, Anoop Kumar Rathore*, D K Dwivedi and Harishankar*
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Research Farm, Dholi, Pusa during winter of 2011-12, to optimize the N requirements of potato cultivars ‘Kufri Surya’, ‘Kufri Jyoti’ and ‘Kufri Ashoka’ in sandy loam soils. The treatments consisted of three potato varieties (‘Kufri Surya’, ‘Kufri Jyoti’ and ‘Kufri Ashoka’) and five N levels (0 kg N ha-1, 75 kg N ha-1, 150 kg N ha-1, 225 kg N ha-1 and 300 kg N ha-1) were evaluated thrice in split plot design. The variety ‘Kufri Surya’ indicated significant superiority in terms of tuber yield (228.25 q ha-1) resulting in significantly higher net return (₹ 87878.00 ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (1.16). Application of 225 kg N ha-1 resulted in significantly higher tuber yield of 251.80 q ha-1 compared with 300 kg N ha-1. The maximum net return (₹ 100180.00 ha-1) and B:C ratio (1.31) were obtained with application of 225 kg N ha-1.

Jitendra Kumar, Anoop Kumar Rathore*, D K Dwivedi and Harishankar*

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1290-1293
P Baskar
Department of Agronomy, Kumaraguru Institute of Agriculture, Sakthinagar, Erode - 638 501, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
An investigation was carried out in Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during winter seasons of 2012-13 and 2013-14 under irrigated condition to study the influence of crop geometry and drip fertigation on growth and yield of Bt cotton hybrid. The experiment was laid out in a strip plot design and replicated thrice. The treatments comprised of four levels each of crop geometry and fertilizer application. The crop geometry consisted combination of two inter row spacings (120, 150 cm) and two intra row spacing (60, 90 cm) while the major nutrients were applied at 75 percent (S1), 100 percent (S2) and 125 percent (S3) of recommended fertilizer by drip fertigation and the fourth is conventional practice of fertilizer application. Among the crop geometry 120 × 60 cm recorded better growth and yield while application of fertilizer dose of 125% RDF as WSF was found to be optimum higher yield and it was on par with application of 100% RDF. From two years experimentation it can be concluded that adapting the crop geometry of 120 × 90 cm and applying 100 percent recommended fertilizer (150:75:75 kg ha-1) in water soluble form (75% of P as super phosphate and 25% as WSF, 82.5% of N as urea and 17.5% as potassium nitrate and mono ammonium phosphate) through drip irrigation system and also recorded higher net return and B:C ratio.

P Baskar

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1294-1296
K T Apet, A S Sayyad, P G Chavan and S S Wagh
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani - 431 402, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
Present study was attempted to manage pineapple disease with integration of effective fungicides, bioagents, botanicals and organic amendments. Results revealed that all the treatments attempted significantly enhance the setts germination and thereby reduce pre- and post-emergence mortality over untreated control. Significantly highest germination was recorded with combination Carbendazim + T. viride + NSC (@ 1 gm/lit + 50ml + 50 gm/kg soil) and Carbendazim + T. viride (@1 gm/lit + 50 ml/kg soil) each 88.90%. This was followed by the treatments Carbendazim, T. viride and T. viride + NSC (each 83.34%). The percentage reduction in mortality (Pre-emergence setts rot + post-emergence seedling mortality) recorded with all the treatment was ranged from 66.66 to 81.48 percent as against 0.00 percent in untreated control. However, significantly highest reduction in mortality (81.48%) was recorded with the combination of Carbendazim + T. viride + NSC (@ 1 gm/lit + 50ml + 50 gm/kg soil). This was followed by the treatments Carbendazim + T. viride (79.44%) and Carbendazim (77.50%).

K T Apet, A S Sayyad, P G Chavan and S S Wagh

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1297-1300
R Krishna Murthy, S B Yogananda* and K Pushpa*
Department of Soil and Water Management, *Department of Agronomy, Zonal Agricultural Research Station (UAS), V. C. Farm, Mandya - 571 405, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Over the past decade, we have witnessed a growing scarcity and competition for water around the world. As the water demand for domestic, municipal, industrial and environmental purposes rises in the near future, the water availability for agriculture sector gets affected. A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2014 to study the influence of drip fertigation on yield, water use and water use efficiency in aerobic rice at Zonal Agricultural Research Station, V. C. Farm, Mandya, Karnataka. Irrigation @ 150% CPE + DF 125% RDF recorded higher grain yield (49.63 q ha-1), straw yield (51.82 q ha-1) and significantly lower grain yield (32.28 q ha-1) was recorded with irrigation @ 100% CPE + DF 75% RDF. Significantly higher water use efficiency recorded in irrigation @ 100% CPE + DF 125% RDF (55.53 kg ha-cm-1) followed by irrigation @ 100% CPE + DF 100% RDF (54.97 kg ha-cm-1), irrigation @ 125% CPE + DF 125% RDF (52.05 kg-ha cm-1). However, conventional method of flooded condition registered lowest water use efficiency (14.99 kg ha-cm-1).

R Krishna Murthy, S B Yogananda* and K Pushpa*

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1301-1304
M Nithin Krishna, M Srinivasa Reddy, S Tirumala Reddy and P Kavitha*
Department of Agronomy, *Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Agricultural College (ANGRAU), Mahanandi - 518 502, District Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2014 to study the influence of different levels of nitrogen and planting patterns on growth and yield of maize. The experiment was conducted with three levels of nitrogen and six planting patterns. Taller plants were produced by 300 kg N ha-1 which was statistically superior over 200 and 250 kg N ha-1. Progressive increase in LAI and dry matter production (kg ha-1) and yield attributes like cob length (15.8 cm), cob girth (14.6 cm), number of grains per row (27.3) and 100-grain weight (32.67 g) was observed due to increased nitrogen levels from 200 to 300 kg ha-1. Number of rows per cob, shelling percentage and harvest index were not significantly influenced by nitrogen levels. Application of 300 kg N ha-1 produced higher cob, grain and stover yields and also higher net returns than other levels (200 and 250 kg N ha-1). Highest plant height, maximum leaf area index and dry matter production was higher with equidistant row planting at 75 cm on ridges (P2) which was at par with equidistant row planting at 75 cm in flat bed with formation of ridges at 20 DAS (P3) and paired row planting on ridges at 45 cm and between paired rows with 105 cm gap (P5). However with regard to yield parameters higher cob yield, grain yield and net returns were obtained with P2 which was superior over flatbed planting methods (P1 and P4).

M Nithin Krishna, M Srinivasa Reddy, S Tirumala Reddy and P Kavitha*

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1305-1308
Shraddha Neware, D D Jagtap, Bhagyashri Nadkarni and M Miilion Paulos
Department of Horticulture, Post Graduate Institute, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri - 413 722, District Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
The current investigation was undertaken at the orchard of Department of Horticulture, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Maharashtra during 2014. It involved 13 treatments in randomized block design. Application of 2,4-D (20 ppm) + ZnSO4 (1%) + FeSO4 (1%) + MnSO4 (1%) (T4) was found to be more effective in increasing number of fruits per tree, average fruit weight, yield and juice percent. However, the application of NAA (100 ppm) + ZnSO4 (1%) + FeSO4 (1%) + MnSO4 (1%) (T12) was found to be more effective in increasing total soluble solids, ascorbic acid, total sugars and reducing sugars and decrease in acidity percent than control (T13). The maximum non-reducing sugars was recorded in treatment, 2,4-D (20 ppm) + ZnSO4 (0.5%) + FeSO4 (0.5%) + MnSO4 (0.5%) (T3). The minimum number of seeds/fruit was found in treatment T6, GA3 (10 ppm) + ZnSO4 (1%) + FeSO4 (1%) + MnSO4 (1%). It proved the effectiveness of micronutrient and growth regulators in increasing yield and quality of sweet orange.

Shraddha Neware, D D Jagtap, Bhagyashri Nadkarni and M Miilion Paulos

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1309-1313
Pramila Seth, Jitendra Singh, S Patel, S N Dikshit and Sasmita Priyadarsini Dash
Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
The present investigation was conducted at Fruit and Vegetable Processing Laboratory of Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (Chhattisgarh) during the month of June-July, 2014. Matured freshly harvested mango fruits of uniform size were treated with different treatments as post harvest dips for 10 minutes. Then fruits were wrapped with wrapping materials and kept in Corrugated Fiber Board (CFB) boxes at ambient temperature. The fruits treated with different plant extracts and wrapped in different wrapping materials, showed lower and slower rate in physical and chemical changes than control fruits. The fruits dipping in adusha green leaf extract 5% (D4) and brown paper wrapping treatment were found superior with highest number of marketable ripe mango fruits, lowest number of unmarketable ripe mango fruits, higher sugar content, slower increase in TSS, while slower decrease in ascorbic acid and acidity during storage as compare to control (plain water dipping) and chemical treatment (ethylene 750 ppm) and no wrapping of fruits. In respect to interaction effect of treatments, T20 (D4 × W5) adusha leaf extract 5% dipping with brown paper wrapping was found significantly superior for various parameters.

Pramila Seth, Jitendra Singh, S Patel, S N Dikshit and Sasmita Priyadarsini Dash

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1314-1316
S B Galande, B V Garad, B H Nadkarni and S S Kulkarni
Department of Horticulture, Post Graduate Institute, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri - 413 722, District Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
Present investigation was carried out at Instructional-cum-Research Orchard of the Department of Horticulture, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri (Maharashtra), during January to June, 2014. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications and fifteen treatments. The different water soluble fertilizers viz urea, 00:52:34, 19:19:19, 13:00:45, 00:00:50, 13:40:13 and 12:61:00 (1 and 2% each) were used to study their effect on yield and quality. Yield of fruits was maximum (129.60 kg/tree, 12.96 t/ha) in the treatment 13:40:13 (2%). The quality of fruits in terms of TSS and total sugars was significantly influenced by different fertilizers. However, the results were non significant with regard to acidity, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars. The treatment 13:00:45 (2%) improved the quality of fruits in terms of TSS (19.20 °Brix) and total sugars (17.00%). The treatment 13:40:13 (2%) also recorded better TSS (19.00 °Brix) and total sugars (16.00%) as compared to control and most of the other treatments. The overall results indicated that the foliar sprays of fertilizers i e 13:40:13 and 13:00:45 (2% each) were found better for improvement in yield and quality parameters of mango cv. Keshar.

S B Galande, B V Garad, B H Nadkarni and S S Kulkarni

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1317-1319
Randeep Kushwaha, Padmesh Kundan Sharma, Sonali Deole and Hemkant Chandravanshi
Department of Entomology, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
Buprofezin + Acephate @ 1000 gm ha-1 proved best among all the tested newer insecticide formulations to reduced dead heart percentage, White head percentage and recorded more yield. While among the treated splits, Acephate @ 592 gm ha-1, Monocrown @ 1390 ml ha-1 and Buprofezin @ 800 gm ha-1 showed significantly the highest infestation percent dead hearts, white heads and recorded least yield, respectively. More infestation percent decreased over the control was recorded from the Buprofezin + Acephate @ 1000 gm ha-1 while, less infestation percent over the control was recorded from the Acephate @ 592 gm ha-1 and Monocrown @ 1390 ml ha-1, respectively for dead heart percent and white head percent. In case of both dead heart percentage and white head percentage all the newer insecticide formulations were significant over control.

Randeep Kushwaha, Padmesh Kundan Sharma, Sonali Deole and Hemkant Chandravanshi

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1320-1323
Mahesh S Pujar, P Raghavendra* and Suma C Mogali
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad - 580 005, Karnataka, India *University of Agricultural Sciences (GKVK), Bengaluru - 560 065, Karnataka, India
Abstract
In the present study, 121 linseed genotypes consisting of high yielding linseed varieties from NBPGR, Germplasm Exchange Division, New Delhi, University of Agricultural Sciences Raichur, Karnataka and CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Palampur, H.P. These germplasm lines were raised at MARS Dharwad during rabi 2012 to identify diverse genotypes. They were evaluated for eight yield and yield attributing characters using D2 analysis, to study the diversity pattern among the genotypes. Based on the analysis, the genotypes were grouped into 15 clusters. Maximum number of 36 and 34 genotypes were grouped under cluster I and II respectively, while cluster IV, III and VI having 21, 14 and 4 genotypes respectively. Cluster VIII and XV had two genotypes each. Further clusters V, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII and XIV were found to have one genotype each. Maximum inter cluster D2 value was observed between cluster III and cluster VIII (55.87) followed by cluster VII and VIII (55.01). The greater the distance between the two clusters indicates wider the genetic diversity between genotypes. Hence, the genotypes in cluster III viz EC-1543,EC-1475, EC-41762, IC-53294, SURBHI, IC-96559, EC-41623, IC-53279, IC-53291, EC-41755, HIM ALSI-2, IC-96594, HIM ALSI-1 and IC-53292 had wider diversity with varieties PKV and NL-97 in cluster VIII. These lines may be utilized in further breeding programme for the exploitation of maximum hybrid vigour. The intra cluster distance was maximum in cluster IV (D = 12.32), followed by cluster III (D = 11.27) and cluster II (D = 11.1) indicates hybridization involving genotypes within the same clusters may result in good cross combinations. Among the ten traits studied, maximum contribution was made by number of capsule per plant in each genotype showed highest contribution (41.09%) followed by oil yield per plant, (16.35%), 1000 seed weight (13.02%), seed yield per plant (11.07%). Hence, number of capsule per plant, oil yield per plant, 1000 seed weight and seed yield per plant contributed 81.53 percent towards total divergence. Therefore, these characters may be given importance during hybridization programme.

Mahesh S Pujar, P Raghavendra* and Suma C Mogali

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1324-1327
Sowmya, M N Sreenivasa and S B Nagaraj
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad - 580 005, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Red chillies throughout the world are used as spice on account of their pungency, fascinating red colour and distinct flavour. Chillies exhibit different shades of red colour and fruits having shining blood red colour fetch the highest price. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and some phosphorus solubilizing bacteria like Pseudomonas can be instrumental in obtaining phosphorus from organic matter and mineral forms by increasing the diffusion zone around roots and by the production of phosphatase enzymes. The dual inoculation of Glomus macrocarpum and the best compatible biocontrol agent, Pseudomonas fluorescens to be a superior consortium of microorganism for inoculating Capsicum annuum. Inoculation with such a microbial consortium results in healthy and vigorously growing chilli crop. This technology, being simple and eco-friendly can be adopted easily by any farmer.

Sowmya, M N Sreenivasa and S B Nagaraj

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1328-1331
Tulasi Guru, N Veronica, P R Rao* and V Padma
Department of Crop Physiology, Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India *Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Abstract
Salinity is one of the severe environmental stresses which impair rice production. The present study focused on effects of salinity on chlorophyll content and growth parameters in different salt concentrations that is 0 (control), 60Mm NaCl and 120mM NaCl in rice genotypes. Increase in the levels of salinity led to a reduction in the chlorophyll a, b and ultimately in total chlorophyll content. Besides, there was a reduction in seedling length also. The genotypes Swarnamukhi and Vikas exhibited better survival response to salinity. Tolerant genotypes showed lower reduction in SPAD and total chlorophyll contents. Fresh weight reduced with increase in salinity level irrespective of genotypes; however the reduction was lesser in tolerant genotype than sensitive genotype.

Tulasi Guru, N Veronica, P R Rao* and V Padma

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1332-1336
Vijesh Kumar Sharma, Rajesh Tiwari and Preeti Chouhan
Department of Fruit Science, K. N. K. College of Horticulture (RVSKVV Gwalior), Mandsaur - 458 002, Madhya Pradesh, India
Abstract
The results were obtained from the investigation shows that the individual application of nitrogen and phosphorus significantly influence the growth, yield and quality parameters of guava. The maximum increase in plant height (0.47 m), canopy spread in N-S direction (0.98 m), canopy spread in E-W direction (0.98 m) and the minimum days taken to flower initiation (27.19), minimum days taken to 50% flowering (13.56), maximum fruit setting percentage (64.12%), maximum fruit weigh (183.58 g), yield per tree (50.69 kg) and number of fruits per tree (274.70) was recorded in N2 (600 g N/tree). In the application of phosphorus, the maximum increase in plant height (0.42 m), canopy spread in N-S direction (0.86 m), canopy spread in E-W direction (0.88 m) and minimum days taken to flower initiation (29.15) and 50% flowering (14.33) was recorded in P2 (400 g P2O5/tree) which was significantly superior to the control. The interaction of N and P had significant effect on canopy spread, minimum days taken to flower initiation (25.89), fruits per plant and yield per tree as compared to control. In the NP interaction maximum ascorbic acid content (206.433 mg) and pectin content (0.830%) in N2P2, total sugars (7.987%) in N1P2, reducing sugar (4.253%) in N1P0 and non-reducing sugar (4.097%) was recorded in N2P0.

Vijesh Kumar Sharma, Rajesh Tiwari and Preeti Chouhan

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1337-1339
Hemraj Meena and Narendra Swaroop
Department of Soil Science, Allahabad School of Agriculture, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad - 211 007, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted on effect of different levels of inorganic fertilizers and rhizobium on growth and yield of pea during rabi season 2013-14 at the Research Farm of Soil Science, Allahabad, U.P. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications, with 3 × 3 factorial randomized block design, consistence of nine treatment it was observed that the best findings were reported for pea growth and yield in treatment T8 L2R2 (N30 P60 K40 kg ha-1 and 20 g Rhizobium kg seed-1), maximum plant height 47.20 (cm), maximum number of leaves plant-1 18.40, maximum number of branches plant-1 12.20, maximum number of nodules plant-1 9.26, maximum number of pods plant-1 19.32, maximum number of seed pod-1 7.83, maximum protein content 24.99 (%) and maximum green pod yield 86.42 (q ha-1) respectively, plant height (cm), branches plant-1, nodules plant-1, pods plant-1, seed pod-1 and green pod yield were found to be significant, but number of leaves plant-1 and protein content (%), were found to be non-significant. The maximum cost benefit ratio was recorded treatment T8 L2R2 (N30 P60 K40 kg ha-1 & 20 g rhizobium kg-1 seed) as 1:2.68, was at higher than any other treatment combination. Adequate plant nutrient supply holds the key for improving the food grain production and sustaining soil fertility.

Hemraj Meena and Narendra Swaroop

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1340-1343
A S Takate, Sheetal R Tatpurkar and A B Rajguru
Zonal Agricultural Research Station, Krishak Bhavan 97, Raviwar Peth, Near DAV College, Solapur - 413 002, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted on impact of rainwater management techniques on soil moisture, moisture use efficiency and yield of rabi sorghum under dryland condition during kharif and rabi at Dry Farming Research Station, Solapur. The experiment was laid out in non replicated trial with different rain water management techniques. The pooled results revealed that among the various rain water management techniques, contour ploughing and opening of ridges and furrows in kharif season with three hoeing at 3rd, 5th and 8th weeks after sowing of rabi sorghum treatment recorded highest grain and stover yield (9.94 and 29.62 q ha-1 respectively), soil moisture (113.4 mm) followed by contour ploughing and opening of ridges and furrows in kharif season and organic mulch @ 5 t ha-1 to rabi sorghum. The economic indicators like gross monetary returns, net returns per ha (₹ 21003 and ₹ 7426, respectively) and B:C ratio (1.51) was found maximum with contour ploughing and opening of ridges and furrows in kharif season with 3 hoeing at 3rd, 5th and 8th week after sowing of rabi sorghum.

A S Takate, Sheetal R Tatpurkar and A B Rajguru

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1344-1347
D S Gaddamwad and H N Kamble*
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Latur - 413 512, Maharashtra, India *Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani - 431 402, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
The effect of different sowing dates on late leaf spot of three groundnut cultivars was studied in relation to weather parameters. Disease severity was significantly influenced by the time of sowing and cultivars, which directly affected the pod yield and test weight in groundnut. The mean disease severity was found to be maximum on the crop sown on 1st July followed by the crop sown on 15th June, 16th July, 1st August and 16th August. Among three cultivars of groundnut, Cv. JL-24 was found most susceptible with maximum severity followed by TLG-45 and TAG-24 which found moderately resistant to the disease. The early sown crop was found to suffer more with the late leaf spot disease compared to the crop sown later. These may be due to the congenial environmental conditions and high inoculum load available during month of August and September.

D S Gaddamwad and H N Kamble*

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1348-1351
Gorkshanath Atre, D P Ulemale, P S Dahiwelkar and G D Mate
Plant Pathology Section, College of Agriculture (Dr. PDKV), Nagpur - 422 001, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
The present investigation entitled Management of tuber rot of tuber of tuberose was conducted during kharif season 2013-14 at plant Pathology Section, College of Agriculture, Nagpur. The association of Fusarium solani was found in the tuber rot disease of tuberose. Koch’s Postulates and pathogenicity were proved by adopting soil inoculation technique. The test fungus was pathogenic to tuberose which recorded 70 per cent rotting in tuberose. Duel culture revealed that Trichoderma harzianum was the most effective and inhibited mycelial growth 83.38 per cent at 7th day followed by T. viride 81.67 per cent inhibition than Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis. In pot culture experiment the T. viride @ 100 g lit-1bulb dip recorded 16.33 per cent tuber rot incidence and controlled 75.50 per cent disease over control resulting maximum spike plant-1 (3.33), florets spike-1 (33.00), spike length (92.67 cm) and bulb weight (20.66 g).

Gorkshanath Atre, D P Ulemale, P S Dahiwelkar and G D Mate

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1352-1355
Umesh Sahu and K P Verma
Department of Plant Pathology, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 006, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
Effect of temperature, RH level, pH level, light colour and types of media were tested against the mycelial growth of Alternaria sesami under in-vitro conditions. The results of experiment indicated that the growth of A. sesami was maximum in temperature range of 25 to 30°C, pH range of 6 to 7 and RH range of 90 to 100%. The exposure of fungus to violet colour of light followed by blue resulted in the maximum mycelial growth of A. sesami compared to unwrap of coloured gelatin paper (control). Among the different media tested, PDA medium supported significantly the maximum growth followed by PDA with 50% dextrose. Further, the cultural characters viz colony and substrate colour, margin, topography, zonation, colony diameter (mm) and sporulation varied among the different media.

Umesh Sahu and K P Verma

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1356-1360
B D Kolhe, V K Bhamare and C G Sawant
Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture (Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth), Latur - 413 512, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
The lable claimed insecticides were evaluated for their persistence and residual toxicity against groundnut jassids. All the evaluated insecticides proved toxic for Empoasca kerri Pruthi under laboratory conditions. The highest persistence toxicity was exhibited by imidacloprid 0.003 percent to the nymphs and adults of Empoasca kerri in term of PT values to the extent of 1459.63, 1431.49 and 1382.47, 1283.94 at first and second spray, respectively. On the basis of LT50 values imidacloprid 0.003 per cent persisted in biologically active stage to the highest extent of 9.26, 8.77 and 6.83, 9.73 days against nymph and adult of Empoasca kerri at first and second spray, respectively. Imidacloprid 0.003 percent concentration showed comparatively higher percentage mortality and residual toxicity against nymph and adult of Empoasca kerri.

B D Kolhe, V K Bhamare and C G Sawant

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1361-1363
Danveer Sahu, Nandan Mehta, Rajeev Shrivastava and Mayuri Sahu
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012 Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
Analysis of twelve characters under study viz days to 50% flowering, number of primary branches/plant, number of capsules/plant, capsule size, number of seeds/capsule, seed weight, days to maturity, biological yield, harvest index and seed yield/plant exhibited existence of variability significant at 1% significant level, whereas plant height had significant at 5% probability level and seed size was not significant. This indicated existence sufficient variability among the genotypes for the mentioned characters and sufficient scope for development of genotypes. The high phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of variation were recorded for seed yield/plant followed by number of primary branches/plant harvest index, number of capsules/plant. High heritability estimates were recorded for plant seed yield/plant followed by number of seeds/capsule, harvest index, seed weight and number of primary branches/plant. The present investigation revealed that high heritability with high genetic advance were recorded for the characters viz seed yield/plant, followed by harvest index, seed weight, days to maturity, biological yield. Selection for these traits is likely to accumulate more additive genes leading to further improvement of performance of genotypes.

Danveer Sahu, Nandan Mehta, Rajeev Shrivastava and Mayuri Sahu

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1364-1366
Kalyani Sarap, S D Chavan and A G Sarnaek
Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairy Science, Post Graduate Institute, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola - 444 101, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
A feeding management experiment was conducted to determine the effect of green maize and anjan tree leaves on the performance of crossbred heifers. Fifteen crossbred heifers of 7 to 26 months age and 79 kg average initial body weight were divided into three equal groups (T1) having green maize (Zea mays) + jawar straw + concentrate, (T2) 40:60 anjan tree leaves (Hardwickia binata roxb.) + green maize + jawar straw + concentrate and (T3) 60:40 anjan tree leaves (Hardwickia binata roxb.) + green maize + jawar straw + concentrate respectively. The trial was conducted with the help of factorial randomized block design (FRBD). The week wise performance of all the 15 animals during the study period of seventeen weeks for the characters body weight, chest girth, body length and the characters related to feed and water intake as DMI, CPI and average daily water consumption was studied with an intention to know the input and output performance, its growth and consistency in it. The exponential trend was fitted with time as an independent variable. The significance of growth performance was tested at 5 and 1 percent level of significance.

Kalyani Sarap, S D Chavan and A G Sarnaek

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1367-1370
Narayan Lal Meena, Anila Doshi and Ram Dayal Meena
Department of Plant Pathology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur - 313 001, Rajasthan, India
Abstract
The relationship between environmental factors viz air temperature, soil temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and sunshine, cloudiness and development of disease was studied during kharif 2010 and 2011. It was found that increase in air as well as soil temperature favours the development of disease. The coefficient of correlation worked out between maximum, minimum and mean temperature of air and soil and plant mortality was positive with values of 0.547, 0.814, 0.939 and 0.190, 0.796, 0.906 and 0.810, 0.920, 0.906 and 0.961, 0.993 during 2010 and 2011, respectively. The plant mortality of groundnut was maximum (28.20 and 29.80%) when the air as well as soil temperature was maximum (34.30°C, 29.50°C and 39.15°C, 34.40°C) in both the years 2010 and 2011. However, high relative humidity didn’t favours the disease development and when relative humidity was lowest (41.5 and 63.15%) then the disease development was highest (28.20 and 29.8%). The coefficient of correlation between disease development and relative humidity was negative but non-significant during both the years. Rainfall did not show any specific pattern on the disease development. However, the coefficient of correlation was positive but non-significant. It may affect the soil moisture and ultimately the development of disease which was maximum in moisture stress condition.

Narayan Lal Meena, Anila Doshi and Ram Dayal Meena

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1371-1374
Tulasi Guru, Ramesh Thatikunta and P R Rao*
Department of Crop Physiology, Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India *Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to know the physiological characterization of rice genotypes at maximum tillering and panicle initiation stages where most of the crop production is dependent on early vegetative growth. Physiological characters we evaluated on seven rice genotypes viz IET 20979, IET 21007, IET 21106, IET 21114, IET 21519, IET 21540 and Rasi. LAI values were recorded maximum in Rasi followed by IET 21114 and IET 20979. Maximum SCMR values were identified in IET 21007 followed by IET 21106 and IET 21519. Maximum leaf thickness was observed in Rasi followed by IET 21114. Maximum leaf dry weights were noticed in Rasi followed by IET 21114 and maximum TDM and culm dry weights were recorded in Rasi followed by IET 21007.

Tulasi Guru, Ramesh Thatikunta and P R Rao*

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1375-1380
M R A Manimala and S P Sundaram
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural College and Research Institute (TNAU), Madurai - 625 104, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to study the possibility of enhancing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi root infection in the co inoculation of Methylobacterium sp. isolates obtained in the present study. The experiment was carried out with methylobacterial isolates such as Methylobacterium sp. LE1, Methylobacterium sp. AI1 were co inoculated with AM fungi to find out mycorrhizal root colonization on tomato plant. From the above findings, treatment such as T5 (Methylobacterium sp. LE1 + AM fungi ) followed by T6 (Methylobacterium sp. AI1 + AM fungi) responding better for combined inoculation which resulted in a significant increase in shoot length, root length, chlorophyll content compared to untreated control plants. In addition the combined inoculation of (Methylobacterium sp LE1 + AM fungi) resulted in significantly higher nutrient uptake of plant compared to uninoculated controls. A perfect mutualism among Methylobacterium sp LE1, AI1 which was co inoculated with AM fungi was found to improve growth parameters, enhancing nutrient uptake and achieving high yield.

M R A Manimala and S P Sundaram

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1381-1383
Shazia Mirza, P K Jain, S K Pandey, A S Gontia and H L Sharma
Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur - 482 004, Madhya Pradesh, India
Abstract
Production of fruit crops has undergone enormous change in recent years due to development of innovative technologies including integrated nutrient management practices using organic manures and biofertilizers. The study was carried out on 4 years old pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cv. Bhagwa to investigate the conjoint efficiency of bio-organics used along with chemical fertilizers on nutrient uptake, leaf area and chlorophyll- content of plants.

Shazia Mirza, P K Jain, S K Pandey, A S Gontia and H L Sharma

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1384-1387
T Kranthi Kumar and M K Sharma
Division of Fruit Science, S. K. University of Agricultural Science and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar – 191 121, Srinagar, J & K, India
Abstract
Response of GA3 and it combination with urea phosphate and BA on berry chemical parameters in grape cv. Thompson seedless was evaluated. Ten treatments of GA3 in combination with urea phosphate and BA at different concentrations and control (water spray) were applied at two stages that were pre bloom and berry set. All the bioregulator and chemical treatments proved effective in improving berry chemical parameters over control. Among all the treatments, application of 40 ppm GA3 at pre-bloom and again at berry set stage proved more effective in enhancing fruit chemical parameters such as TSS, Titrable acidity, total sugars and sugar acid ratio. This it may be concluded that the application of plant growth regulators viz GA3, BA and a chemical urea phosphate at pre-bloom and berry set stages influenced the berry chemical parameters and storage changes after 7 days under ambient conditions.

T Kranthi Kumar and M K Sharma

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1388-1390
Polepongu Srilatha and S G Borkar
Department of Plant Pathology and Agriculture Microbiology, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri - 413 722, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
The occurrence of post-harvest fungal pathogens on fruits is becoming a serious problem in humid climatic conditions, particularly in transit and storage. The post harvest fruit fungal pathogens particularly Penicillium, Rhizopus, Aspergillus and Alternaria are predominant and more damaging. The use of probiotics against plant pathogens is altogether a new concept of the authors and therefore in vitro effect of probiotics on post harvest fruit fungal pathogen was assessed by two assessment techniques. It was evident that dual culture broth technique was most effective to assess the efficacy of probiotics against the post-harvest pathogens. However the disk assay method was not found effective to assess the antagonist activity of probiotics against the post-harvest pathogens. The commercial probiotics Darolac, Sacro and Sporocheck inhibited the growth of post-harvest pathogens Penicillium and Alternaria, but could not inhibit the growth of post-harvest pathogen Rhizopus. However, the MPKV probiotic was effective in inhibiting the growth of Penicillium, Rhizopus, Aspergillus and Alternaria.

Polepongu Srilatha and S G Borkar

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1391-1393
Rohatash Singh Bhadouria, T K Singh and A Haldar
Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwavidyalaya Race Course Road, Gwalior - 474 002, Madhya Pradesh, India
Abstract
The investigation at the experimental farm at Fruit Research Station Kuthulia (F.R.S.) Rewa, Madhya Pradesh was carried out during the Kharif season of 2009-10 under the edaphic and climatic condition of Rewa, M.P. Significant variation was observed in growth and yield attributes are use various spacing methods i e 30 × 20 cm, 45 × 20 cm. and 60 × 20 cm. Growth attributes i e plant height, number of leaves per plant, length of leaves, breadth of leaves, number of clumps per plant, length of clumps per plant were recorded periodically at 30 days intervals up to 150 days of planting all these parameters were significantly higher with spacing 60 × 20 cm. The increasing spacing between rows up to 60 × 20 cm encouraged the weight of primary rhizomes, weight of secondary rhizomes per plant and the fresh weight of rhizomes per plant up to significant extent. The maximum weight of primary rhizomes was 23.66 gm, weight of secondary rhizomes 30.92 gm per plant and fresh weight of rhizomes was up to 80.65 gm per plant. The combined influence of ridge bed method with 60 × 20 cm spacing further augmented this entire yield attributing parameters synergistically as compared to their separate application. The weight of primary and secondary rhizome was 24.15 and 31.65 gm respectively and fresh weight of rhizome was 29-39 gm/plant.

Rohatash Singh Bhadouria, T K Singh and A Haldar

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1394-1396
P K Yadav, M S Parihar, P Barde and A Haldar
Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwavidyalaya Race Course Road, Gwalior - 474 002, Madhya Pradesh, India
Abstract
The experiment was carried out during kharif season of 2012-2013 at Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, R.A.K. College of Agriculture (RVSKVV), Sehore, Madhya Pradesh. The treatments consisted of three MH levels, three GA3 levels and one control. These treatments were sown in factorial randomized block design with three replications. Phenological characters i e days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to first picking and days to maturity. Yield characters i e number of fruits per plants, fruit length (cm), fruit girth (mm), fruit weight (g), fruit yield per plant (g), fruit yield per plant (kg) and fruit yield per ha (q/ha) was observed. The significantly maximum days to first flowering (35 days), days to 50% flowering (40 days), days to first picking (45 days), days to maturity (93.33 days), number of fruits per plants (21.30), fruit length (13.31 cm), fruit girth (17.01 mm), fruit weight (10.85 g), fruit yield per plant (226 g), fruit yield per plant (4.060 kg) and fruit yield per ha (125.29 q/ha) was observed in the treatment T9 (M3G3 100ppm MH + 60ppm GA3) and minimum value in the same parameters (38.66 days, 46.00 days, 50.33 days, 89.00 days, 12.23, 10.42 cm, 14.35 mm, 7.20 g, 146.00, 2.620 kg and 80.85 q/ha) was observed in the treatment T10 (Control).

P K Yadav, M S Parihar, P Barde and A Haldar

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1397-1399
C Madhusudan Nayak, M Ramachandra and V B Chandankumar
Department of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences (GKVK), Bengaluru - 560 065, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Simarouba (Simarouba glauca L.) belongs to the family Simarubaceae. It grows very rapidly in different climatic conditions. The nutlets contain about 40% kernel. Kernels contain 55-65% oil. Simarouba is one of the promising bio-fuel trees which have a potential to become a new source of bio-oil. The oilcake which is rich in nitrogen (8%), phosphorus (1.1%) and potash (1.2%) is good organic manure. The shells of the simarouba are very hard and difficult to break. The present method involves the breaking of the nutlets by hand beating with stone bars or metal rods, by keeping the nutlet on a hard surface. This method is tedious and time consuming. Manual decortication of nutlets causes delay in obtaining the kernels. To overcome above problem the decorticator was developed it consists of a rocking type threshing bar with a concave. Two types of threshing bars used namely peg tooth and rasp bar. Three threshing bars are attached to two flats in a semicircular shape to establish shear and compression force to the nutlets. The study showed that the nutlets of 4% m.c. with the peg tooth type of threshing bar having a clearance of 7 mm, provided a higher decortication efficiency of 93.8% and had a capacity of 6.6 Kg/h with a better whole kernel recovery.

C Madhusudan Nayak, M Ramachandra and V B Chandankumar

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1400-1402
Rajshree Shukla, Nandan Mehta and Ritu R Saxena
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
The experiment has been carried out to study correlation and path analysis in linseed (Linum usitatissimum). The experimental materials consists of 152 linseed germplasm including 4 checks were evaluated in augmented block designs having four blocks during 2013-14 under utera conditions at experimental farm of All India Coordinated Research Project on Linseed, Department of Genetics and plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh. The data were recorded on five competitive plants for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, seed per capsule, 1000 seed weight (gm) and seed yield (gm/plant). Seed yield per plant showed significant and positive correlation with number of capsules per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of primary branches per plant, 1000 seed weight (gm) and number of seed per capsule. Path analysis indicated that number of capsules per plant (0.5934) exhibited high direct positive effect on seed yield signifying the importance of this trait while selecting for improvement of seed yield of linseed.

Rajshree Shukla, Nandan Mehta and Ritu R Saxena

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1403-1405
Kotramma C Addangadi, S I Harlapur and Basamma R Hadimani
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharawad - 580 005, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Curvularia leaf spot is a major disease of maize. It causes 20-60 percent yield loss. Since many species of Curvularia are involved in causing curvularia leaf spot of maize, so study was conducted to know the etiology of curvularia leaf spot. The pathogenicity of the fungus was proved and based on the morphological characters the pathogen was identified as Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn. The percent spore germination of Curvularia lunata was studied on four treatments at different time intervals. Significantly maximum conidial germination (98.33%) was recorded in both sucrose solution and host leaf extract after 12 hours of incubation period which was followed by tap water (94.33%) and the minimum spore germination was recorded in distilled water (91.00%). Among all the treatments tested sucrose and host leaf extracts were found to be the best for spore germination.

Kotramma C Addangadi, S I Harlapur and Basamma R Hadimani

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1406-1409
Pradeepthi Lenkala, K Radha Rani and N Sivaraj*
Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture, Dr. Y. S. R. Horticultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India *National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India
Abstract
Ever increasing population especially in developing countries like India require alternate available sources of energy and nutrition. Production of traditional leguminous crops in these countries has not adequately met the energy and nutritional requirements of growing population. Exploitation of wild or under exploited legumes is necessary to combat Protein-Energy-Malnutrition (PEM). Hence, this study has been under taken to assess the available genotypes of Jack bean an underexploited vegetable crop for their nutritional quality at NBPGR Regional station, Rajendranagar during kharif 2013 (August 2013 to February 2014). The results revealed that significant differences were observed among the genotypes for all the nutritional characters studied. Out of fifteen genotypes, PSR 12202 was found superior in terms of protein (20.80%), magnesium (0.36%), calcium (0.75%), sodium (0.07%) and potassium (4.22%) content followed by NS/2009/053 for protein (20.7%) and phosphorus (0.29%) content while, the genotype IC-32881 was recorded highest iron (100.80 mg kg-1) content. Among the genotypes studied NS/2009/053 and RJR-529 were superior in terms of seed length, seed breadth, seed thickness and 100 seed weight. Hence, these superior genotypes may be further tested in multi location trials and can be recommended for commercial cultivation to meet the nutritional requirement.

Pradeepthi Lenkala, K Radha Rani and N Sivaraj*

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1410-1412
R S Pavithra, B M Reddy, S B Nagaraj* and D M Preethi
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences (GKVK), Bengaluru - 560 065, Karnataka, India *Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Organic Farming Research Centre, University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Navile, Shimoga - 577 225, Karnataka, India
Abstract
An extensive field survey that was carried out in cucumber growing areas in and around Bengaluru during 2012 revealed that M. incognita was predominant in occurrence followed by Helicotylenchus spp., Pratylenchus spp. and Rotylenchulus spp. Maximum population of M. incognita in soil (412/200cc soil) and root (105/5 g root) was recorded in Peruru of Chikballapur taluk, Bengaluru followed by Rajankunte of Doddaballapur taluk.

R S Pavithra, B M Reddy, S B Nagaraj* and D M Preethi

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1413-1414
M Bhargavi
Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Dapoli - 415 712, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
The present investigations were undertaken on laboratory studies of Trichogramma japonicum (Ashmead) during the year 2013-2014 in the Bio-control laboratory, Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Dapoli (Maharashtra). The results of effect of different hosts on parasitisation potential of T. japonicum revealed that the percent parasitisation and per cent adult emergence of T. japonicum was found maximum on C. cephalonica eggs followed by S. litura and H. armigera eggs.

M Bhargavi

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 6 - Issue : 6 ; 1415-1416
A Krishna Murthy, G Dhanalakshmi and Daida Krishna*
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Yagantipalle, Banaganapalle, District Kurnool - 518 124, Andhra Pradesh, India *Department of Poultry Science, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India
Abstract
A trial was conducted to assess the effect of azolla as supplemental feed on body weight gain in Rajasri birds at backyards. 110 rajasri birds of Six weeks age was selected from 11 farmers of Yagantipalle, Pasurupadu and Sanjamala villages of Kurnool district (Andhra Pradesh) for this investigation. Azolla units were established with the size of 9' × 6' covered with silpaulin, and side walls made with bricks or excavated soil to yield 800 grams of supplemental feed per day. Azolla collected from the ponds was fed to the treatment group @ 50 gm/day. Data on body weight was recorded initially and monthly up to 4 months. Body weight gain in 120 days in treatment and control groups were 922.16 ± 20.08g and 1467.69 ± 30.37g respectively. The results indicated that significant improvement in body weight gain on supplemental feeding of azolla to Rajasri birds at backyards. The study concluded that additional feeding of Azolla @ 50 g/day was improved the body weight gain in Rajasri birds at backyards. The study on egg production performance on azolla supplementation has to be conducted.

A Krishna Murthy, G Dhanalakshmi and Daida Krishna*

| Published online : 01-Feb-2016