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P- ISSN: 0976-1675
E- ISSN: 2249-4538

© CARAS (Centre for Advanced Research in Agricultural Sciences)
NAAS Score: 4.56

Volume - 7 - May-June 2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 473-481
N Z Rehman and Masrat Maqbool
Division of Soil Science, S. K. University of Agricultural Sciences and techmology of Kashmir, Shalimar - 191 121, Srinagar, J & K, India
Abstract
Soil quality is conceptualized as the major linkage between the strategies for agricultural conservation management practices and achievement of the major goals of sustainable agriculture. Soil biological properties respond quickly and have been suggested better indicators than soil physical and chemical properties which alter only after drastic change in soil quality. Soil biological components occupy only 0.5% volume of soil and usually constitute up to 10% of soil organic matter (SOM). Strategies for improvement in soil biological properties requires understanding of numerous interactions among soil biological community and diversity, climate, soil type, plant species and soil management practices. Organic matter through crop residues at the soil surface, root and cover crops, animal manure, green manure, compost and other sources, improve biological properties of soil. Tillage enhances bacterial growth in the short-term by aerating the soil and by thoroughly mixing the organic matter with bacteria and soil. A single tillage event is generally inconsequential to microorganisms, but repeated tillage eventually reduces the amount of soil organic matter that fuels the soil food web. Cropping systems and crop rotation influence the microbial biomass by putting a different food source into the soil each year. Cover crops extend the growing season and increase the amount of roots and above-ground growth that becomes part of soil. As with other crops, the rhizosphere of a cover crop provides food for bacteria when food sources would otherwise be scarce. Balanced fertilization is in general, promotes the soil microbial counts and biological properties. Inoculation with soil beneficial organisms, such as nitrogen fixing bacteria, blue green algae and mycorrhiza in general have shown to enhance the soil health, plant nutrient uptake, aggregation, soil structure and porosity and heavy metal tolerance. Soil organisms require some specific soil conditions for their growth and functioning e g pH.

N Z Rehman and Masrat Maqbool

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 482-486
R Veere Gowda, *Das Ratan, *Ambrish, *G K Halesh and *J Lichamo
Division of Vegetable Crops, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bengaluru - 560 089, Karnataka, India College of Horticulture (University of Horticultural Sciences), Bengaluru - 560 065, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Thirty-one genotypes including one check varieties (Arka Pragati) were evaluated for yield and quality parameters at Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka during kharif season, 2014-15. In respect to yield quit promising result was observed. Maximum total yield and maximum marketable yield was recorded in variety PBR-14-68 (52.27 t/ha; 38.70 t/ha) followed by PBR-14-107 (39.70 t/ha; 38.10 t/ha). Genotype PBR-14-69 had highest equatorial diameter (5.13 cm) and polar diameter (5.27 cm) along with narrow neck thickness (0.66 cm), high number of ring (7.77 nos.) with no split bulb and bolted bulb. Height ten bulb weight was observed in PBR-14-11 (850 g). An early maturing genotype, PBR-14-97 had been isolated which mature by 83 days only, having 22.41 t/ha total yield and 20.19 t/ha marketable yield. Highest plant height was recorded in PBR-14-92 (74.60 cm). On the other hand maximum number of leaf was observed in PBR-14-28 (11.3 nos.).

R Veere Gowda, *Das Ratan, *Ambrish, *G K Halesh and *J Lichamo

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 487-491
R Naresha, P Laxminarayana, K B Suneetha Devi and V Sailaja
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India
Abstract
The field experiment was conducted at College farm, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during rabi 2013-14 to study the influence of three moisture regimes viz 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 IW/CPE ratios and five phosphogypsum fertilizer levels viz Control (500 kg ha-1 gypsum at flower initiation), Phosphogypsum @ 250 kg ha-1 at flower initiation, Phosphogypsum @ 250 kg ha-1 (½ as basal and ½ at flower initiation), Phosphogypsum @ 500 kg ha-1 (½ as basal and ½ at flower initiation), Phosphogypsum @ 500 kg ha-1 at flower initiation and was replicated thrice. Among moisture regimes and phosphogypsum levels highest yield and yield attributes recorded with 1.0 IW/CPE ratio moisture regime and with Phosphogypsum @ 500 kg ha-1 at flower initiation respectively. The highest measured applied irrigation water was 267 ha.mm with 1.0 IW/CPE ratio treatment followed by 0.8 IW/CPE ratio and 0.6 IW/CPE ratio with five, four and three irrigations. The highest (472.2 mm) crop ETc was recorded with 1.0 IW/CPE ratio compared to other treatments. The highest crop coefficient value recorded at flowering- pegging and pod initiation stage (41-90 DAS) of crop compared to other vegetative (0-40 DAS) and pod filling to maturity (91-128 DAS) stages. Among the moisture regimes 0.8 IW/CPE ratio recorded significantly higher field water use efficiency and but highest crop water use efficiency was observed under 0.6 IW/CPE ratio. Among phosphogypsum levels highest field and crop water use efficiency was registered with phosphogypsum @ 500 kg ha-1 at flower initiation.

R Naresha, P Laxminarayana, K B Suneetha Devi and V Sailaja

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 492-494
Surbhi Jain, A S R A S Sastri, N Manikandan and Deepika Unjan
Department of Agrometeorology, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
In the present study daily weather data of about 30 years was used for evaluation of production potential of the five varieties of rice under irrigated and rainfed conditions at different agroclimatic zones. The result revealed that the production potentials of five varieties were higher in irrigated condition as compared to rainfed condition. The production potential was higher in Northern Hills as well as in Baster Plateau followed by Chhattisgarh Plain under irrigated condition. Among different varieties, Karma Mahsuri showed highest potential of 10.8 t/ha, 10.7 t/ha and 12.7 t/ha in Chhattisgarh Plain, Northern Hills and Baster Plateau respectively. However, under rainfed condition the production potential of these varieties was higher in Baster plateau followed by Chhattisgarh plain and Northern hills. In rainfed condition was also Karma Mahsuri showed higest potential of 7.7 t/ha, 7.6 t/ha and 10.3 t/ha in Chhattisgarh Plain, Northern Hills and Baster Plateau respectively.

Surbhi Jain, A S R A S Sastri, N Manikandan and Deepika Unjan

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 495-498
Veeresh Hatti and B K Ramachandrappa
Department of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Sciences (GKVK), Bengaluru - 560 065, Karnataka, India
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out during Kharif 2014 at AICRP on Dryland Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences (GKVK), Bangalore, Karnataka to study the effect of conservation tillage and nutrient management practices on the performance of finger millet and weed growth under dryland Afisols of southern Karnataka. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three main plots on different tillage treatments and five sub plots with different nutrient management practices. The research outcomes revealed that the significantly lower weed density, dry weight at 30 and 60 DAS and higher finger millet growth and yield parameters resulting in higher grain yield of finger millet was realized in the conventional tillage practices (3202 kg ha-1) as compared to minimum (2758 kg ha-1) and zero tillage (2302 kg ha-1). Among different nutrient management practices, application of 100% NPK + 7.5 t FYM ha-1 has recorded significantly higher growth and yield parameters of finger millet resulting in higher grain yield (3249 kg ha-1) as compared to other treatments viz horsegram residue mulch + fertilizers based on soil test results (2880 kg ha-1), horsegram residue mulch + 100% recommended NPK (2790 kg ha-1) and other treatments.

Veeresh Hatti and B K Ramachandrappa

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 499-502
M Padmanabhan, Nagaraju, T Sheshadri, B Mohan Raju, M N Thimme Gowda, R Channabasavaegowda and Bhaskar
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences (GKVK), Bengaluru - 560 065, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Field investigation was carried out at Zonal Agricultural Research Station (ZARS), V. C. Farm Mandya, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore, Karnataka during 2014-15 to study the effect of fertigation levels and fertigation scheduling on yield, quality and commercial cane sugar production of sugarcane under subsurface drip fertigation. The results of the experiment revealed that fertigation scheduling upto 9.5 months has given on par results on the quality parameters viz brix (19.85%), pol (18.92%), purity (95.42%), reducing sugar (3.30%) and CCS (commercial cane sugar production) (13.65%). Similar results was also observed under fertigation levels upto 125 per cent RDF (recommended dose of fertilizer) recorded quality parameters viz brix (20.26%), pol (19.34%), purity (95.63%), reducing sugar (3.20%) and CCS production (13.84%) and the interaction effect between fertigation scheduling and fertigation levels also followed the same trend recorded quality parameters viz brix (19.80%), pol (18.85%), purity (95.38%), reducing sugar (3.31%) and CCS production (13.60%). In comparison with conventional method of sugarcane cultivation recorded lower quality parameters viz brix (19.72%), pol (18.80%), purity (95.16%), reducing sugar (2.82%) and CCS (13.34%). Significantly higher cane yield was observed under fertigation scheduling upto 9.5 months (250 t ha-1) and higher cane yield (225 t ha-1) under fertigation levels @ 125 per cent RDF. The interaction effect between fertigation scheduling and fertigation levels are significant, the fertigation up to 9.5 months with 125 per cent RDF recorded significantly higher cane yield (255 t ha-1) while conventional method of cane cultivation recorded significantly lower cane yield (146 t ha-1). This clearly indicates that increment in the fertigation scheduling and fertigation levels does not affect the quality and CCS production of sugarcane under subsurface drip fertigation. However, significantly higher cane yield can be obtained under fertigation scheduling and fertigation levels without affecting the quality and CCS production.

M Padmanabhan, Nagaraju, T Sheshadri, B Mohan Raju, M N Thimme Gowda, R Channabasavaegowda and Bhaskar

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 503-507
D M Ransing, G S Tomar and Harishankar
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Raipur - 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during rainy seasons of 2014 and 2015 at Research-cum-Instructional Farm of the Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidalaya, Raipur (Chhattisgarh). The soil of the experimental site was neutral in reaction, low in available nitrogen, medium in available phosphorus and high in available potassium. The treatment comprised of four nutrient sources, laid out in split plot design with three replications. Results revealed that among different nutrient sources, poultry manure 2.5 t ha-1 significantly increased the plant height, number of branches plant-1, nodulation, pods plant-1, seeds plant-1 and 100 seed weight which consequently resulted highest seed and stover yield during both the years in comparison to control as well as with rest of the organic manures. Among various nutrient levels, application of 100% RDF along with Zn 5 kg ha-1 recorded maximum plant height coupled with more number of branches plant-1 number of effective nodules plant-1 and its dry weight as well as highest number of pods plant-1, seeds plant-1, 100 seed weight which in turn gave highest seed and stover yields as compared to rest of treatments during both the years of investigation.

D M Ransing, G S Tomar and Harishankar

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 508-511
Mohammed Dawood and Jayanaik
Department of Poultry Science, Veterinary College, Hebbal, Bangalore - 560 024, Karnataka, India
Abstract
A biological experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementing inorganic and organic source of Fe and Cu on growth performances of colored broilers. Two hundred and sixteen day old colored broiler chicks were assigned to four dietary treatments with nine replicates of six birds each. The experimental birds were fed with one of the following four diets. Control diet (T1) was formulated by incorporating in organic Iron and copper. For each of the treatments, in organic Iron and copper diet of the control diet were replaced by organic (Methionine base) Fe and Cu at 50% of the recommended level (T2), 100% of the recommended level (T3) and 150% of the recommended level (T4).There was no significant difference in body weight, feed consumption and feed efficiency between organic and inorganic source fed Fe and Cu group.

Mohammed Dawood and Jayanaik

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 512-514
K L Paikara, R N Singh and V N Mishra
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Indira Gandhi Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh in inceptisols and vertisols to study the influence of integrated nutrientm on Yield under inceptisols and vertisols planted with rice-wheat cropping system. The design was used by Nested factorial design with 4 replication and 5 treatments: Control (N: 00, P: 00, K: 00); RDF NPK (100:60:40 kg ha-1); YTR 5 t ha-1 (soil test based); YTR 6 t ha-1 (soil test based) and YTR 6 t ha-1 + 5 t ha-1 FYM (IPNS), respectively. The result indicated that the yield of crops showed changes with treatments from T1 to T5 due to different fertilizer doses. As per the increased organic matter by FYM and fertilizer application the highest grain yield (59.10, 59.93 q ha-1) was recorded with the treatment that received the fertilizer dose with FYM to achieve 6.0 t ha-1 rice yields. The grain yields recorded from these two treatments 5 T ha-1 YT (T4), 6 T ha⁻1 +FYM ha-1 YT (T5) (58.07 q ha-1 and 59.10 q ha-1) (58.24 q ha-1and 59.93 q ha-1) were statistically at par. However, these two treatments of RDF were significant by superior than control, (25.28 q ha-1 and 16.79 q ha-1) respectively yield in Inceptisols and Vertisols. The next significantly higher grain yield was found with the application of RDF (100:60:40 kg N: P2O5: K2O ha⁻1) followed by the treatment that received the fertilizer dose for 5 t ha-1 yield target (53.16 q ha-1 6 and 55.75q ha-1) respectively.

K L Paikara, R N Singh and V N Mishra

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 515-518
Shweta Kumari, M Raghuraman, D Rakshith Roshan and Kantipudi Rajesh Kumar
Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
Brinjal is the important vegetable crop in South Asia and prone to many insect pests. It is susceptible to environmental conditions like severe frost. Among the insect pests, sucking pests like whitefly and jassid cause a severe damage to crop through sap sucking and also act as vectors for viral diseases. Keeping these points in view an experiment was conducted in Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi to study the population dynamics of jassid and its subsequent management with different formulations of fipronil. The results of population dynamics revealed that the activity of jassids started during first week of September 2013 and thereafter population reached to peak by 2nd October 2013 and again rebounded to a peak population of 4.09 jassids during November 2013. However, jassid population showed a significant positive correlation with mean relative humidity (r = 0.558) and mean temperature (r = +0.353). A non significant positive correlation was observed with total rainfall (r = 0.347). Further, insecticides viz fipronil 200SC, fipronil 80WG, fiproni 5SC, fipronil 0.6GR, fipronil 0.3GR, carbofuran 3G and a control were tested for their efficacy against jassid. Among these insecticides, fipronil 200SC was observed to be effective followed by fipronil 5SC, fipronil 80WG.

Shweta Kumari, M Raghuraman, D Rakshith Roshan and Kantipudi Rajesh Kumar

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 519-522
V Ramya, *Udaykumar Nidoni, **V Lavanya and *Goudra Promod Gouda
Department of Processing and Food Engineering, College of Technology and Engineering (MPUAT), Udaipur - 313 001, Rajasthan, India *College of Agricultural Engineering (UAS), Raichur - 584 104, Karnataka, India **Department of Dairy Engineering, Dairy Science College, Hebbal - 560 024, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Plants are rich in antioxidants and phytochemicals especially phenolic groups play a protective role in health and disease conditions, like cancer, diabetes, heart disease hypertension etc by counteracting reactive oxygen species and inhibiting the lipid oxidation. Leaves of Morus alba are rich in protein and widely used in food formulations and also have neuroprotective functions, can be used against neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer and Parkinsons. In this study, the investigation was conducted to determine the proximate composition, antioxidant potential and quality parameters of dry mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf powder of varieties V1. The results indicated that mulberry variety V1 have recorded highest biochemical constituents with good antioxidant properties and quality parameters.

V Ramya, *Udaykumar Nidoni, **V Lavanya and *Goudra Promod Gouda

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 523-527
K Manjunatha, M Anantachar, Sushilendra, Vijayakumar Palled, K V Prakash and Sunil Shirwal
Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur - 584 104, Karnataka, India
Abstract
A tractor operated rotary weeder was designed using computer aided design software and prototype was fabricated. The weeder was evaluated for its field performance in cotton crop. The experiments were conducted at three forward speeds (2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 km h-1), with two rotary speeds (210 and 240 rpm) for three different types of blades (L-type, C-type and J-type). The better performance of tractor operated rotary weeder was observed at 2.5 km h-1 forward speed with rotary speed of 210 rpm for L-type blade compared to other types. Results of field performance evaluation showed that the weeding efficiency and plant damage of the weeder were 89.50% and 3.75% with a fuel consumption of 5.5 lh-1 with an area coverage of 0.43 ha h-1. The cost of operation for the weeder was estimated to be Rs.1357 ha-1 as against Rs.2500 ha-1 for conventional method of manual weeding. The breakeven point for rotary weeder was found to be 98 h per annum with a payback period of 2.3 years.

K Manjunatha, M Anantachar, Sushilendra, Vijayakumar Palled, K V Prakash and Sunil Shirwal

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 528-531
A Tarun Kumar, *P Lalitha Kameswari and A Girwani
Department of Horticulture Science, College of Agriculture, Dr. Y. S. R Horticultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India *Floricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Institute, Dr. Y. S. R Horticultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India
Abstract
To investigate the influence of growing media incorporated with Pusa hydrogel on growth and yield characters of pot mums under various irrigation regimes, an experiment was conducted in the Floricultural Research Station, Hyderabad, Dr. Y.S.R. Horticultural University in factorial layout based on completely randomized design (FCRD) in three replications. The factors comprised of eight potting media compositions with either vermicompost or cocopeat mixed in common potting media (Red earth + FYM + sand), along with hydrogel concentrations 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5% and three irrigation regimes viz 3, 6 and 9 days irrigation interval. The statistical analysis of results showed that different concentrations of hydrogels, irrigation intervals and their interaction have influenced the growth and yield parameters of pot mums. Potting media composition of common potting mixture, vermicompost with 0.5% hydrogel and irrigation interval of 6 days has recorded the maximum values for plant height, number of primary branches, plant spread, number of suckers, leaf attributes, root and shoot biomass, chlorophyll content and yield. Maximum root length of was observed in control plants without hydrogel and with 9 days irrigation interval. Further it also showed that hydrogels can store and absorb considerable water and reduce negative effects of water shortage on plants.

A Tarun Kumar, *P Lalitha Kameswari and A Girwani

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 532-534
S G Mundhe, S B Kharbade, C G Sawant and D A Sonawane
Department of Agricultural Meteorology, College of Agriculture (Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidypeeth), Pune - 411 005, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
The field experiment was conducted during summer season of 2013-14 on sesamum with an objective to study the effect of planting layouts and mulches on pest and disease incidence on summer sesamum in relation to weather parameters. The results of the study showed that all the treatments were influenced the pest population and disease incidence. Amongst all the treatments, planting layouts sown on ridges and furrows at 45 cm × 10 cm spacing was significantly influenced the incidence of pests and disease sesamum phyllody (MLO’s) in relation to the weather parameters. Incidence of pests viz leaf hopper (Orosius albipinctus), Bihar hairy caterpillar (Spilosoma obliqua) and pod bug (Elasmolomus sordidus) were observed positively correlated with maximum temperature, minimum temperature, morning relative humidity, evening relative humidity and bright sunshine hours except leaf hopper and also in disease sesamum phyllody same results were observed.

S G Mundhe, S B Kharbade, C G Sawant and D A Sonawane

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 535-539
M Rajendar Reddy, *V Ravindra Babu, **D Sravani, ***M Sujatha and ***A Sivasankar
Agricultural Research Station, Mudhole, Telangana, India *Directorate of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India **Agricultural Research Station, Karimnagar, Telangana, India ***Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, PJTSAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India
Abstract
The present investigation was conducted to evaluate 30 cross combinations involving six lines and five testers to study their stability across three different agro-climatic zones of Telangana State. Substantial portion of Genotype × Environment interaction was significant for all the characters under study indicated significant variation among the experimentation could be predicted. From the present investigation, it is concluded that stable high yielding cross combinations identified among the cross combinations were Mandhya Vijaya  NDR359, Phalguna  NDR359, PR116  NDR359 and Phalguna  MTU1010 while in case of bran oil content the hybrid, Kandhagiri  Swarna was considered as stable cross combination across the three different environmental conditions since they possessed favorable combinations of all stability parameters or ideal stability values with significantly desired mean performance. Therefore, these cross combinations can be recommended for multi-location trials in India before commercial release.

M Rajendar Reddy, *V Ravindra Babu, **D Sravani, ***M Sujatha and ***A Sivasankar

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 540-543
D Anil, G E CH Vidya Sagar, G Sreenivas and S Harish Kumar Sharma
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out at College Farm, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad to study the response of soybean (Glycine max L.) to sulphur levels with inorganic and organic sources of nitrogen. The study revealed that NPK and S nutrient uptake seed and stover yield were significantly increased with the treatment 75% RDN through urea, 25% nitrogen through FYM and 40 kg S ha-1 which was on par with T4 is RDN 100% through urea with 40 kg S ha-1 and T3 is RDN 100% through urea with 30 kg S ha-1 but was significantly higher over rest of the treatments. The tratment T1 is RDN 100% recorded the lowest values of all treatments.

D Anil, G E CH Vidya Sagar, G Sreenivas and S Harish Kumar Sharma

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 544-547
T Sai Kumar, K Bhanu Rekha, *S N Sudhakara Babu and A Madavi A
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Prof Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India *Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India
Abstract
A field experiment on rainfed sunflower was conducted during Kharif 2014 at College Farm, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad to study the effect of humic acid under nutrient management practices on growth parameters, SPAD, yield attributes and yield of rainfed sunflower. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with eighteen treatments (six main and three sub treatment and replicated thrice. The results revealed that among the nutrient management practices, plant height at 30 and 45 DAS (30.36 and 75.20 cm) SPAD readings at 30 DAS (40.50), seed yield plant-1 (33.85 g), test weight (50.30 g), seed, stalk and oil yield (1859, 3555 and 741 kg ha-1) and harvest index (26.30%) were highest with the combined application of RDF (60-60-30 N, P2O5 and K2O kg ha-1) + compost @ 5 t ha-1 and it was found to be on par with M5- RDF + compost @ 5.0 t ha-1 while, the lowest yield attributes and yield were under absolute control. The effect of different levels of humic acid as well as the interaction effect was found to be non-significant on plant height, SPAD readings, yield attributes and yield. However, the interaction effect was significant on plant height at harvest.

T Sai Kumar, K Bhanu Rekha, *S N Sudhakara Babu and A Madavi A

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 548-551
D J Bhagat, R G Burte and Shalu Kumar
Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairy Science, Dr. B. S. Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli - 415 712, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
The data of 660 observations of reproduction performance of Konkan Kanyal goats were collected from Cattle Breeding Farm, Nileli, district Sindhudurg in Konkan region of Maharashtra. The average age at puberty, age at first service, age at first conception and gestation period were found as 342.13 ± 2.34, 406.76 ± 4.09, 431.81 ± 4.09 and 147.84 ± 0.27 days, respectively. The effects of year of birth, season of birth and birth weight significantly affected on age at puberty, age at first service and age at first conception. The reproduction performance viz type of birth and parity were not significantly affected. All non-genetic factors showed significant effect except season of birth.

D J Bhagat, R G Burte and Shalu Kumar

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 552-554
Loyavar Ramchander, N Shunmugavalli, Muthuswamy and S Rajesh
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Agricultural College and Research Institute, TNAU, Killikulam, Vallanadu - 628 252, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
The seeds of black gram variety VBN 4 and ACM 07002 were exposed to gamma ray at doses 200 Gy, 250 Gy, 300 Gy, 350 Gy and EMS at doses 20 mM, 30 mM and 40 mM. In VBN 4, the seed yield per plant exhibited significant positive relationship with 100 seed weight at 200 Gy in Gamma ray treatment and 20 mM in EMS treatment. But in ACM 07002, the seed yield per plant showed significant positive relationship with pods per plant at 20 mM, primary branches(40 mM), seeds per pod (30 mM), 100 seed weight (30 mM and 40 mM) in EMS treatments.

Loyavar Ramchander, N Shunmugavalli, Muthuswamy and S Rajesh

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 555-557
Uma Chaurasiya, Rajneesh K Agnihotri and Rajendra Sharma
Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University, Khandari Campus, Agra - 282002, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
In the present study, the seeds of Brassica nigra (variety 1021) were used to study the effect of Fe and Mn on different physiological parameters. The effects of iron and manganese were studied with regard to leaf area and secondary roots of black mustard seedlings under 50, 100 and 200μM concentrations. These concentrations significantly affected the leaf area and secondary roots compared to control. Leaf area significantly increased at all concentration of Fe and Mn while at higher concentration of Fe and Mn (200μM) reduction in secondary roots of seedlings was observed. However, additional supply of the 5mM nitrogen in the form of Ca (NO3)2 in the nutrient medium increased the effect of these metals. On the application of nitrogen in the nutrient medium, Fe showed more promotary effect in leaf area under all concentrations (50μM, 100μM and 200μM) while secondary roots decreased at all concentrations of the Mn.

Uma Chaurasiya, Rajneesh K Agnihotri and Rajendra Sharma

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 558-560
Kuduka Madhukar and D Wilson
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellayani - 695 522, Kerala, India
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out in Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, College of Agriculture, KAU to examine the magnitude of correlation among yield and yield attributes and the their effects. Yield per plant showed significant positive correlation with number of fruits per plant (0.8774), fruits per cluster (0.7090), fruit length (0.4484), fruit weight (0.4385) and number of primary branches (0.4217). It exhibited significant negative correlation with days to first harvest (-0.2462). The path analysis study revealed that fruit girth, fruit weight, fruits per cluster and fruits per plant exhibited positive direct effects on yield per plant. Days to first flower and fruit length showed negative effects but not significant.

Kuduka Madhukar and D Wilson

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 561-564
Sonali Deole, V K Dubey and *N Mehta
Department of Entomology, *Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
The present studies were carried out during spring seasons of the year 2013-14 and 2014-15.The field studies were conducted at the Research cum Instructional Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh. Seasonal occurrence of natural enemies was recorded at weekly intervals starting from seven days after sowing from 25 selected maize plants. Staphylinid beetles, coccinellid beetles and spiders were found as major predators. Higher number of coccinellid beetles was recorded during third week of March and first week of April in 2013 and 2014 respectively. Spiders were active throughout the season with mean population 1.65 and 2.32 spiders/plant during spring season in 2013 and 2014 respectively. Higher number of rove beetles was recorded in third week of March in 2013 and2014 (7.75 and 14.90 beetles/plant respectively). The lygaeid bug Geocoris was least active predator with seasonal mean of 0.54 and 0.41 per plant during spring season in 2013 and 2014 respectively. Among coccinellid Cheilomenes sexmaculata was dominated with 38.28 and 49.34 per cent in 2013 and 2014, respectively.

Sonali Deole, V K Dubey and *N Mehta

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 565-568
D J Bhagat, R G Burte and Shalu Kumar
Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairy Science, Dr. B. S. Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli - 415 712, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
The data of reproductive traits of Konkan Kanyal goats maintained at Cattle Breeding Farm, Nileli were recorded from 2001 to 2011. The overall average age at first kidding, weight at first kidding and number of kids per kidding in Konkan Kanyal goats were 579.68 ± 4.10 days, 25.61 ± 0.37 kg, and 1.26 ± 0.017, respectively. The effect of non-genetic factors viz year of birth, season of birth and birth weight were significantly affected on age at first kidding, while the type of birth and parity were not significant. The shortest age at first kidding was observed in the year 2006 (543.25 ± 12.13 days), while the significantly longest (612.54 ± 23.48 days) was in the year 2007. The lower age at first kidding in north-west monsoon (NWM) season (551.91 ± 9.52 days), followed by winter (574.62 ± 6.25 days). The significantly higher age at first kidding was in summer season (599.7 ± 8.45 days) and was at par with south-west monsoon (SWM) season (591.24 ± 9.59 days). All non-genetic factors except season of birth showed non-significant effect on weight at first kidding. The weight at first kidding was higher in SWM (28.12 ± 2.18 kg) and lower in NWM (24.31 ± 0.18 kg) season. The year of birth and parity had significant effect on number of kids born per kidding while season of birth, type of birth and birth weight group had non-significant effect. The overall performance of reproductive traits affected by non-genetic factors was found better in high rain fall and warm humid climate region.

D J Bhagat, R G Burte and Shalu Kumar

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 569-574
S P Adhikary
Department of Botany, Aska Science College, Aska - 761 111, District Ganjam, Odisha, India
Abstract
Xanthium indicum L. is a cocklebur or bur-weed commonly found in roadsides, rice fields and hedges throughout the tropical part of India. Green gram is a rabi crop normally grown after harvesting of rice during winter season. During the months from December to February green gram is cultivated and the same time Xanthium indicum grows in the fields which may affect the field directly and crops indirectly. Basing on above fact, the experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the allelopathic effects of the aqueous leachate of Xanthium indicum L. on the seed germination and enzymatic activities of green gram in laboratory condition. Results showed that leachates of all concentration (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%) are considerably inhibited seed germination process in green gram. Different concentrations of various types of leachate drastically checked α-amylase and protease activities during seed germination in green gram. From this above results it is noticed that there might have certain allelochemicals in plant and plant parts which are checked or inhibit the enzymatic activities, it ultimately decreased seed germination. Hence, the Xanthium indicum plants should be removed from fields at its vegetative stage.

S P Adhikary

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 575-577
Das Ratan, *R Veere Gowda, **P Chowdappa and S Mohan Kumar
College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bengaluru - 560 065, Karnataka, India *Division of Vegetable Crops, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru - 560 089, Karnataka, India **CPCRI, Kasaragod, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Thirty onion germplasm were evaluated for their resistance levels against Alternaria porri, causal agents of purple blotch diseases under natural epiphytic condition at Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka during 2014-2015. Disease severity was recorded once in 60 days after transplanting and another in 90 days after transplanting by using 5 point rating scale. None of the screened germplasm was free from the purple blotch disease. Results revealed that, only one germplasm viz PBR-14-35 (PDI 15%) found to be moderately resistance against purple blotch. All the germplasm had shown the increasing tends from 60th day to 90th day but germplasm PBR-14-59 was quite stable in respect to PDI (increased PDI only 4%).

Das Ratan, *R Veere Gowda, **P Chowdappa and S Mohan Kumar

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 578-580
Pravasini Behera, *Anita Mohanty and **Dibya Sundar Kar
College of Agriculture, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar - 751 003, Odisha, India *Krishi Vigyan Kendra Puri, **Krishi Vigyan Kendra Dhenkanal, Odisha, India
Abstract
The investigation was carried out to study the relative susceptibility and resistance of some popular ground nut varieties against Caryedons serratus and their interaction effecting quality and quantity. Physical characters of test ground nut kernels viz kernel length, circumference, colour, size, weight and number of kernels per pods however negatively non significant to the pod damage by attack. Shelling percentage, oil content and moisture content varied from 62.0% to 75.0%, 48.5% to 51.1% and 5.4% to 11.0% respectively. The moisture content was positively correlated with the damage attack.

Pravasini Behera, *Anita Mohanty and **Dibya Sundar Kar

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 581-583
G R Hareesh, N Donappa, G Rajappa and S S Prakash
AICRP on Weed Management, Main Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences (GKVK), Hebbal - 560 024, Karnataka, India
Abstract
The study was undertaken at Devanahalli taluk, Bangalore Rural district; Karnataka was studied with an objective to classify the irrigation water of eastern dry zone of Karnataka with respect to irrigation quality. The results of the study indicated that majority of the groundwater samples belongs to class C2S1 class, when such water is used for irrigation may pose the problem of salinity especially in soils with poor drainage. Nearly 180 (75.6%) ground water samples before rainy season and 181 (75.1%) after rainy season of all hoblis of Devanahalli are considered safe with respect to RSC class (< 1.25 meq L-1). The RSC of 24.3 and 30.3 percent groundwater samples of Vijayapura hobli before and after rainy season were classified as unsafe for irrigation followed by Channarayapattana hobli (15.7% and 12% before and after rainy season) whereas very few samples of Devanahalli Kasaba (4% and 0.9%) samples before and after rainy season were unsafe for irrigation.

G R Hareesh, N Donappa, G Rajappa and S S Prakash

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 584-587
Sajad Hussain Dar and *M Ashraf Ahangar
Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, S. K. University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar - 191 121, Srinagar, J & K, India *Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops (SKUAST-Kashmir), Khudwani, Kulgam, Jammu & Kashmir, India
Abstract
A disease screening field trial of rice germplasm consisting of 9 parents, 36 crosses and one local check was established during the kharif 2012 at two sites in Kashmir to determine resistance intensity in rice germplasm against Pyricularia grisea, the cause of rice blast disease. Screening was done under natural epiphytotic conditions and the results revealed that none of the test lines was immune or highly resistant. Four cross and one parent which include SKAU-389 × SR-1, SKAU-389 × K-08-6, SKAU-389 × K-08-60, SR-1 × K-08-60 and two parent K-06-60 and PS-5 were found to be resistant against blast. Six crosses and two parents were found to be moderately resistant. Rest of crosses and parents behaved either moderately or fully susceptible to blast disease. Among these two sites MRCFC Khudwani was identified as a better site for screening rice genotypes for blast resistance than KVK Pombay.

Sajad Hussain Dar and *M Ashraf Ahangar

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 588-592
K Ravichandra, *Ch Naga Jyothi and **Joy Dawson
Instructional Livestock Farm Complex, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram - 521 102, A. P, India *Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad - 500 059, Telangana, India **Department of Agronomy, SHIATS, Allahabad - 271 102, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
Two field experiments were carried out during two successive kharif seasons of 2009 and 2010 at Allahabad located at eastern parts of Uttar Pradesh, India to study the effect of microbial inoculation (rhizobium) and boron through foliar spraying on yield components as well as seed quality of groundnut (cv. Chitra) grown in sandy loam soils. A significant effect on various yield and quality parameters of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) i e number of pods/plant, seed index, shelling percentage, oil content, protein content and pod yield was noticed by rhizobium inoculation along with foliar spraying of boron at flowering and pod development stage.

K Ravichandra, *Ch Naga Jyothi and **Joy Dawson

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 593-596
S Naganandhini, *Z John Kennady and D Balachandar
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, *Post Harvest Technology Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, *Post Harvest Technology Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India

S Naganandhini, *Z John Kennady and D Balachandar

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 597-601
Lianthanzauva, Puja Singh, Poonam Tiwari, Deepak V Pawar, Sudhir Kumar and Rekha Kansal
ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi - 110 012, India
Abstract
Brassica juncea is an important oilseed crop of India. It is susceptible to various biotic stresses which hinder their yield potential. The mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi) is the most devastating insect and causes severe yield losses throughout mustard growing areas. Plant lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins and have a role in plant defense against insects including aphids. Transgenic Brassica juncea plants carrying pigeonpea lectin (CCL) gene driven by phloem specific rolC promoter were generated using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The cotyledonary petioles, hypocotyls and stem segments were used as explants. The transformation efficiency was found to be 18.32%, 6.18% and 34.69% respectively. The molecular analysis by PCR and RT-PCR using CCL and NPTII gene primers confirmed the integration and expression of the transgene. In future, these transgenic plants can be used for aphid bioassay to demonstrate its efficacy against Lipaphis erysimi and for production of marker free transgenic mustard.

Lianthanzauva, Puja Singh, Poonam Tiwari, Deepak V Pawar, Sudhir Kumar and Rekha Kansal

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 602-605
Ramesh Mahajan, H S Thakur and *Devendra
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, RVSKVV, Indore - 452 001, Madhya Pradesh, India *Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya, Chitrakoot, Satna - 485 334, Madhya Pradesh, India
Abstract
Field investigation was conducted at Research Farm of the AICRP on Dryland College of Agriculture Indore (M.P) during kharif season of 2012-13 to assess the effect of post-emergence herbicide to control weeds in soybean and their subsequent effect on growth, yield and yield attributing character of soybean. Weed free (T9) proved highly effective for attaining higher weed suppression and yield simultaneously. Among herbicidal treatments, application of Fluazifop-p-butyl 12.5% EC @ 125 g a.i./ha + Fomesafen 12.5% EC @ 125 g a.i./ha (T2) observed most effective in controlling both monocot and dicot weeds. The highest value of weed control efficiency was attained in the weed free plots. Among the other weed management treatments, application of Fluazifop-p-butyl 12.5% EC @ 125 g a.i./ha + Fomesafen 12.5% EC @ 125 g a.i./ha (T2) exhibited maximum weed control efficiency (90.47%) followed by Hand weeding at 15 and 30 DAS (T10), Imazethapyr 10%SL @ 100g a.i./ha (T5), Fomesafen 12.5% EC @ 250 g a.i./ha (T4) recording 90.35, 82.27 and 80.47 per cent, respectively. Economically application of Fluazifop-p-butyl 12.5% EC @ 125 g a.i./ha + Fomesafen 12.5% EC @ 125 g a.i./ha (T2) stand first in order providing highest B:C ratio (1:2.24) while Fluazifop-p-butyl 12.5% EC @ 125 g a.i./ha + Fomesafen 12.5% EC @ 125 g a.i./ha was superior incase of providing slightly higher net income (₹ 35870/ha) than T9 (₹ 35000 /ha).

Ramesh Mahajan, H S Thakur and *Devendra

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 606-609
Nagavath Suresh Kumar, V Ram Reddy and *Y Chandramohan
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Agricultural College (PJTSAU), Jagtial - 505 529, Telangana, India *Regional Agricultural Research Station (PJTSAU), Jagtial - 505 529, Telangana, India
Abstract
Rice being the most important staple food in India plays an important role in economic stability of India. An insight of genetic diversity and correlation among the various traits related to yield and quality is helpful in this regard. Seventy rice genotypes were evaluated for genetic variability and correlation. The experiment was conducted in the research area of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jagtial, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Telangana following randomized complete block design with three replications. The data were recorded on yield and different yield and quality components. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among all genotypes for all the yield and quality traits. Plant height, number of productive tillers per plant, panicle length, number of filled grains per panicle, kernel breadth and 1000-grain weight had a highly significant positive phenotypic correlation with grain yield per plant. The study of path analysis for yield and quality related traits revealed that 1000-grain weight, number of filled grains per panicle, number of productive tillers per plant, days to 50 percent flowering, plant height, panicle length, L/B ratio and milling percentage had positive direct effect on grain yield per plant, indicating that the selection for these characters was likely to bring about an overall improvement in grain yield per plant directly.

Nagavath Suresh Kumar, V Ram Reddy and *Y Chandramohan

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 610-613
A Reshma, P Latha, V Umamahesh and R P Vasanthi
Department of Crop Physiology, S. V. Agricultural College, Tirupati - 517 502, Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during early kharif, 2013 at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati with fourteen pre release and two released groundnut genotypes. The present investigation revealed existence of sufficient genetic variability among the genotypes tested for Water Use Efficiency, heat tolerance and Relative Water Content. The WUE traits i e Specific Leaf Area (SLA) from 157.38 to 201.56 cm2 g-1, SPAD Chlorophyll Meter Reading (SCMR) from 39.07 to 46.75 varied among the genotypes. Similarly among the heat tolerance traits i.e., relative injury of cell membranes revealed mean variability of 10.08 to 17.78 % and Chlorophyll Stability Index ranged from 32.25 to 69.75%. The genotypic variability for relative water content was 83.14 to 92.61%. During early kharif 2013, moderate SLA with high SCMR, recorded higher pod yield in groundnut. Cultivars TCGS-1330, TCGS-1375 posses moderate SLA and higher pod yield compared to checks. Moderate SLA and high SCMR possessing genotypes TCGS-1330, TCGS-1375, TCGS-1157A, TCGS-1157 were promising for higher WUE, which can be explored in developing cultivars for higher WUE. Genotype TCGS-1375 recorded high CSI, moderate Relative Injury (RI) and high pod yield. Other genotypes TCGS-1350, TCGS-1173, TCGS-1349, TCGS-1157 possess heat stress tolerance with moderate yields. Hence genotypes TCGS-1330, TCGS-1375 recorded high values for physiological traits, possessing high WUE and high yield are suitable for early kharif situation.

A Reshma, P Latha, V Umamahesh and R P Vasanthi

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 614-616
Talla Ramyashree, Sujatha Patta, K Jhansi Rani and T Ramesh
Department of genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Prof Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India
Abstract
Thirty six soybean genotypes were evaluated for their morphological traits and the extent of genetic variability. Analysis of variance revealed that the genotypes were highly significant for all the characters studied, indicating the existence of considerable magnitude of variability. The higher value of PCV, GCV, h2 and GAM for the traits like plant height (cm), primary branches plant-1, clusters plant-1, pods plant-1, seed yield plant-1 (g) and seed yield hectare-1 (q) indicating the predominance of additive gene action and can be improved through direct selection. Mahalanobis D2 analysis suggested the maximum contribution of seedling vigour index- I towards divergence, followed by plant height and seed yield hectare-1. All 36 genotypes were grouped into 13 clusters, of which cluster I was large with 17 genotypes. Based on mean performance, two genotypes from cluster XII (EC 16213 and PS 1418), one from cluster XI (TG X 814-14B) for seed high yield hectare-1 and cluster II (JS 2089) and cluster XIII (PS 1042) for germination after accelerated aging were found superior and can be used in the future breeding programmes.

Talla Ramyashree, Sujatha Patta, K Jhansi Rani and T Ramesh

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 617-621
Bheru Lal Kumhar, Viresh Govind Chavan and R N Tilekar
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli - 415 712, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted in spit plot design with three replication was conducted at Agronomy Farm, College of Agriculture, Dapoli, Distt. Ratnagiri (Maharashtra) during kharif season of 2014. The treatments of the experiment were drilling methods of sowing rice seeds were sown by using manually with 15 cm row spacing as per seed rate (60 kg ha-1). In early transplanting (15 days age old seedling), transplanting as per as recommended (21 days old age seedling) and thomba methods transplanted seedling with 20 × 15 cm spacing with 3 to 5 seedling per hills. The other common packages of practices were followed time to time and periodically are observations were recorded on growth and yield for evaluate the treatment effects. Maximum recorded B: C ratio, net income and gross income were obtained under treatment combination of M3V4 (2.23, 36013.41 ₹/ha and 65268.41 ₹/ha respectively). The highest NPK Uptake establishment method M3 and variety V4 by grain and srraw. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that in areas where labour is available and cheap, transplanting as per as recommended (21 days old age seedling) is a better establishment methods of rice because it produces more yield and gross monetary economic return than other methods.

Bheru Lal Kumhar, Viresh Govind Chavan and R N Tilekar

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 622-624
S Ramesh, C Narendra Reddy and T V K Singh
Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Prof Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India
Abstract
The life fecundity table and population growth attributes of Leucinodes orbonalis was prepared from daily fecundity and survival of cohort, when larvae reared on brinjal at a temperature 26 ± 1° C. The life fecundity data indicated that pre oviposition period ranged from 34th to 35th day of pivotal age. Females were deposited first batch of eggs on 36th day and stopped it after 40th day with lx values 0.74 and 0.33, respectively. The females contributed the highest number of progeny (mx = 99.72) in the life cycle on the 38th day of pivotal age. The net reproductive rate (Ro) was 138.58 with mean length generation (Tc) 37.93 days. The intrinsic rate of increase was 0.1302 females/day and population multiplied 2.4878 times in a week of time of 37.88 days on brinjal. Life expectancy of L. orbonalis on brinjal for newly deposited eggs was 13.32 days.

S Ramesh, C Narendra Reddy and T V K Singh

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 625-628
Himmat Singh Chouhan, A K Sharma and Devendra
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Indore - 452 001, Madhya Pradesh, India
Abstract
An experiment entitled was carried out at Research Farm of Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, College of Agriculture, Indore during kharif 2010. The experiment was laid out in split plot design having 3 replications. The treatments comprised of 18 combinations of 2 Varieties of cotton (V1 - NHH-206, and V2 - JKCH-1305 ) as main plot treatments × [ 3 Plant densities (S1¬- 60 × 45 cm, S2 - 60 × 60 cm, and S3 - 90 × 60 cm) × 3 Fertility levels (F1- 60 + 30 + 15 kg NPK/ha, F2- 80 + 40 + 20 kg NPK/ha and F3- 100 + 50+ 25 kg NPK/ha) as sub-plot treatments. JKCH-1305 (V2) proved superior over the variety NHH-206 (V1) as the farmer resulted in highest mean seed cotton yield of 1142.13 kg/ha (51.21% more) highest gross monitory returns (₹ 45685.33 /ha), net return (₹ 32115.00 /ha) and benefit/ cost ratio (3.36) over to cotton genotype of NHH-206 (V1). Highest mean seed cotton yield of 1055.05 kg/ha, highest mean gross returns of ₹ 42202.13 /ha and net returns of ₹ 28631.80 was recorded due to plant geometry treatment of 90 x 60 cm (S3) over to rest plant densities treatments. The application of 100 + 50 + 25 kg NPK /ha (F3) recorded maximum and significantly high seed cotton yield of 1097.41 kg/ha which was 16.83% and 35.65% more as compared to the seed cotton yield due to the fertility treatments of 80 + 40 + 20 kg NPK/ha (F2) and 60 + 30 + 15 kg NPK/ha (F1), respectively.

Himmat Singh Chouhan, A K Sharma and Devendra

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 629-632
Manjula Udikeri, B G Koppalkar and G M Keshavamurthy
Department of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur - 584 104, Karnataka, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the kharif 2012-13 on medium black soil at Agricultural College Farm, Raichur to study the influence of nutrient management practices in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) and clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub.) intercropping system on plant height, primary and secondary branches, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf area index and dry matter production of pigeonpea. Sole crop of pigeonpea recorded significantly higher plant height (170.30 cm), primary branches per plant (15.93), secondary branches per plant (11.14), number of leaves per plant (103.44), leaf area (17.82 dm2 plant-1), leaf area index (0.660) and dry matter production (162.53 g plant-1) as compared to intercropped pigeonpea under different nutrient management practices.

Manjula Udikeri, B G Koppalkar and G M Keshavamurthy

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 633-637
J Venu Madhav, Shruti Sethi and *Bhupinder Singh
Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi - 110 012, India *Nuclear Research Laboratory, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi - 110 012, India
Abstract
In this study we have investigated the effect of irradiation on post harvest quality of garlic and to determine the irradiation dose for maximum quality retention during storage. Two varieties of garlic, namely, Yamuna Safed (G-1) and Yamuna Safed-4 (G-323) were analyzed for their physical and physico-chemical composition for observing the efficacy of different doses of irradiation (0.075 kGy, 0.1 kGy and 0.15 kGy) for their storage study from 120-210 days after harvest at ambient temperature (18 - 32°C and 55 - 65% RH). Effect of irradiation on physical, physiological and biochemical parameters during storage of both the varieties of garlic revealed that overall 0.1 kGy irradiation dose was most successful followed by 0.15 and 0.075 kGy for checking sprouting, physiological loss in weight (PLW), respiration rate and retention of pyruvic acid, and amylase activity during storage in comparison to non-irradiated samples. Among two varieties studied, variety G-323 performed better than G-1 with regard to changes in physiological and biochemical parameters during storage.

J Venu Madhav, Shruti Sethi and *Bhupinder Singh

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 638-642
B Balakrishna, V Chenga Reddy and M Lal Ahamed
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Agricultural College, Bapatla - 522 101, Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract
Character association studies conducted using seventy upland cotton genotypes revealed that seed cotton yield plant-1 has positive significant association with plant height (rp=0.3368 and rg=0.4635), number of sympodia plant-1 (rp=0.3654 and rg=0.5285), number of bolls plant-1 (rp= 0.7991 and rg=0.8810), lint index (rp=0.1456 and rg=0.1624), seed index (rp=0.1508 and rg=0.1904), bundle strength (rp=0.1695 and rg=0.2481) and lint yield plant-1 (rp=0.8426 and rg=0.8256) at both phenotypic and genotypic levels. The path coefficient analysis indicated that the traits number of bolls plant-1, boll weight, seed index and lint yield plant-1 exhibited high positive direct effects. It was concluded that the characters with positive correlation and high direct effects could be considered as significant selection criteria for seed cotton yield improvement programmes in cotton.

B Balakrishna, V Chenga Reddy and M Lal Ahamed

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 643-646
S Rajamanickam and K Sethuraman
Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural College and Research Institute (TNAU), Madurai - 625 104, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Colletotrichum capsici is a chilli pathogen causing anthracnose disease which can lose crop production maximum of 100%. Biological control using fungal and bacterial antagonist is one of alternative control methods to support agriculture sustainability. The antagonists were isolated from the rhizosphere and phylloplane region and assayed against pathogen Colletotrichum capsici in vitro. Among the antagonist tested, Tv2 of Trichoderma viride, Pf3 of P. fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis from phylloplane region were showed most inhibitory towards the mycelial growth of the pathogen. In vitro tests revealed that, Tv2, Pf3, Bs inhibited the mycelial growth of C. capsici by 61.14, 70.01 and 40.49 percent, respectively.

S Rajamanickam and K Sethuraman

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 647-652
M Kiruba and T Kalaiselvi
Department of Forestry, Agricultural College and Research Institute (TNAU), Eachangkottai - 614 902, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Composting emerges as the most widely applicable process for handling diverse wastes in the entire area of waste recycling. Organic wastes are composted in an appropriate manner depending on their physico-chemical nature to mitigate the environmental consequence of direct land application; composting also helps to meet the demand of organic manure for intensive farming. A very wide variety of organic residues from sources of plant, animal and industrial wastes can be composted to evolve a stable eco-friendly product of utility. Lot of waste materials such as tree litter, coffee, tea wastes and vegetable wastes etc are available in and around Nilgiri hills of Tamil Nadu. A laboratory experiment was carried out to standardize biocomposting technology for waste materials viz albizia, teak litter, pungam, simaruba shell, coffee, tea processing and vegetable wastes. In order to find out the efficient waste management technology, the selected waste materials were subjected to both conventional and vermicomposting processes. The data on the population of different microbial groups revealed that vermicomposts harboured more number of microbes. Vermicompost obtained from coffee pulp ranked first interms of microbial population. Studies on soil dehydrogenase revealed a significant positive correlation between microbial population and the enzyme activity. Accordingly vermicomposted coffee pulp recorded greater enzyme activity. Similarly nitrogen fixing free living diazotrophic microbes such as Azotobacter, Azospirillum and Beijerinckia were greater in vermicomposts. But the content varied with the substrate. Coffee pulp had greater number of Azospirillum, simaruba shell registered more value for Azotobacter and Beijerinckia was maximum due to pungam shell compost. On the contrary, the phosphate solublizing microbial population was maximum in conventional composts. Among acid and alkaline phosphatases, alkaline phosphatases scored more value. Vermicomposted albizia litter recorded more of IAA.

M Kiruba and T Kalaiselvi

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 653-656
Bushara Anjum Khan, N K Rastogi, P K Chandrakar, N Mehta and R Shukla
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out at Research cum Instructional Farm under AICRP on Linseed, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh. The experimental material for the present study comprised five genetically diverse genotypes used to develop a diallel set, excluding reciprocals. The five parents involved were RLC 92, RLC 95, RLC 128, JLS 9 and Deepika and their F1 generations of ten different crosses. Analysis of variance indicated that the mean squares due to genotypes were highly significant for all the characters. The high phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation was recorded for number of capsules per plant followed by seed yield per plant, number of seeds per plant and number of primary branches per plant. The high heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for number of seeds per plant, seed yield per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of primary branches per plant, plant height, number of seeds per capsule and oil content indicating significant contribution of additive genetic variance. These traits mat be subjected to different selection scheme to produce high yielding genotypes.

Bushara Anjum Khan, N K Rastogi, P K Chandrakar, N Mehta and R Shukla

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 657-661
Tapas Ranjan Sahoo and U K Hulihalli
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad - 580 005, Karnataka, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Main Agricultural Research Station (MARS), College of Agriculture, Dharwad where six herbicides namely Glyphosate, Paraquat, Glufosinate ammonium, Saflufenacil, Halosulfuron and Imazathapyr were tried as a post emergence in addition to pre-emergence application of Atrazine. Totally nine treatments were tested using randomized block design having three replications with two control (Weedy check and weed free check) and one standard RPP check. At all the growth stages weed free check was recorded higher weed control index (WCI) than rest of the weed control methods. However after application of post emergence herbicides Atrazine @ 1 kg ha-1 fb Glyphosate @ 2.5 kg ha-1 was recorded with WCI of 92.12 percent next to weed free check. Weed free check was recorded significantly higher grain yield (84.59 q ha-1), stover yield (114.10 q ha-1) and harvest index (42.57%) which was follwed by Atrazine @ 1 kg ha-1 fb Saflufenacil @ 75 g ha-1. Weed free check was recocrded significantly higher gross return (₹ 98206 ha-1), whereas Atrazine @ 1 kg ha-1 fb Saflufenacil @ 75 g ha-1 was recorded significantly higher net return (₹ 64405 ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.14). Weedy check was recorded with significantly lower grain yield (45.07 q ha-1), stover yield (66.40 q ha-1), harvest index (40.45%), gross return (₹ 52659 ha-1), net return (₹ 25190 ha-1) and B:C ratio (1.92).

Tapas Ranjan Sahoo and U K Hulihalli

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 662-665
V R Jinjala, H M Virdia, N N Saravaiya and A D Raj
Department of Agronomy, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India
Abstract
A field experiment conducted during rabi season of 2011-12 on College Farm, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari on heavy black soil to study the effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on growth and yield of baby corn. The treatments comprising all possible combinations of five levels of Nitrogen (chemical and vermicompost fertilizer) with and without bio-fertilizer (Azotobacter and PSB) were tried in randomized block design with three replications. The cob and fodder yields were significantly affected with different integrated nutrient management treatment. Significantly the highest yield of corn (1.76 t/ha), fodder (32.08 t/ha) yields, net realization (₹ 215384/ha) and BCR (12.54) were recorded with the application of 100% RDN from chemical fertilizer along with bio-fertilizer. The crude protein, vitamin-C and total sugar were recorded higher with application of 100% RDN from vermicompost. The highest status of available N (220 kg/ha), P2O5 (30.8 kg/ha) and K2O (383 kg/ha) was recorded by 100% RDN from vermicompost.

V R Jinjala, H M Virdia, N N Saravaiya and A D Raj

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 666-671
Rahul K Sutar and S S Angadi
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad - 580 005, Karnataka, India
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of treated and untreated domestic wastewater and fertilizer levels on yield and quality parameters of tomato during 2014 at the Main Agricultural Research Station, University of agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. The experiment comprised of four irrigation sources (I1- treated domestic wastewater, I2- fresh water, I3- untreated domestic wastewater alternated with fresh water, and I4- untreated domestic wastewater) and four fertilizer levels (0, 50, 75 and 100% RDF). The results revealed that, among irrigation sources significantly higher yield and quality attributes were noticed with application of either untreated or treated domestic wastewater as compared to application of domestic wastewater alternated with fresh water and application of fresh water alone. Increase in fruit yield was 14.53 and 16.39 per cent in treated and untreated domestic wastewater, respectively as compared to fresh water. Among fertilizer levels application of 100 RDF (250:250:250 kg N, P2O5 and K2O ha-1) resulted in significantly higher yield and quality attributes as compared to other fertilizer levels. The magnitude of increase in yield was to the tune of 47.74 per cent with application of 100 per cent RDF as compared to absolute control. Among interaction effects, application of untreated and treated domestic wastewater along with 100 per cent RDF resulted in significantly higher yield and quality attributes and both were superior over other treatment combinations. The increase in fruit yield was 60.67 and 60.54 per cent with application of untreated and treated domestic wastewater along with 100 per cent RDF, respectively as compared to fresh water application without fertilizers.

Rahul K Sutar and S S Angadi

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 672-677
Sudheendra Saunshi and Ramesh Babu
Department of Agronomy, *Weed Control Scheme, MARS, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad - 580 005, Karnataka, India
Abstract
A field trial was conducted in severely Striga infested sugarcane field near Lokapur village of Bagalkot district, Karnataka. The experiment was laid out in split split plot design with three replications, main plots consisted of two dates of herbicide application (60 and 90 DAP), sub plots with two methods of herbicides application (surface and deep) whereas, sub sub plot consisted of four pre-emergent herbicides followed by common 2, 4-D as sequential application. Mulching was common in all the treatment combinations. Deep application of oxyfluorfen (0.25 kg /ha) at 90 DAP on either sides of the sugarcane rows fb 2, 4-D (2 kg/ha) at 120 DAP as post-emergent herbicide with mulching recorded significantly higher plant height, number of internodes, longer internodes in all the growth stages of sugarcane. Lower Striga density (4 m-2) and higher sugarcane yield (143.6 t/ha) were observed in this treatment combination compared to other treatment combinations. However, it was at par with deep application of diuron (1 kg/ha) fb 2, 4-D (2 kg/ha) with mulching.

Sudheendra Saunshi and Ramesh Babu

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 678-681
Kamalesh K Meena, Dinesh K Kumawat and Garima Verma
Department of Dairy and Food Microbiology, College of Dairy and Food Science Technology (MPUAT), Udaipur - 313 001, Rajasthan, India *Department of Bptany, Meera Girls College, MLSU, Udaipur - 313 001, Rajasthan, India
Abstract
The genus Lactobacillus is an important dairy starter organism which could play a vital role in maintaining host health by limiting other intestinal microbes causing harmful effects. Using an animal model, we studied the immunomodulatory potential of Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk (FM) in comparison to Cell Free Supernatant (CFS) and Dahi (D) by measuring intestinal enzymes (β-Glucuronidase (EC 3.2.1.31) and β-Galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23)) in mice against Salmonella enteritidis. In comparative study Dahi prepared with mixed dahi culture was taken because it has proven and established immunomodulatory effects against infection. Three groups of animals were fed with D (5 gm/animal/day), FM (5gm/animal/day) and CFS (2.25 ml/animal/day) in addition to standard laboratory diet for 7 days. These animals were challenged with 1 × 108 CFU Salmonella enteritidis pathogenic cells by intubation. The β-Galactosidase activity in intestinal fluid was highest in Dahi (283.34 nmoles/h/ml) and FM (197.30 nmoles/h/ml) on 5th day post challenge. The β- Glucuronidase activity was found highest in FM (227.88 nmoles/h/ml) on 5th day followed by CFS (237.18 nmoles/h/ml) on 8th day. It was observed that Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk also shows significant increase in intestinal enzyme activity like Dahi.

Kamalesh K Meena, Dinesh K Kumawat and Garima Verma

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 682-686
Nadim Chishty, Dinesh Kumar Kumawat, *Kamalesh K Meena, Garima Verma and **Srinivasan Ramakrishnan
Department of Zoology, Government Meera Girls College, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, Udaipur - 313 001, Rajasthan, India *Department of Dairy and Food Microbiology, College of Dairy and Food Science Technology (MPUAT), Udaipur - 313 001, Rajasthan, India **Department of Crop Division, Indian Grass and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
The quantitative analysis of bacterial flora associated with the skin of freshwater fishes in Udaipur region was determined. Four different types of fishes were catch, identified as Notopterus notopterus, Labeo rohita, Heteropneustus fosillis and Catla-catla from Picchola lake and Fatehsagar lake and brought to laboratory, total bacterial load were calculated on nutrient agar at 37°C by using pour plate method. The highest bacterial load (5.1 × 105 CFU/gm) was found on the skin of Notopterus notopterus and the minimum (4.0 × 102 CFU/gm) on Labeo rohita was recorded. A total 18 bacterial isolates were isolated from all collected fishes for the identification of bacterial species associated with freshwater fishes in Udaipur region. Phenotypic characterization of each isolates was carried out by studying morphological characteristics and carbohydrate fermentation. On the basis of carbohydrate fermentation and phenotypic characters three different pattern obtained. Molecular typing was attempted to find out the similarity or difference in genetic structure of some selected bacteria with the help of 16S rRNA gene amplification and Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA). Near complete 16S rDNA was amplified by PCR from the genomic DNA of each isolate. Following RFLP analysis were done by using two restriction endonuclease enzymes viz EcoRI and Hind III, that produced different cluster were subsequently sequenced one from each cluster and compared with the available gene sequences in NCBI website by using BLASTn. Out of 4 groups, there were 3 different species obtained and sequences submitted to Gen Bank, USA viz Brevibacillus agri (KT320872), Staphylococcus gallinarum (KT320873) and Bacillus cereus (KT320875) showing more than 95% similarity with the GenBank sequences. These findings provide consumers insight into fish quality, probable health risks of raw fish consumption, and the impact of storage conditions on bacterial load of raw fish.

Nadim Chishty, Dinesh Kumar Kumawat, *Kamalesh K Meena, Garima Verma and **Srinivasan Ramakrishnan

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 687-690
A A Chothe, A G Ghadge and S B Vidhate
Department of Post Harvest Management of Fruit, Vegetable and Flower Crops, Post Graduate Institute of Post Harvest Management, Killa, Roha, District Raigad, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
The research was conducted from June to August 2012 in the Department Laboratory of Post Harvest Management of Fruit Vegetable and Flower Crops Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli, Maharashtra. The results showed that 45 second immersion in liquid nitrogen gave the best characteristics of frozen sliced cv. Alphonso mango after storage for 2 months, i e with a moisture content 63.9%, total soluble solid (TSS) 17.10°Brix, mg/100 g, acidity 0.34%, reducing sugar 3.44% total sugar 11.83% ascorbic acid 51.39 and organoleptically are preferred by the panellists.

A A Chothe, A G Ghadge and S B Vidhate

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 691-694
D Sravanthi, B Padmaja, *G Pratibha and **T Prabhakar Reddy
Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College (PJTSAU), Jagtial, Telangana, India *Central Institute for Dryland Agriculture (CRIDA), Santoshnagar, Hyderabad - 500 059, Telangana, India **RS and RRS, Rudrur, Nizamabad, Telangana, India
Abstract
The aim of this study to reduces the losses of N and improves NUE, yield and economics by the natural nitrification inhibitors. With the introduction of high yielding varieties (HYVs), the use of chemical fertilizers increased. Maize (Zea mays L.) is veracious consumer of nitrogen fertilizer. When urea applied to soil lost by several processes like leaching, denitrification, runoff, volatilization and nitrification. Among those losses nitrification is most widely occurs under drylands. Inefficient use of nitrogen fertilizers has resulted in low nitrogen use efficiency and reduced yields, adverse ecological and environmental effects contributing to eutrophication, and N2O emissions which are a potent green house gas. Hence arresting these losses the urea coated with several natural compounds neem cake, karanj cake and Vitex negundo leaf powder by using adjuvants like castor oil and coal tar are known for nitrification inhibition, to improve the availability and agronomic nitrogen use efficiency and factor productivity of the crops in terms resulted in increased crop yield and BC ratio.

D Sravanthi, B Padmaja, *G Pratibha and **T Prabhakar Reddy

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 695-697
Sunil, *C S Jayaram and K S Jagadish
Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences (GKVK), Bengaluru - 560 065, Karnataka, India *Department of Entomology, Indira Gandhi Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
Biology of predatory green lace wing Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Esben–Peterson) was studied on the various natural hosts viz aphids, whiteflies, mealybugs and Corcyra eggs and different artificial food sources viz honey, protinex and mixture of both for a single generation during 2013–14 at the Department of Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka. The study revealed that the larval period (8 ± 1.89 days), pupal period (9.13 ± 0.0072 days) was relatively shorter and larval weight (0.00871 g) of C. zastrowii was relatively highest when reared on Corcyra eggs than on aphids, whiteflies or mealybugs. This implies that Corcyra eggs were the better laboratory host for rearing Chrysoperla zastrowii larvae than aphids, whiteflies or mealybugs.

Sunil, *C S Jayaram and K S Jagadish

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 698-702
Hukam Chandra and Salil K Tewari
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263 145, Uttarakhand, India
Abstract
Indian aromatic rice is a small group of premium aromatic rice from India, prized in international trade. It is praised for its unique quality aroma, is a connoisuer’s delight, a natures gift to Indian sub continent. The aromatic trait differentiates the highly valued aromatic rice from the other rice types. In the present study, we evaluated the strength of aroma in 45 F1 hybrids and their 10 parents grown in humid sub-tropical zone at the foothills of shivalik range of the Himalayas, popularly known as ‘Tarai’. Of the total 55 rice genotypes, 38 F1 hybrids and 10 varieties possessed strong aromatic strength, four F1 hybrids had moderate aromatic strength whereas three F1 hybrids possessed low aroma. The significance of aromatic strength was tested by DMRT and pair wise comparisons were made among all genotypes. Based on the performance, 55 rice genotypes were grouped into 11 clusters. These clusters and their occupied genotypes were significant at 5% level of significance. In this study most of the rice genotypes performed strong aromatic strength and therefore prospects exists for improvement of aromatic strength on rice.

Hukam Chandra and Salil K Tewari

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 703-704
Nand Kishore Pandey, Krishna Kumar Maravi, Anurag Kerketta and Lokesh Taram
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
A mass of spores (spore print) was taken from a small cross section of mushroom fruiting body of Pleurotus flabellatus. Spore print was taken in an apparatus prepared in the sterile petri-plate poured with 4% sterilized water agar with antibiotics, the gills show against the surface of water agar released basidiospores. With the help of the fine capillary glass needle the individual basidiospores were separated as far as possible from each other. The plates were then incubated at 27 ± 1°C for 36–48 h to allow the germination and proliferation. A water agar disc surrounding the germinated basidiospores with proliferated tiny mycelia, were separated using a sterilized fine tipped inoculation needle and were aseptically transferred to the Potato-Dextrose- Agar (PDA) slants. The growth appeared in the slants incubated at 27 ± 1°C within 3–4 days.

Nand Kishore Pandey, Krishna Kumar Maravi, Anurag Kerketta and Lokesh Taram

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 705-706
Himanshu Ekka
BRSM College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology and Research Station, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Pandariya Road, Chatarkhar, Mungeli - 495 334, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
Paederia foetida is a plant having versatile medicinal properties. Because of this it is used in treatment of of diseases in various traditional folk medicines. Essential oil content of the aerial parts of the plant was found 0.4% (v/w) by using Clevenger apparatus by steam distillation method. Extractive value of different solvents on aerial parts of the plant was found out to be 18.23%, 17.34% and 16.55% for methanol, ethanol and acetone respectively. Extractive value of different solvent for Paederia foetida plant was found to be highest for methanol among three solvents (methanol, ethanol and acetone). Hydrosol and essential oil content of the plant can be used for treatment or prevention of diseases as some portion of its photochemical from leaves gets dissolved in it.

Himanshu Ekka

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 7 - Issue : 3 ; 707-708
Latesh Kawde, Preeti Gawde and Pokharaj Sinh
Department of Entomology, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 006, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
Bio-efficacy of newer insecticidal formulation against brown plant hopper of rice under glass house conditions was conducted at glass house Department of Entomology, Indira Gandhi Agriculture University, Raipur. Among the various treatments, the application of Dinotefuran 4% + Acephate 50% (54%) SG @ 3.51 gl-1 of water with (79.16%) is the most effective with knock down effect in controlling of BPH. The lowest mean mortality was recorded in Buprofezin 25% SC 1.6 gl-1 of water.

Latesh Kawde, Preeti Gawde and Pokharaj Sinh

| Published online : 11-Dec-2016