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P- ISSN: 0976-1675
E- ISSN: 2249-4538

© CARAS (Centre for Advanced Research in Agricultural Sciences)
NAAS Score: 4.56

Volume - 8 - January-February 2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 01-07
Kamalesh K Meena, *Dinesh K Kumawat and *Garima Verma
Department of Dairy and Food Microbiology, College of Dairy and Food Science Technology, MPUAT, Udaipur - 313 001, Rajasthan, India *Department of Zoology, Research Scholar, Govt. Meera Girls College, MLSU, Udaipur - 313 001, Rajasthan, India
Abstract
Fermented milk products containing Lactic Acid Bacteria have been reported to possess a beneficial effect on human including enhanced immune performance, attenuation of lactose intolerance, increased resistance to diseases causing microbes, alleviation of food allergies and the suppression of cancer growth. An optimally working immune system is essential for defense against infectious diseases and cancers. Deficit in any component of the immune system can expose an individual to a greater risk of infection or may increase the severity of disease. There is sufficient reports to suggest that lactic cultures apply their immunomodulatory effects by augmenting both non-specific (e.g. phagocyte function, NK-cell activity) and specific (e.g. antibody production, increase in production of cytokine, lymphocyte proliferation, delayed-type hypersensitivity) host immune responses but still uncertainty exist on specific mechanisms. The action of LAB is species and strain specific and depends on dose also. It is noteworthy that most of the reports supporting these immunomodulatory effects are derived from in vitro and/or animal trials and there is a dearth of carefully designed and suitably controlled clinical trials indicative of immunity development in humans. This review article discusses the effect of Fermented products and LAB on non-specific immune response and highlights gaps in our knowledge that need further research.

Kamalesh K Meena, *Dinesh K Kumawat and *Garima Verma

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 08-14
Soumya Saha, *Y V Singh, *Dinesh Kumar and *Sunita Gaind
ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad- 500 030, Telangana, India *ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi - 110 012, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the Kharif season of 2012 at ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, to study the effect of methods of crop production and nitrogen management on plant growth, productivity and profitability of aromatic rice (Pusa Sugandh 5). The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three methods of crop production viz. conventional transplanting (CT), system of rice intensification (SRI) and aerobic rice (AR) and five nitrogen management treatments viz. 100% recommended dose of N (RDN) (i.e. 120 kg N ha-1) through urea; 125% RDN; 150% RDN; 75% RDN through urea with 25% RDN through FYM and 100% of RDN through FYM. CT and SRI gave significantly higher grain, straw and biological yields than aerobic rice but these two methods showed statistically at par grain, straw and biological yields. There was no significant difference in grain, straw and biological yield at 100% RDN, 125% RDN, 150% RDN and 75% RDN +25% RDN; however, 150% RDN recorded highest grain, straw and biological yields. Lower cost of cultivation and higher B:C ratio was found in different treatments with AR as compared to conventional and SRI method. Highest net return was recorded with 150% RDN through urea under SRI method.

Soumya Saha, *Y V Singh, *Dinesh Kumar and *Sunita Gaind

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 15-19
Bikash Subba and Umesh Das
Department of Agricultural Entomology, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar - 736 165, West Bengal, India
Abstract
The occurrence and sustainable management in tomato was studied for two consecutive years during 2011-2013 at instructional farm of Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya at Pundibari, Coochbehar, West Bengal India. The pest was active throughout the growing period. During 38th standard week to 41st standard week minimum population of whitefly was observed. The maximum population level was maintained during 11th standard week to 18th standard week with peak population (0.47/leaf) was recorded. Weekly population counts on white fly showed non-significant negative correlation (p=0.05) with temperature and weekly total rainfall where as significant negative correlation with relative humidity. The insecticide acetamiprid was found most lethal against whitefly providing 76.59% suppression, closely followed by extract of neem + Spilanthes providing 62.39% suppression. Neem and Spilanthes individually did not produce good results but when used as a mixture they recorded better results. The highest yield (30.15 t/ha) were recorded from acetamiprid treated plots followed by neem + Spilanthes (27.55 t/ha).

Bikash Subba and Umesh Das

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 20-24
Mohana Rao Puli, P R K Prasad, *B Srihari Rao and **M Jayalakshmi
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Agricultural College, Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh, India *BCT Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Vizag, Telangana, India **Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad - 500 070, Telangana, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive years (2011-2012 and 2012-2013) on fine texture soils of Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla to find out the effect of different sources of nutrients on secondary (Ca and Mg) and micro nutrient (Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn) uptake by rice at various growth periods. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design in kharif season with four treatments and replicated five times. The treatments consisted of M1 (RDF- Control), M2 (10t FYM ha-1 + RDF), M3 (1.5t vermicompost ha-1 + RDF), M4 (Green manuring + RDF). The nutrient content in rice at various growth periods was significantly increased with the application of 100% NPK in combination with FYM @ 10t ha-1. However, it was on par with that of green manuring together with 100% NPK during both the years of the study.

Mohana Rao Puli, P R K Prasad, *B Srihari Rao and **M Jayalakshmi

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 25-28
K Bhadre Chandbashi and N Sunitha
Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, ANGRAU, Tirupati - 517 502, Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract
The field experiment was conducted in a split plot design with three replications during kharif, 2013 at S. V. Agricultural College, Tirupati (Andhra Pradesh). The treatments were consisted of six crop geometries viz. 30 cm x 10 cm, 30 cm × 15 cm, 30 cm × 20 cm, 45 cm × 10 cm, 45 × 15 cm, 45 cm × 20 cm in main plots and three nitrogen levels viz. 140 kg ha-1, 180 kg ha-1, 220 kg ha-1 applied to sub plots. The results revealed that adaptation of a crop geometry of 30 cm × 10 cm (3,33,333 plants ha-1) and application of nitrogen @ 220 kg ha-1 recorded the tallest plants, highest leaf area index, dry matter production and green fodder yield whereas the crop geometry of 45 cm × 20 cm (1,11,111 plants ha-1) and 220 kg N ha-1 was found to be the optimum combination for the best quality of fodder maize.

K Bhadre Chandbashi and N Sunitha

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 29-35
Shailesh Pandey, *R K Tiwari and P Sirothia
Department of Agronomy, Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidhyalaya, Chitrakoot, Satna, Madhya Pradesh, India *Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, India
Abstract
A study was conducted continuous two year viz 2012-13 and 2013-14 at Rajoula Agriculture Farm, Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidhyalaya, Chitrakoot, Satna (Madhya Pradesh). The study was aimed at nutrient management and various pattern of pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan L. Millsp] and Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) intercropping systems and fertility balance on productivity under rainfed condition of Kymore plateau of Madhya Pradesh. The result revealed that plant height, trifoliate leaves and dry matter recorded highest under pigeon pea + sesamum (2:2) and 100% NPK to pigeon pea and 100% NPK to sesamum. The paired row intercropping treatment pigeon pea + sesamum (2:2) recorded highest test weight, seed yield and stover yield and nutrient management practice 100% NPK to pigeon pea+ 100% NPK to sesamum registered highest test weight, seed yield and stover yield.

Shailesh Pandey, *R K Tiwari and P Sirothia

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 36-40
Shivarajkumar M Kamble, Manjunatha Hebbara and M V Manjunatha
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad - 580 005, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Distillery waste water popularly called as spent wash is purely of plant origin obtained during fermentation of molasses to produce alcohol using specific strains of yeast. It is a dark reddish brown coloured non-toxic liquid containing residual nutrients from sugarcane and yeast cells with rotten jaggery smell. One of the most important environmental problems faced by the world is management of wastes. Different industries create a variety of wastewater pollutants; which are difficult and costly to treat. The continuous irrigation with spent wash not only pollutes the environment but also results in accumulation of salts in the root zone adversely affecting the crop. The results reveal that soil reaction was slightly alkaline in all treatments and the control was not irrigated with spentwash recorded significantly lower pH. The soil pH increased with increased periods of spent wash application from 5 to 10 years to 10 to 15 years with extended continuous use of spent wash, the soil pH showed declining trend. The mean EC data indicated that there was development of salinity in the soil. Significant effect of different periods of spent wash application was noticed with respect to soil EC. The electrical conductivity was measured to be the higher (3.10 dS m-1) in the treatment that received spent wash for > 20 years. The higher CEC, ESP, base saturation and CaCO3 was found in the treatment that received spent wash for more than 20 years. The application of this primary treated spent wash on land offers a promising alternative as irrigation water and as a source of plant nutrients while offering solutions to the disposal problem.

Shivarajkumar M Kamble, Manjunatha Hebbara and M V Manjunatha

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 41-44
Shah Alam, Rajendra Kumar Seth and D N Shukla
Bhargava Agricultural Botany Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad - 211 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
The result investigate the antifungal properties of aqueous five plant extract viz. Allium sativum, Allium cepa, Azadirachta indica, Datura stramonium and Ricinus communis, were tested against Pyricularia oryzae causal agent of blast disease of paddy. The results indicate that the plant extract with aqueous concentration 1:1 gave better response against P. oryzae. The highest radial growth of mycelium inhibition of P. oryzae, was recorded 47.86% from the extract treatment by Allium sativum while the lowest radial growth of mycelium inhibition was recorded 20.85% by the treatment of the extract Ricinus communis. Whereas on 1:2 concentration against P. oryzae. The highest radial growth of mycelium inhibition of P. oryzae, was recorded 45.64% with the treatment by the extract of Allium sativum while the lowest radial growth of mycelium inhibition was recorded 18.11% from Ricinus communis.

Shah Alam, Rajendra Kumar Seth and D N Shukla

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 45-49
Bikash Subba and Umesh Das
Department of Agricultural Entomology, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar - 736 165, West Bengal, India
Abstract
Incidence of aphids and its botanical management in tomato was assessed by randomized block design for two consecutive rabi and post rabi season s season (2011-2013) separately at Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidhyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal. The low level of population (0.19 to 0.50/leaf) was counted on 38 to 40, 52 to 5 and 18 to 22 SMW when average temperature, relative humidity and weekly rainfall ranged from 15.71°C-28.86°C, 70.42%-92.93% and 0.00mm-240.20mm, respectively. Persistent high population (0.62-2.69/leaf) was maintained on 41 to 51 and 6 to 17 SMW when average temperature, relative humidity and weekly rainfall ranged from 18.33°C-27.83°C, 47.85%-92.39% and 0.00mm-63.40mm, respectively. The weather parameter such as temperature (maximum, minimum and average) had a non-significant positive influence on aphids while non-significant negative influence with rainfall (weekly total). In addition, other factors such as relative humidity (average), temperature (difference) express significant positive effect on population development. In case of relative humidity (maximum and minimum) significant negative correlation was observe. In management trial acetamiprid suppress 85.11% aphids closely followed by neem + Spilanthes (73.29%). Other treatment viz Polygonum plant extracts, Spilanthes, tobacco extracts, neem pesticides and garlic extracts were found to be moderately effective against aphids providing 63.49%, 60.66%, 60.54%, 59.83%, and 53.83% suppression respectively. The lowest yield and highest yield was recorded from control plots (18.32 t/ha) and acetamiprid treated plots. Significantly different yield was recorded from neem + Spilanthes (27.55 t/ha), Spilanthes extract (26.67 t/ha) and Polygonum extrac (26.32 t/ha). Other than control plots the lowest yield were recorded from garlic treated (23.11 t/ha) plots which is close to tobacco extract (24.0 t/ha) treated plots.

Bikash Subba and Umesh Das

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 50-53
Rupender Kumar, R S Hudda and Manjeet
Department of Extension Education, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hissar - 125 004 Haryana, India
Abstract
The study was conducted in Haryana state, in two districts Bhiwani and Yamunanagar were selected purposively, because of one from South Haryana and the other from North Haryana. Bhiwani and Yamunanagar Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) were selected purposively. Bhaganwala, Sawad villages were selected randomly from Bhiwani and Dhanaura, Salapur villages were selected randomly from Yamunanagar as the watershed villages. Kharkhadisohan, Missri, villages were selected randomly from Bhiwani and Bhita, Sabhapur villages were selected randomly from Yamunanagar as the non- watershed villages. Regarding land use pattern of respondents, the results showed that respondents from watershed villages had higher per cent of net cropped area and gross cropped area, higher cropping intensity and irrigation intensity than the respondents from non-watershed villages. These results showed the positive impact of integrated watershed management programme. The Productivity of crops, it was found that average yield for almost all crops achieved by respondents from watershed villages was markedly higher than those achieved by the respondents from non-watershed villages. This clearly indicated that integrated watershed management programme had positive and significant impact on crop yield.

Rupender Kumar, R S Hudda and Manjeet

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 54-57
Kaustubh R Deshmukh, Megha H Dahale, Swapnil D Deshmukh and Kuntal Satkar
Department of Horticulture, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola - 444 104, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of maturity stages and post harvest treatments of Potassium permanganate on chemical properties of Banana during ambient storage. The experiment was laid out in factorial completely randomized design with two factors, maturity stages with two levels viz. matured fruit, half matured fruit and potassium permanganate concentrations with three levels with six treatment combinations replicated four times. In respect of among different potassium permanganate concentrations, KMnO4 1% concentration found maximum titrable acidity, ascorbic acid content and minimum total soluble solids, total sugars, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars. The combined effect of maturity stages and different Potassium Permanganate concentrations indicates that, banana fruits treated with half matured stage and KMnO4 1% concentration recorded significant performance on the chemical properties.

Kaustubh R Deshmukh, Megha H Dahale, Swapnil D Deshmukh and Kuntal Satkar

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 58-63
M Senthilkumar and *R Krishnamoorthy
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 003, Tamil Nadu, India *Agricultural College and Research Institute (Tamil Nadu Agricultural University), Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
A pot culture experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of tripartite relationship between Pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophs (PPFM), Azospirillum and phosphobacteria in cotton and standardizing the method of application. The treatment consisted of single and combined application of three bioinoculants as seed imbibition, seed treatment and soil application methods. The results of the study revealed that the application of combined inoculation of PPFM and Azospirillum by seed imbibition method has a significant role in the crop establishment upto 90 DAS with respect to shoot length, root length, and biomass yield. While the later stage of the crop was greatly influenced by phosphobacteria combined with PPFM by seed treatment and seed imbibition method. The beneficial effect on cotton due to the application of PPFM was comparable with both Azospirillum and phosphobacteria. Seed treatment or seed imbibition is an effective method for the combined application bioinoculants in cotton.

M Senthilkumar and *R Krishnamoorthy

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 64-69
Mohana Rao Puli, P R K Prasad, *M Jayalakshmi and **B Srihari Rao
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Agricultural College, Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh, India *Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad - 500 070, Telangana, India **BCT Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Vizag, Telangana, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive years (2011-2012 and 2012-2013) as doctoral research on fine texture soils of Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla to find out the effect of different sources of nutrients on NPK uptake by rice at various growth periods. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design in kharif season with four treatments and replicated five times. The treatments consisted of M1 (RDF - Control), M2 (10t FYM ha-1 + RDF), M3 (1.5t vermicompost ha-1 + RDF), M4 (Green manuring + RDF). The NPK uptake by rice at various growth periods was significantly increased with the application of 100% NPK in combination with FYM @ 10t ha-1. However, it was on par with that of green manuring together with 100% NPK during both the years of the study.

Mohana Rao Puli, P R K Prasad, *M Jayalakshmi and **B Srihari Rao

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 70-72
Virendra Kumar Yadaw
Rural Agriculture Extension Officer, District Kabirdham - 491 995, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
The present study was conducted in Kawardha, Pandariya and Bodala blocks in Kawardha district of Chhattisgarh state. One hundred and fifty farmers were selected randomly from four villages comprised of marginal (54), small (53), medium (27) and large (16). The major findings of this study revealed that the overall farm size of sample farms was 1.86 hectares and average literacy percentage of sample households was 64.12 per cent. The overall cropping intensity among sample farms was found to be 255.15%. The major crops grown by the farmers were rice and soybean in kharif and sugarcane, gram and wheat in rabi and vegetable in summer season. The average irrigated area of sampled household was noticed to be 1.60 ha per farm; tube-well shared the maximum area 75.62%. The overall cost of cultivation of sugarcane was found to be ₹ 94586.85 per ha and cost of production was ₹ 111.95 per quintal sugarcane. The overall yield of sugarcane was 844.89 quintal per ha in sample farms input – output ratio was 1:2.13. From the quantity of sugarcane produced at field level, nearly, 69.66 per cent was sold out by farmers to sugar factory and remaining 30.34% quantity of sugarcane was sold out by farmer to Gur uddyod.

Virendra Kumar Yadaw

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 73-75
R Praveen Babu and *G Sivanarayana
Department of Agricultural Extension, Agricultural College, Bapatla - 522 101, Andhra Pradesh, India *DAATT Centre Ongole Prakasam District, ANGR Agricultural University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract
Rice is the most important cereal crop in India. The study was conducted in four Mandals in East Godavari district, a total of 120 paddy farmers were selected based on proportionate random sampling. The study revealed that majority of the Paddy farmers were of medium adoption (67.50%) followed by high (17.50%) and low (15.00%). The relationship between the profile characteristics of Paddy farmers and their adoption level was observed that the computed ‘r’ values of education, farming experience, extension contact, mass media exposure, innovativeness, risk orientation and economic orientation were found to be significant at 0.01 level of probability. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that all the selected 14 independent variables put together, explained about 75 per cent variation in the extent of adoption of recommended practices. The independent variables namely education, extension contact, and economic orientation were found to be positively significant with the extent of adoption.

R Praveen Babu and *G Sivanarayana

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 76-79
K Rajendra Prasad, K V Radha Krishna and *L V Subba Rao
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India *Crop Improvement Section, Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India
Abstract
Genotypic differences in grain quality including amylose content, gelatinization temperature through alkali spreading value (ASV) and phenol reaction of lemma of fifty boro rice genotypes were assessed. The data revealed huge variations in these parameters. The genetic resources available for rice make it possible to examine the morphological characterization and evolution of traits characterizing this germplasm. The phenol reaction is one of the hallmark traits that differentiate the two major variety groups of domesticated rice: japonica varieties are negative for the phenol reaction, whereas indica varieties (as well as wild Oryza species) are positive. Here we assess the phenol reaction – a classical trait for distinguishing among cultivated rice varieties – in boro rice at the phenotypic levels. Most of the genotypes (62%) are positive for the phenol reaction, and remaining 38% of samples showed negative response. Gelatinization temperature is an important parameter for rice cooking and eating quality, 16 genotypes were showed Low, 25 genotypes showed Medium, 7 genotypes High -Medium and 2 genotypes recorded Highest. Amylose content is considered as crucial indicator of rice grain quality. Grain quality plays major role in consumer. Acceptance of rice grain which is region specific and generally sticky rice contains low amylose while well separated rice contains intermediate amylose content (20-25%). Hence, amylose estimation is one of the chief indicators in the selection of rice varieties. Amylose content revealed that 11 genotypes showed were lowest, 34 genotypes medium and 5genotypes recorded highest.

K Rajendra Prasad, K V Radha Krishna and *L V Subba Rao

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 80-84
B Ashokkannan, *A Rohini and *D Murugananthi
Forest College and Research Institute (TNAU), Mettupalayam, Odanthurai - 641 301, Tamil Nadu, India *Department of Agriculture and Rural Management, Center for Agriculture and Rural Development Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 002, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Agroforestry system with the integration of perennial woody trees is most suitable technology for increasing total productivity of food, feed, fuel and thereby reducing the risk of farming. This ensures sustained availability of multiple products as direct benefits including the reduction of land degradation. This study was undertaken with the overall objective to analyze the cost and returns of Amla cultivation in Tamil Nadu. Erode, Dindigul and Namakkal districts of Tamil Nadu were selected for the study. Data were collected from 120 sample farmers by personal interview. Cost structure revealed by the study shows that the total cost of cultivation of Amla was estimated as ₹ 14871.10 per hectare with ₹ 3033.46 per hectare per year as establishment cost and ₹ 11862.62 per hectare per year as maintenance cost. Total cost has been estimated to be ₹ 178753.10 per hectare whereas sum for the stream of gross returns was estimated to be ₹ 939893 per hectare. Similarly the total net returns and production were estimated to be ₹ 761139.92. The net present value, benefit-cost ratio, internal rate of return for investment was found to be ₹ 304198.7, 4.07 and 54.13 percent, respectively. Amla cultivation has gained momentum and results indicate the feasibility.

B Ashokkannan, *A Rohini and *D Murugananthi

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 85-90
R K Patel and G S Tomar
Department of Agronomy, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of SWI and integrated nitrogen management on growth, yield attributes and yield of wheat at the Instructional Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, (Chhattisgarh) during rabi 2014-15. Treatments comprised of three methods of sowing viz. SWI (M1), line sowing (M2) and broadcasting (M3) and six levels of N fertilizers viz., urea and FYM were combined in a way to supply N at 120 kg ha-1 from both sources in 0:0 (N0), 100:0 (N1), 75:25 (N2), 50:50 (N3), 25:75 (N4) and 0:100 (N5) ratios arranged in a split plot design with three replications. SWI demonstrated highest values for all the growth (plant height, number of leaves, tillers, leaf area and dry matter production) and yield attributes namely effective tillers, length of ear head and test weight and the lowest by broadcasting. Results further revealed that wheat planted with SWI recorded highest grain yield (32.87q ha-1), straw yield (45.14 q ha-1), higher test weight. The RDN at 120 kg ha-1 applied in an integrated manner through mineral (urea) and organic (FYM) sources at 75:25 ratios resulted significantly highest grain (34.75 q ha-1) and straw (50.16 q ha-1) yield of wheat as well as economical and eco-friendly for sustainable agriculture.

R K Patel and G S Tomar

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 91-94
Shakuntala Devi Irugu, K Suhasini and B Neeraja Prabhakar
Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, PJTSAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad- 500 030, Telangana, India
Abstract
Sunflower is one of the most important oilseed crops grown in Andhra Pradesh. The input-output relation of sunflower production via Cobb-Douglas production function was examined in this study. The data used in the study were collected from 80farmers in Kurnool district which has highest sunflower area in Andhra Pradesh. Estimation of Cobb-Douglas production function indicated increasing returns to scale in the study area. MVPs compared to the respective opportunity cost, the ratio is positive and greater than zero for human labour, bullock labour, seed, FYM and fertilizers indicating the scope for increasing the returns by enhancing the input application.

Shakuntala Devi Irugu, K Suhasini and B Neeraja Prabhakar

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 95-99
M M Deshmukh and S Vanitha
Department of Sericulture, Tamil Nadu Agriculture University, Coimbatore - 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
In order to study the efficacy of botanicals, nutrients and organic amendments against mulberry root rot. Ten plant species, six nutrients and five organice amendments were screened under in vitro conditions for the management of mulberry root rot (Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi.) Goid.). Among them, two plants extracts viz. curry leaf (Murraya koenigii L.) and coleus leaf (Coleus forskohlii) showed 67.77 percent and 61.10 per cent inhibition of mycelial growth over control respectively. Zinc sulphate (0.1 %) inhibited the mycelial growth and sclerotial production to a tune of (68.81%) and (70.19%) over control, respectively. Jatropha cake (5%) was found best with (84.72%) and (84.20%) inhibition of mycelial growth and sclerotial production over control, respectively. In the pot culture experiments, dry formulation of M. koenigii and C. forskohlii (10 %) was found to be superior compared to liquid formulation and recorded (78.23%) and (69.71%) reduction over control, respectively. Among the nutrients, zinc sulphate (0.1%) showed (53.46%) reduction over control. In case of organic amendments Jatropha cake (5 g/plant) recorded (80.15%) reduction over control. In field experiments, M. koenigii dry formulation (100g / plant) and C. forskohlii dry formulation (100g/ plant) were recorded (66.42%) and (64.73%) per cent reduction over control, respectively. In case of nutrients and organic amendments, drenching Zinc sulphate (0.1%) and Jatropha cake @ 5g / plant recorded (42.94%) and (39.66%) reduction over control, respectively.

M M Deshmukh and S Vanitha

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 100-103
Das Ratan1, R Veere Gowda2, Lakshmana Reddy D C3, Sudarshini K Venkat4 and Himanshu Pandey5
1College of Horticulture (University of Horticultural Sciences), Bengaluru - 560 065, Karnataka, India 2Division of Vegetable Crops, 3Division of Biotechnology, 4Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore, Hessaraghatta, Bengaluru - 560 089, Karnataka, India 5Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences (GKVK), Bengaluru - 560 065, Karnataka, India
Abstract
A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based approach, namely simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis was carried out with 121 germplasm of onion (Allium cepa L.)in order to assess the degree of polymorphism within the genes and the genetic variability among the selected germplasm.In order to achieve the same, 13 polymorphic markers were used. Study of phylogenetic tree reviled that there are significant genetic diversity among the population and they clustered according to genetic similarity. Study of Gene diversity, Polymorphic information, heterozygosity and major allele frequency also suggest the presence of genetic diversity among the germplasm. PIC valuesvaried from 0.32 (gSSR22) to 0.47 (ACM20), with an average of 0.40, suggesting that the EST-SSRs used in this study were informative.

Das Ratan1, R Veere Gowda2, Lakshmana Reddy D C3, Sudarshini K Venkat4 and Himanshu Pandey5

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 104-112
G C Nagesh, R Mulge, G R Santhosha, S G Parashuram and L B Basavaraj
Department of Vegetable Science, K. R. C. College of Horticulture (UHS Bagalkot), Arabhavi, Karnataka, India
Abstract
The present study was conducted to estimate the magnitude of heterosis and to identify the good combiners for growth and earliness parameters in okra. Fifty four F1 hybrids generated by line x tester mating design were evaluated along with 21 parents and commercial check in a randomized block design with two replications. Appreciable heterosis was observed in desirable direction over better parent and commercial check for all the traits studied. Highest standard heterosis were recorded in the crosses KON-7 x IC90174 (55.44%), KON-10 x IC90174 (107.03%) and (-16.80%), KON-14 x AAN (26.19%), KON-16 x AAN and KON-10 x IC90174 (40.91%), KON-6 x AAN and KON-17 x AAN (-7.59%), KON-10 x IC90174 and KON-15 x KON-19 and KON-3 x KON-19 (-32.14%) for plant height, area of index leaf and internodal length, number of branches per plant, number of nodes per plant, days to first flowering, days to 50 percent flowering and nodes upto first flowering respectively. The lines KON-12 (10.79), KON-18 (67.71), KON-1 (-1.18), KON-3 (0.76), KON-16 (1.59), AAN (-0.86) and KON-5 (-0.37) were identified as good general combiners for plant height, area of index leaf, internodal length, number of branches per plant, number of nodes per plant, days to first flowering and nodes upto first flowering respectively. The crosses KON-7 x IC90174 (20.86), KON-10 x IC90174 (133.72) and (3.97), KON-2 x AAN (-2.52), KON-2 x IC90174 (1.83), KON-3 x KON-19 (-0.61) were identified as good specific combiners for plant height, area of index leaf and number of nodes per plant, internodal length, number of branches per plant, and nodes upto first flowering respectively. The present study reveals good scope for commercial exploitation of heterosis for growth and earliness parameters in okra.

G C Nagesh, R Mulge, G R Santhosha, S G Parashuram and L B Basavaraj

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 113-116
R Raghuwanshi, D Khalkho, P Katre and M P Tripathi
Department of Soil and Water Engineering, SVCAET and RS, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidayalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisagrh, India
Abstract
Water ensures food security, feed livestock, maintain organic life and fulfill domestic and industrial needs. Presently the annual agricultural output is just sufficient to sustain our food grain requirement. To meet the challenge of regular expansion of size of population, the productivity of the land and water has to enhance, as both the resources are limited. In this study a Linear Programming model was developed to maximize the net returns of the farmers and to reduce the water requirement. A suitable crop plan for a small area of 12 ha is proposed which includes crops such as cereals, pulses, oilseed, and vegetables. On the basis of this crop plan the outcome can be increased by ₹ 51793.00 as compared to existing cropping pattern, moreover the ample amount of precious water, 130 ha-cm (20%) in kharif and 582 ha-cm (40%) during rabi could be saved and utilized for additional area under crop. Moreover same crop plan can be replicated to entire command area of irrigation tank. Designed culturable area of irrigation tank is 2755 ha, however existing culturable command area 1388 ha. The amount of water saved from diversified cropping pattern shell be used to minimize this gap.

R Raghuwanshi, D Khalkho, P Katre and M P Tripathi

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 117-119
Pragati Verma, Dhiraj Khalkho, Prafull Katre and M P Tripathi
Department of Soil and Water Engineering, SVCAET and RS, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidayalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisagrh, India
Abstract
Dongargaon and Rajnandgaon blocks of Rajnandgaon district falls in the semi-critical stage of groundwater development. The stage of the ground water development in these blocks is 79.03% and 82.37% respectively. The present study was aimed to identify appropriate location for artificial recharge structure in these semi-critical blocks. The thematic maps are generated using GIS tools. The accurate information of parameters is necessary that can be considered for identifying the ground water potential zone such as districts and Block boundary, geology, slope, drainage, soil texture, water level depth and lineament were generated using the satellite data and Survey of India (SOI) toposheets of scale 1:50000. Satellite image was classified using supervised classification method to generated land use land cover map of the study area. The total geographical area of Rajnandgaon was found to be 804257 ha. The upper, middle and lower reaches of drainage lines were considered for different sizes of check dam. The site for percolation tank was identified based on sink points for ground water recharge. The field survey of study areas was also carried out to find out the suitability of proposed artificial ground water recharge structures. It was concluded that suitable area for artificial recharge structures in these districts was found to be 76.1 and 100 percent, respectively. Finally locations were identified for check dams, where as locations were identified for percolation tanks in Rajnandgaon district. 475 numbers of groundwater recharging sites were identified in the Rajnandgaon district respectively. Due to construction of structures 882.95 Mm3 of runoff water will be available for recharge in Rajnandgaon districts respectively.

Pragati Verma, Dhiraj Khalkho, Prafull Katre and M P Tripathi

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 120-122
Abhinav Sao, *Preeti Singh, *Prafull Kumar and *Adikant Pradhan
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India *S. G. College of Agriculture and Research Station, Jagdalpur - 404 001, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
Twenty seven advance breeding lines of Kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L.) were evaluated to assess genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for eight yield component traits. The coefficient of variation at phenotypic and genotypic levels were high for fodder weight and grain weight and moderate for the traits viz. number of tillers and length of panicles. Low PCV and GCV were observed in the traits days to maturity, number of panicles, days to 50% flowering and plant height. Results revealed high heritability coupled with high genetic advance for days to 50% flowering, length of panicles, days to maturity, fodder weight and grain yield per plant, which indicates the predominance of additive gene effects, in controlling these traits, early and simple selection could be exercised due to fixable additive gene effects.

Abhinav Sao, *Preeti Singh, *Prafull Kumar and *Adikant Pradhan

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 123-125
Shweta, D S Duhan, Amandeep Kaur and Anurag
Department of Agronomy, CCS Haryana Agriculture University, Hisar - 125 004, Haryana, India
Abstract
Field experiment was conducted at vegetable block farm, CCS Haryana Agriculture University, Hisar during kharif 2014. The experiment was laid out in randomized block deign with 6 replication. There are 3 spacing 15 × 15 cm, 15 × 20 cm and 20 × 20 cm. The spacing observed significant indices of the growth; yield contributing and yield viz. plant height, plant dry weight, number of cob per hectare, length of cob, girth of cob and cob yield during the study. The significantly higher plant height was observed under 15 × 20 cm spacing over 15 × 15 cm spacing and at par with 20 × 20 cm spacing. The dry matter production under 15 × 20 cm spacing was 8.33% and 3.72% higher over to 15 × 15 cm and 20 × 20 cm spacing respectively. Significantly higher baby corn yield was recorded with 15 × 20 cm as compared to other spacing and at par with 20 × 20 cm spacing.

Shweta, D S Duhan, Amandeep Kaur and Anurag

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 126-128
Amrotin Teta, Vandana Shukla, A S Kotesthane and C P Khare
Department of Plant Pathology, Indira Gandhi Agriculture University, Raipur - 492 006, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
Biochemical characterization of five selected isolates of fluorescent Pseudomonas was performed at Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. All the five isolates of fluorescent Pseudomonas showed positive response for citrate utilization, Tetrazolium test, Malachite green broth and Oxidase test. Out of them three isolates (P66, P200, P260) showed proteolytic activity (casein hydrolysis) by inducing clear zones around the cells on Skim milk agar medium. Four isolates (80%) were negative for nitrate reduction test which was performed in nitrate broth and one isolate (20%) gave positive response (out of which one isolate P66 was positive before addition of zinc and all isolates P66, P141, P200, P229 and P260 showed positive response after addition of zinc). Only one isolate P66 was positive for Phenylalanine test as indicated by appearance of green colour after addition of few drops of 10% aq. ferric chloride to the cultures grown in phenylalanine amended medium. In Tributyrin agar medium isolates two (40%) were showed lipolytic activity except P66 and P141. TSI response was A/K type (acidic butt and alkaline slant i.e. dextrose was fermented) for only one Pseudomonas isolate (P141) and Acid butt and slant i.e. glucose was fermented) for 3 Pseudomonas isolate P 260, P200, and P229. Hugh-leifson’s medium indicated their ability to ferment glucose aerobically (unsealed) as well as anaerobically (sealed). Four fermentative Pseudomonas isolates (P141, P200, P229 and P260) produced acid in sealed tubes (in anaerobic condition) and three isolates (P66, P141, P260).

Amrotin Teta, Vandana Shukla, A S Kotesthane and C P Khare

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 129-133
Ankit Dayal and *Vinod Kumar Modi
Vaugh School of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad - 211 007, Uttar Pradesh, India *Meat, Fish and Poultry Technology, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore - 570 020, Karnataka, India
Abstract
A process for shelf stable, ready-to-use nutritionally rich chicken based egg spread (CBES) with different levels of cooked chicken was developed. The formulation contained optimized quantities of whole liquid egg, soya protein isolate, xanthan gum and pectin, as an emulsifier and thickening agent. The homogenized developed spread was packed in laminated metalized polyester pouches, stored at ambient temperature (27±2ºC) and refrigerated temperature (4±2ºC). The product was preserved at low pH (3.4-3.7) and low water activity (0.91). The protein content of CBES with 5, 10 and 15 percent cooked chicken were 12.44, 14.31 and 15.31% and total fat content was 31.88, 32.14 and 32.74% respectively. All the samples stored at ambient and refrigerated temperature did not show noticeable changes in lipid oxidation measured in terms of TBA and FFA. The rheological properties studied in terms of viscosity, shear rate and shear stress revealed that the developed emulsion in spread was stable during storage. Sensory consumer's evaluation of fresh sample revealed that overall liking had a strong positive response. The total plate count in product was in the range of ̴2.0 log cfu/gm, whereas total staphylococcus counts in CBES-5 stored under ambient temperature for four weeks, decreased from 2.47-2.23 log cfu/gm.

Ankit Dayal and *Vinod Kumar Modi

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 134-139
M R A Manimala and S P Sundaram
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural College and Research Institute (TNAU), Madurai - 625 104, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out to determine the effect of enhancing the AM fungi (Glomus sp.) root infection with PGPR (Methylobacterium sp.) isolates on the growth and nutrient uptake of maize var (MDU2). The study was carried out with methylobacterial isolates obtained from present study, treatments such as T1-Uninoculate, T2- Methylobacterium sp LE1, T3- Methylobacterium sp AI1, T4- Glomus sp, T5- Methylobacterium sp LE1 + Glomus sp, T6- Methylobacterium sp AI1 + Glomus sp were respectively used in this experiment. The population of AM fungi and Methylobacterium were enumerated at 30, 60 and 90 days, likewise the plant growth parameters (shoot length, root length and chlorophyll content as well as nutrient content (N, P, K) were examined. From the above findings, treatment such as T6 (Methylobacterium sp. AI1 + AM fungi) followed by T5 (Methylobacterium sp. LE1 + AM fungi) responding better for combined inoculation which resulted in a significant interactive effect on spore count, mycorrhizol root colonization and nutrient uptake in maize compared to untreated plants.

M R A Manimala and S P Sundaram

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 140-144
S Mangaraj, L H Malligawad and V K Didal
Department of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad - 580 005, Karnataka, India
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out during kharif 2015 with thirteen ratios of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P2O5) fertilizers with constant potassium level (25 kg K2O ha-1) on soybean cultivar DSb 21 at MARS, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. The treatment receiving N/P fertilizer ratio of 0.70 (basal application of 18 kg N, 46 kg P2O5, 25 kg K2O ha-1 + foliar application of nitrogen @ 7 kg N ha-1 at initiation of flowering and foliar application of nitrogen @ 7 kg N ha-1 at 15 days after first foliar spray) recorded significantly higher leaf area index (4.21); chlorophyll content at initiation of flowering (both before 5 days i.e. 38.97 and after 5 days i.e. 40.69) of the foliar application as compared to control (i.e. 32.71 and 33.62, respectively) and potassium alone (34.12 and 34.68, respectively). Similarly the treatment receiving N/P fertilizer ratio of 0.70 recorded significantly higher seed germination (94.00%) as compared to control (N/P fertilizer ratio of 0.00 with and without potassium fertilizer) (88.33% and 90.67%, respectively).

S Mangaraj, L H Malligawad and V K Didal

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 145-148
Ashish Kumar Gupta, M L Sharma and *N K Gupta
Department of Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India *Agriculture Department, Government of Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
An attempt has been made in this paper to investigate the socio-economic profile of tribes in Bilaspur district of Chhattisgarh during the year 2014-2015. 135 respondents were selected for this study from three blocks of the Bilaspur district. Respondents were interviewed personally through pretested interview schedule. Collected data were analyzed with the help of suitable statistical methods. In this investigation it was found that, out of 135 respondents majority (39.26%) of them belonged to primary school level of education, 50.37% of them had small family size (up to 5 members), had above 25 years of experience in collection of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) (64.44%) and 54.81% of them had no social participation. Majority (72.60%) were involved in 2 to 3 occupations, had annual income between ₹ 35,000 to ₹ 70,000 (48.89%) and 68.89% of them had annual expenditure less than ₹ 30,000. Whereas 53.33% of them had high cosmopoliteness, while 68.89% of them had both high level of economic motivation as well as medium level of aspiration and only 75.56% of them were utilizing 3 to 6 information sources.

Ashish Kumar Gupta, M L Sharma and *N K Gupta

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 149-151
Binita Rani, Rajeev Kumar and Prakash Chandra Gupta
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Agwanpur, Barh, Patna - 803 214, Bihar, India
Abstract
Cluster Frontline Demonstration was conducted by Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Patna, Bihar to study the impact of improved cultivar, seed treatment, sulphur application and weed management on production and productivity of field pea, lentil and chickpea. It was observed that Prakash variety of field pea performed very good as compared to local variety as there was 31.81% yield gap between both the varieties. In the same manner, HUL-57 of lentil gave 27.08% higher yield in comparison to the local variety. GNG 1581 and BG-372 variety of chickpea showed 37.63% and 27.32% rise in yield as compared to the local varieties used by farmers of different blocks of Patna district. This study clearly indicates that the use of improved varieties of field pea, lentil and chickpea with scientific package and practices can play a major role in improving the quantity of seed production of pulses and may contribute significantly in state and national pulse production programme.

Binita Rani, Rajeev Kumar and Prakash Chandra Gupta

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 152-154
Ashish Kumar Gupta, M L Sharma and S Limje
Department of Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
In this study an emphasis has been given on the analysis of income and expenditure pattern of tribal households in Bilaspur district of Chhattisgarh. In this study total 135 tribal household were taken into account for the collection of primary data. Pretested interview schedule was used for collection of primary data. The outcome of this study indicates that 63.70 per cent of tribal households had the household size between 5 to 10 members. Cent per cent tribal households were involved in Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) collection, while 75.56 per cent were adopted agriculture as their main occupation. The tribal households had the average annual income of ₹ 46374.32. Wage earning was the major source of annual income for 30.37 per cent of tribal households. It was found that the respondents were spending major portion of their annual income (i.e. 26.04%) on food items. Correlation analysis reveals that annual income positively and highly significantly correlated with annual expenditure at 0.01 level of probability. Where as simple linear regression analysis exhibits that one unit increase in annual income will raise annual expenditure by 0.138 units.

Ashish Kumar Gupta, M L Sharma and S Limje

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 155-158
Sanjay Kumar Yadav, H C Nanda, Naveen Kumar Markam and F C Sao
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
A field experiment with 6 parents and their 15 hybrid obtained from half diallel mating design was carried out in three replication during rabi 2012-13 to study combining ability for yield and quality traits in field pea. The general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) effects were highly significant, indicating both additive and non-additive type of gene action. The variance due to sca was higher than gca in all studied traits, indicating the presence of non-additive gene action. The parent Ambika was found to be the best general combiner for plant height, primary branches plant-1, stipule length, stipule width, number of pods plant-1 and hundred seed weight. Whereas, parent DDR-27 was noted as best general combiner for earliness. Among crosses, cross Paras x DDR-27 was registered as best specific combiner for traits viz. leaflet length, number of seeds pod-1, seed yield plant-1, and protein content. Similarly, cross Subhra x Pant P-25 was registered as best cross combination for characters plant height, primary branches plant-1, hundred seed weight, seed yield plant-1, biological yield plant-1 and protein content. Cross Ambika x DDR-27 was recorded best cross for characters plant height, stipule length, stipule width, pods plant-1, number of seeds plant-1. Hence, these crosses can be exploited in future breeding programme.

Sanjay Kumar Yadav, H C Nanda, Naveen Kumar Markam and F C Sao

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 159-163
Jarupula Suman, B S Dwivedi, A K Dwivedi and S K Pandey
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur - 482 004, Madhya Padesh, India
Abstract
Long term experimental result reveals that the soil pH and EC value were remain unchanged. The highest OC content was recorded with 100% NPK dose + FYM treatment combination similarly, the available N, P, K and S content in soil and uptake was found to be higher at 100% NPK + FYM followed by 150% NPK fertilizer dose, lowest content was noted in control and 100% N alone. However, in general higher content and uptake of nutrients was found in grain as compared to straw. Highest pooled average grain yields, protein and oil content of soybean were obtained in treatment receiving optimal dose of NPK along with organic manure (100% NPK + FYM) and the lowest yields of soybean was recorded in control fallowed by N alone fertilizer.

Jarupula Suman, B S Dwivedi, A K Dwivedi and S K Pandey

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 164-167
Naveen Kumar Markam, Ravindra Kumar Verma, Ishu Kumar Khute, Sanjay Kumar Yadav, Swagatika Khandual and A K Sarawgi
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
The genetic divergence study was conducted to estimate the nature and magnitude of diversity in 47 rice genotypes including one local check variety poornima during rabi season 2012. The 47 rice genotypes were grouped into six clusters on the basis of Mahalanobis D2 statistics. Thirteen yield and six quality traits were recorded on the genotypes raised in the completely randomized block design with three replications. The inter-cluster distances were higher than the intra-cluster distances reflecting wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different groups. The genotypes under cluster III (3.516) indicating greater genetic divergence among them as it exhibited highest intra-cluster distance followed by cluster IV (3.331), cluster V (3.120), cluster I (2.962), cluster II (2.436) and minimum intra-cluster distance was shown by cluster VI (2.399). The maximum inter-cluster distance was found between cluster I and III (6.431) followed by clusters II and cluster III (6.074), cluster VI and cluster III (6.004), cluster VI and cluster IV (5.592) and minimum inter-cluster distance was observed in between cluster V and cluster I (3.306) indicating wide genetic diversity and it may be used in rice hybridization programme for improving grain yield.

Naveen Kumar Markam, Ravindra Kumar Verma, Ishu Kumar Khute, Sanjay Kumar Yadav, Swagatika Khandual and A K Sarawgi

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 168-171
Krishan Yadav, Ashok Kumar, Rajesh Kumar and R S Hudda
Directorate of Extension Education, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar - 125 004, Haryana, India
Abstract
In a country like India, where the printed words cannot go very far because of wide spread illiteracy, the community radio can a play a significant role in revamping extension network not only for the purpose of dissemination of views and information, but also for education, advertisement and entertainment. Most scholars agree with the fact that the condition of the poorest of the poor can be improved by providing them with the most basic information by involving them so that sustainable development can be achieved. One such Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is Community Radio Station (CRS) which caters to the need of rural community by involving them in every aspect of operationalization and management. This study was conducted in Hisar district of Haryana to assess the perception about quality of programmes and impact of community radio station on farming community of district Hisar (Haryana). The Community Radio Station (CRS, CCSHAU, Hisar-91.2 MHz) covers the area of approximately 15 Kilometers radius around the university. Therefore, four villages from the coverage area in all four directions were selected. Forty farmers who were listening CRS, CCSHAU, Hisar-91.2 MHz were selected randomly from each village. Observations related to awareness, broadcast quality of programmes and Impact analyses were recorded of total number of 16- CRS listeners.

Krishan Yadav, Ashok Kumar, Rajesh Kumar and R S Hudda

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 172-180
Khalid Rehman and Parvaze Ahmad Sofi
Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Wadura, Sopore - 193 201, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Abstract
Twenty genotypes of common bean were evaluated for root and shoot traits under laboratory and greenhouse conditions to assess degree of correspondence in relation to drought stress. Under laboratory conditions, basal root growth angle was shallowest in WB-451 followed by WB-1587 and WB-222 and narrowest in case of WB-216. Tap root length was highest in case of WB-1492 followed by WB-401 and WB-1634 while as lowest value was recorded for SR-1. Highest value for basal root number was recorded for WB-956 followed by WB-6 and WB-257 and lowest value observed for WB-83 Total root length was highest in case of WB-216 (71.467) followed by WB-185 and WB-956 while as lowest value was recorded for WB-401. The lateral root number was highest in case of WB-185 and lowest in case of SR-1. Under the greenhouse conditions, root to total biomass was highest for WB-1634, followed by SFB-1 and Arka Anoop and lowest for WB-222 under drought, whereas under irrigated conditions, highest value was recorded for WB-216 followed by WB-1446 and lowest value recorded for Arka Anoop. Root to total biomass was highest for WB-451 followed by WB-222 and lowest in case of WB-1634 under drought, but recorded highest values for Arka Anoop followed by WB-185 and WB-401 and lowest value for WB-216 under irrigated conditions. Similarly, under drought, root shoot ratio was highest for WB-1634 followed by SFB-1 and lowest in case of WB-451, but under irrigated conditions, highest values were recorded for WB-216 and lowest for WB-83. Highest values for percent root biomass at top was recorded for WB-341 and lowest for SFB-1 under drought whereas under irrigated conditions, highest values was recorded for WB-401 and lowest value recorded for WB-956. For percent root biomass at bottom, under drought, highest value was found in case of WB-112 followed by WB-216 and lowest value for WB-341, but under irrigated conditions, highest value was recorded for WB-216 followed by WB-956 whereas lowest value was recorded for WB-1643. Significant correlations were recorded between laboratory and green house scored traits indicating a fair degree of correspondence.

Khalid Rehman and Parvaze Ahmad Sofi

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 181-183
Kailash Sati and *Manoj Raghav
Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, VCSG Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Bharsar - 246 123, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India *Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263 145, U.S. Nagar, Uttarakhand, India
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of commercial formulation of mycorrhiza on growth and yield of potato cv. Kufri Jawahar, a field experiment was carried out during winter season of 2015-16 at Vegetable Research Centre, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. The layout of experimental field was laid in randomized block design with 3 replications and 8 treatments. The results revealed that the maximum average plant height (47.1 cm) and average number of haulms per plant (6.7) were recorded under treatment T8 (Soil application of NZBBA - 9050 @ 500 g/ha). Results also indicated that the yield of large size tubers (8.55 t/ha) and total tuber yield (36.07 t/ha) were highest under treatment T8 (soil application of NZBBA - 9050 @ 500 g/ha), whereas medium sized tuber yield (13.95 t/ha) was maximum under treatment T7 (soil application of NZBBA - 9050 @ 250 g /ha). Based on present investigation, it can be concluded that soil application of commercial formulation of mycorrhiza i.e. NZBBA - 9050, improved potato plant growth, size of tubers and total tuber yield under present agro-climatic conditions.

Kailash Sati and *Manoj Raghav

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 184-187
Dheeraj Panghaal and P S Sangwan
Department of Soil Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural Unive rsity, Hisar - 125 004, Haryana, India
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out during rRabi season 2013-14 at the ongoing experiment initiated in 2011 on at Soil Research Farm, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with four replications. Three tillage treatments in main plots [Zero tillage-ZT; conventional tillage-CT (two cultivator + two tractor drawn harrowing followed by planking); and minimum tillage-MT (one cultivator + one tractor drawn harrowing followed by planking)] and four P treatments in sub-plots (0, 45, 60 and 75 kg ha-1) were applied in wheat. Tillage and P fertilization did not show any significant improvement in the chemical properties such as pH, EC and OC at harvest of wheat crop in surface and sub-surface soil samples. However, under zero tillage, pH of the surface and sub-surface samples was lowest while in CT it was the highest. Under various treatments, electrical conductivity values of surface and subsurface samples were identical but the values were higher in surface as compared to subsurface samples. Under different tillage practices, organic C content was highest (0.48%) under ZT followed by MT and CT. It was true for P application also. In subsurface samples, lower organic C compared to surface samples was recorded. Regarding available nutrients, N, P and K were more or less same under different treatments in both, surface or subsurface soils. However, in surface soils tested higher available nutrients as compared to subsurface samples.

Dheeraj Panghaal and P S Sangwan

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 188-193
Sanjay Kumar, T P Malik and *Sanjay Khajuria
Department of Vegetable Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar - 125 004, Haryana, India *Department of Agro Forestry, SKUAST- Jammu, Main Campus Chatha - 180 009, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Abstract
The present experiment comprised of sixty-four genotypes of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) was undertaken to characterize the genotypes based on different plant growth characters like days to maturity, plant height at maturity (cm), plant growth habit, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, angle of primary branches (0°), commercial utilization purpose or use. All these growth characters clearly differentiated the genotypes into different groups. Based on countable observation of days to maturity all genotypes were categorized [twenty-three genotypes were grouped as early maturing (≤140 days), thirty-one genotypes as medium maturing (141-150 days) and ten genotypes as late maturing (>150 days)], based on plant height [eleven genotypes were grouped as dwarf (≤90 cm height), twenty-nine genotypes as medium height (90.1-110 cm height) and twenty-four genotypes as tall (>110 cm height)], based on plant growth habit (sixteen genotypes were observed as bushy, twenty-eight genotypes as semi-erect and twenty genotypes as erect type), based on number of primary branches per plant [twenty-five genotypes were classified as Less branched (<10 branches) and thirty-nine genotypes were classified into more branched (≥10 branches)], based on number of secondary branches per plant [nineteen genotypes were classified as Less branched (<20 branches) and forty-five genotypes were classified into more branched (≥20 branches)], based on angle of primary branches [twenty-six genotypes were grouped as narrow angled (≤300), twenty-two genotypes as medium angled (31°- 40°) and sixteen genotypes as wide angled (>40°)] and based on commercial utilization purpose or use [thirty-four genotypes were grouped into seed purpose (no leaf cutting), thirteen genotypes into dual purpose (at least one leaf cutting) and seventeen genotypes into leafy purpose (two or more leaf cuttings) group. A schematic diagram showing higher resolution in terms of differentiating the genotypes on basis of plant height and growth habit was also prepared.

Sanjay Kumar, T P Malik and *Sanjay Khajuria

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 194-198
Hari Kesh, A S Yadav, *A K Sarial, **Sanjay Khajuria and B T Jain
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar - 125 004, Haryana, India *Vice-Chancellor CSK HPKV, Palampur - 176 062, Himachal Pradesh, India **Department of Agro Forestry, SKUAST- Jammu, Main Campus Chatha - 180 009, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Abstract
The objectives of present investigation were to determine genetic variability, heritability and character association in nine genotypes of pigeon pea for yield and its component traits. All the genotypes had significant genetic variability. Characters such as P. indica infection (%), number of nodules per plant, nodule dry weight per plant (g), nitrogen content in shoots and grains (%), number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod showed high estimates of genetic variability, whereas seed yield per plot (g) and number of branches per plant exhibited moderate variability. All above mentioned traits also showed high heritability and genetic advance. Seed yield per plot exhibited positive and significant correlation with plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight (g), shoot dry weight (g), nitrogen and phosphorus content in shoots and grains (%) and P. indica infection (%). The magnitude of direct effects showed that number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of nodules per plant, nitrogen and phosphorus content in grains were important traits for improvement of grain yield.

Hari Kesh, A S Yadav, *A K Sarial, **Sanjay Khajuria and B T Jain

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 199-202
Sanjay Kumar and V K Batra
Department of Vegetable Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar - 125 004, Haryana, India
Abstract
The experiment was laid out in split plot design replicated thrice with five different dates of sowing as main plot treatments i.e. 15th December (D1), 30th December (D2), 15th January (D3), 30th January (D4) and 15th February (D5) and three different growing conditions [Direct seed sowing under straw mulch (M1), Direct seed sowing under poly-tunnel (M2), Transplanting of seedlings under poly-tunnel (M3)] as sub-plot treatments, thus making a total of fifteen treatment combination. From the various parameters recorded lowest or earliest node at which first female flower appeared, number of fruits per vine, early fruit yield (q/ha) and total fruit yield (q/ha) were maximum with 15th December date of sowing (D1) and direct seed sowing under poly-tunnel (M2) growing condition i.e. D1M2. While, highest harvest index (%) recorded with 15th December date of sowing (D1) and transplanting of seedlings under poly-tunnel (M3) growing condition i.e. D1M3. So, it is concluded from the present investigation that to get higher early (410.91 q/ha) and total yield (582.30 q/ha) of bottle gourd, the crop should be sown on 15th December (D1) with direct seed sowing under poly-tunnel (M2) growing condition i.e. D1M2.

Sanjay Kumar and V K Batra

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 203-206
Hari Kesh, A S Yadav, *A K Sarial, **Sanjay Khajuria and B T Jain
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar - 125 004, Haryana, India *Vice-Chancellor CSK HPKV, Palampur - 176 062, Himachal Pradesh, India **Department of Agro Forestry, SKUAST- Jammu, Main Campus Chatha - 180 009, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Abstract
Nine genotypes of pigeon pea were evaluated to estimate genetic variation among them for nitrogen and phosphorus content to determine the response of pigeon pea genotype to the strains of Rhizobium and Piriformospora indica, at research area of Pulses Section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. All the genotypes had significant genetic variability. Among the treatments, P. indica inoculation alone and dual inoculation was found most effective for Phosphorus content in both shoots and grains. But, for Nitrogen content performance of Rhizobium alone was found better than dual inoculation and P. indica alone. The effect of dual inoculation of Rhizobium + P. indica was in between the effect of P. indica or Rhizobium alone. The genotype Manak, Paras, UPAS 120 and H 03-41, were observed to be better performing and responsive to bioinoculants.

Hari Kesh, A S Yadav, *A K Sarial, **Sanjay Khajuria and B T Jain

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 207-210
N Swapna, B Padmaja, *P Revathi and M Malla Reddy
Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College, Jagtial - 505 529, District Karimnagar, Telangana, India Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jagtial - 505 529, District Karimnagar, Telangana, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Jagtial, Telangana State during 2015 to study the efficacy of sequential application of herbicides viz. atrazine, pendimethalin, halosulfuron methyl, topramezone and tembotrione in sweet corn. The lowest dry weight of weeds and higher weed control efficiency were recorded in atrazine fb tembotrione. Significantly taller plants were recorded in the treatments with sequential application of herbicides especially in atrazine fb tembotrione and at par with atrazine fb topramezone @ 25.2 g a.i ha-1 compared to weedy check. Significantly higher cob length recorded in atrazine fb tembotrione, while, barrenness, no cobs plant-1 and kernels rows cob-1 were not altered by weed control treatments. Application of atrazine fb tembotrione or topramezone was found to be at par with weed free condition with respect to fresh cob yield. The B:C ratio obtained with atrazine followed tembotrione was higher than weed free condition.

N Swapna, B Padmaja, *P Revathi and M Malla Reddy

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 211-214
Nirmal Kumar Meena and Ram Asrey
Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi - 110 012, India
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of tree age on visual and compositional parameters of ripened mango fruits. For the experiment mango cv. Amrapali fruits were harvested from different tree age viz. 6, 18 and 30 years old trees. Fruits were ripened at ambient condition without any chemical treatment. Healthy ripened fruits from different age lots were selected and subjected to physicochemical analysis. Fruits harvested from middle age (18 years) had highest fruit weight (195.94g), pulp recovery (64.20%) and pulp: peel ratio (8.07). Maximum shelf life was recorded in fruits of 6 years old trees. Highest total soluble solids (17.26ºB) and total sugar (11.38%) were exhibited by middle age tree sourced fruits whereas fruits from oldest tree age had lowest titratable acidity (0.56%) and maximum ethylene evolution rate (3.11 µL C2H4 kg-1 h-1).

Nirmal Kumar Meena and Ram Asrey

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 215-217
Akshay Angadi and Ravindra Mulge
Department of Vegetable Science, KRC College of Horticulture, Arabhavi - 591 218, Karnataka, India
Abstract
An experiment was conducted at the vegetable science fields KRC college of Horticulture, Arabhavi to study the genetic variability, correlation in 55 genotypes of bitter gourd. High variability was observed for number of fruits per vine, average fruit weight, fruit length, fruit girth, fruit yield per vine, fruit yield per plot and fruit yield per hectare. High PCV and GCV were recorded for fruit yield per vine, fruit yield per plot and fruit yield per hectare, moderate PCV and GCV were recorded for number of branches at 90 DAS, sex ratio, number of fruits per vine, average fruit weight, fruit length, rind thickness and flesh thickness. High values of genetic advance over mean coupled with high estimates of heritability was observed for number of branches at 90 DAS, sex ratio, number of fruits per vine, fruit length, fruit girth, fruit yield per vine, fruit yield per plot, fruit yield per hectare, rind thickness and flesh thickness. High heritability with low GAM was observed in the present study for days to first male flowering, days to first female flowering, days to first harvesting and days from fruit set to maturity. Moderate heritability with low GAM was observed for vine length at 45 and 90 DAS and average fruit weight. In correlation coefficient study fruit yield per vine is positively and significantly associated with nodes up to first female flowering, average fruit weight, vine length at 45 and 90 DAS, number of fruits per vine.

Akshay Angadi and Ravindra Mulge

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 218-221
Vivek Kumar Kurrey, Ritu Rani Minz, *Pushpendra Painkra, **Vikas Ramteke, Tinku Kumar Sharma, Suranjan Bara and Nisha Chandel
Department of Vegetable Science, **Department of Fruit Science, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India *Department of Horticulture, IAS, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
An investigation was undertaken to find out direct and indirect effects of traits on leaf yield by path coefficient analysis in twenty five local germplasm collection of Chench (Corchorus acutangulus Lam.) from Chhattisgarh and grown at Research and Instructional farm, Department of Vegetable science, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur. The experiment was conducted during rabi 2014-2015 in a randomized block design with three replications. Path coefficient analysis revealed the highest positive direct effect of fresh weight of plant followed by root length, internodal length, leaf length, dry matter percentage, leaf width and number of branches Indicating Importance of these characters and can be strategically used to selection criteria to develop and improve high yielding Chench varieties.

Vivek Kumar Kurrey, Ritu Rani Minz, *Pushpendra Painkra, **Vikas Ramteke, Tinku Kumar Sharma, Suranjan Bara and Nisha Chandel

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 222-227
Hirdayesh Anuragi, *Bharat Taindu Jain, Haresh L Dhaduk and **Sushil Kumar
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, **Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology, Anand Agriculture University, Anand - 388 110, Gujarat, India *Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar- 125 004, Haryana, India
Abstract
To understand genetic associations of fruit yield with its components, nine promising Annona genotypes were subjected to study genetic variability, correlation and path analysis. High genotypic coefficient of variation was recorded for leaf width, leaf length, length of petiole and fruit weight indicating lesser influence of environment towards their expressions. Heritability and genetic advance were higher for most of the characters reflecting their additive gene action for faster improvement through simple selection. Length of petioles, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight and average number of fruits/plant were associated with fruit yield in desirable direction whereas leaf length, leaf width, pedicel length, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, number of fruits/plant and 100 seed weight were found to have positive direct effects on fruit yield/plant. Qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of steroids, terpenoids, tannins, alkaloids, flavenoids and phenols in their pulps and seeds suggesting their potential uses of medicines.

Hirdayesh Anuragi, *Bharat Taindu Jain, Haresh L Dhaduk and **Sushil Kumar

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 228-232
M Mudasir Magray, M A Chattoo, S Narayan, *G R Najar and Mubarak Ganie
Division of Vegetable Science, *Division of Soil Science, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar - 191 121, Srinagar, J & K, India
Abstract
An investigation was undertaken at the Experimental Field of Regional Research Station and Faculty of Agriculture (SKUAST-Kashmir), Wadura, during rabi 2012-13 and rabi 2013-14. Pooled analysis revealed that organic carbon, available N, P, K and S increased with increasing levels of sulphur and potassium. Pooled analysis revealed that application of sulphur @ 45 kg ha-1 (S3) recorded maximum soil organic carbon (0.65%), soil available nitrogen (356.82 kg ha-1) available phosphorus (25.62 kg ha-1), available potassium (169.61 kg ha-1) and available sulphur (26.21 kg ha-1) but significantly lower value of soil pH (6.71). Similarly K3 (@100 kg ha-1) treatment recorded maximum available soil organic carbon (0.63%), available nitrogen (346.21 kg ha-1), available phosphorus (25.67 kg ha-1), available potassium (169.18 kg ha-1) and available sulphur (24.51 kg ha-1) but significantly lower value of soil pH (6.76). Combined application of sulphur @ 45 kg ha-1 and potassium @ 100 kg ha-1 recorded maximum values for soil organic carbon (0.67%), available nitrogen (359.35 kg ha-1), available phosphorus (26.97 kg ha-1), available potassium (173.57 kg ha-1) and available sulphur (30.25 kg ha-1) and significantly lower soil pH (6.63) followed by S3K2 treatment.

M Mudasir Magray, M A Chattoo, S Narayan, *G R Najar and Mubarak Ganie

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 233-236
Murlimanohar Baghel, *U A Raut, **Mahantesh Kamatyanatti and ***Vikas Ramteke
Department of Horticulture, Post Graduate Institute, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola - 444 104, Maharashtra, India **College of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar - 125 004, Haryana, India ***Department of Fruit Science, N.A.U., Navsari - 396 445, Gujarat, India
Abstract
An experiment entitled studies on cumulative influence of indole butyric acetic acid (IBA) and time of air layering in guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. L-49 was carried out at the Commercial Fruit Nursery, College of Horticulture, Dr. PDKV, Akola in the year 2014-2015. The experiment was conducted on six- eight year old guava trees. Air layers were treated with five levels of IBA i.e. 0, 2500, 5000, 7500 and 10,000 ppm in different month (time of air layering) i.e. July, August and September. Root and rooting parameters of air layers were recorded on 75 DAL and growth parameters on 60 days after transplanting. Maximum values on various root and growth parameters i.e. percentage of rooted air layer (80.20%), number of primary roots (13.85), number of secondary roots (7.70), length of primary root (8.85cm), fresh weight of roots (2.16 g), dry weight of roots (0.72 g) and survival percentage (71.05%), were noted in the treatment combinations IBA 10,000 ppm and August month (I4M2). It was concluded that guava air layering performed in the month of August with IBA treatment at the rate of 10,000 ppm might be helpful for better rooting and survival of air layers.

Murlimanohar Baghel, *U A Raut, **Mahantesh Kamatyanatti and ***Vikas Ramteke

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 237-241
B V G Prasad and S Chakravorty
Department of Horticulture and Post Harvest Technology, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan - 731 236, West Bengal, India
Abstract
The Field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2014-15 and 2015-16 to find out the response of mulches and micronutrients on growth and yield of broccoli with an objective to estimate production economics. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with three main plots (mulches), nine sub plots (micronutrients) and twenty seven interaction treatments(mulches x micro nutrients) and each treatment was replicated thrice. The results revealed that mulches and micronutrients as well as their interaction significantly affected production economics of broccoli. The best results for gross return (₹ 337224.84), net return (₹ 247536.22) and output:input ratio (₹3.76), respectively, were observed with application of paddy straw mulch 7 t ha-1 along with combined application of Zn-1% + B-0.5% in broccoli.

B V G Prasad and S Chakravorty

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 242-245
M C Anjali and *B C Dhananjaya
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, University of Agriculture and Horticultural Sciences, Shimoga - 577 204, Karnataka, India *Krishi Vigyan Kendra, University of Agriculture and Horticultural Sciences, Shimoga - 577 204, Karnataka, India
Abstract
A field experiment on effect of phosphorus (P) levels with or without PSB seed treatment on dynamics of P in soil under groundnut was conducted in sandy loam soil at KVK, UAHS, Shimoga, during kharif 2013. Eight treatments with the four levels of phosphorus @ 0, 25, 37.5 and 50 kg P2O5/ha as DAP with or without PSB seed treatment were tried in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The result indicated that all the P fractions were positive and significant association with yield attributes, pod, haulm yield, soil properties and nutrient status and P uptake by haulm, shell, kernel and total uptake by groundnut except organic P and the positively and highly significant among various fractions of soil phosphorus at different crop growth stages of groundnut except organic P at harvest.

M C Anjali and *B C Dhananjaya

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 246-249
S V Lakshminarayana, K K Sathian and K V Arjun Prakash
Kelappaji College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Tavanur, Thrissur - 679 573, Kerala
Abstract
To evaluate the performance of the mesh filter in purifying rooftop rain water, inflow and outflow of the filter were analyzed for pH, EC, TDS, SAL and TSS parameters. In general, the PH, electrical conductivity, and TDS of the roof water samples were within the drinking water standards and the filter system was found to reduce TDS values. In the case of TSS, mostly the impurities were organic in nature and concentration varied between 220 to 280 mg/l, a level much higher than WHO and BIS standards. 3 micron mesh filter is removing 100% of the organic TSS impurities. The filtration rate of this filter is about 0.37 lps at a hydraulic head of 1.5 m and hence suites to rooftop rain water harvesting. It can be concluded that 3 micron mesh filter with automatic flush can function as a fool proof mechanism for filtering rooftop rain water.

S V Lakshminarayana, K K Sathian and K V Arjun Prakash

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 250-255
Shabir A Wani, G N Malik and M A Mir
Temperate Sericulture Research Institute, SKUAST- Kashmir, Mirgund, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken to determine the genetic variation among seventeen mulberry genotypes based on morphological and yield attributes. Highest leaf yield plant-1 ranged from 1.44 (Kanva-2) to 4.75 (Goshoerami) with a mean of 3.10 in spring and from 1.68 (Kanva-2) to 4.86 (Goshoerami) with a mean of 3.72 in autumn. High heritability (>60%) and high expected genetic advance were recorded for number of shoots plant-1, length of longest shoot, total shoot length, fresh weight of 100 leaves, lamina length, lamina width, lamina weight, petiole weight, petiole length, leaf yield plant-1, moisture retention capacity at 6 hours and moisture retention capacity at 12 hours due to additive gene effects and selection based on these traits may be effective.

Shabir A Wani, G N Malik and M A Mir

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 256-258
M A Mir, M F Baqual and S A Wani
Temperate Sericulture Research Institute, SKUAST- Kashmir, Mirgund, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out in four districts of Kashmir valley covering a total of 300 respondents. All the respondents were interviewed on a pre-tested interview schedule. Thirteen independent variables were taken into consideration to study their impact on cocoon productivity and adoption index. The results indicated that a maximum of 43% of total respondents fall into low production category and 85% of total respondents produce below 51 kg of cocoons per ounce seed which is below the national average of 55 kg of cocoons per ounce of silkworm seed. It was also found that extension contact and innovation proneness with a value of 2.176 and 9.618 contributed significantly towards cocoon productivity. Likewise, both of these independent factors contributed significantly towards adoption index with a value of 2.636 and 5.137 respectively.

M A Mir, M F Baqual and S A Wani

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 259-261
S Shashikumar and Shweta Biradar
Birds NGO ICAR-Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Belgaum - 591 224, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Cotton is a major cash crop, being the world’s leading natural fibre for the manufacture of textiles and edible oil. Pests are a threat to the cotton production worldwide. Water availability is another important factor in cotton cultivation. The work was carried out in five taluk of Belgaum district in Karnataka state covering 42 villages for five consecutive years from 2010 to 2014. The data analyzed clearly showed that the number of sprays, quantity of pesticides usage and cost of production increased from 2010-11 to 2013-14 only due to reduced rainfall. The study revealed, the impact of IPM measure over non IPM and spread of the IPM measures to adjacent non project area. This paper elaborate the hot spots as a result of changing rainfall, temperature and related factors of production and recommendations of alternate measures of monitoring and control of pests and natural enemies as an impact of advisory at regular intervals of cotton production period.

S Shashikumar and Shweta Biradar

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 262-263
M Rajashri, Surabhi Kesharwani, G Srinivas, P Vishal Kumar and K Ramchandra Reddy
Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science, P. V. Narsimha Rao Telangana Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India
Abstract
Retained placenta is uncommon in goats and is usually associated with selenium deficiency, the birth of a mummified or rotten fetus, or a difficult delivery. The purpose of this case study is to report therapeutic management of retention of fetal membranes in a goat.

M Rajashri, Surabhi Kesharwani, G Srinivas, P Vishal Kumar and K Ramchandra Reddy

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 264-265
B B Munde, V M Bharade and S P Mhetre
Department of Agriculture Botany, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani - 431 402, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
The genetic purity of kharif sorghum hybrids and cultivars using electrophoretic patterns salt soluble (globulin) seed proteins. Has produces the result which are quantitatively and qualitatively discriminated. The hybrid SPH 1567 and CSH 16 could be distinguished from its parents on the basis of the banding pattern of seed globulin.

B B Munde, V M Bharade and S P Mhetre

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 8 - Issue : 1 ; 266-268
Anurag Kerketta, Nand Kishore Pandey and H K Singh
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur - 492 012, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
Milky mushroom (Calocybe indica, P&C.) is one of the best edible mushrooms which can be grown at high temperature. Spawn, i.e. seed required for growing mushroom, is the vegetative mycelium from a selected mushroom cultured on a convenient medium like wheat, pearl millet, sorghum grains, etc. In simple words spawn is grains covered with mushroom mycelium. Just as seed quality is important to crop production, so is spawn quality to mushroom production. The present investigation was conducted to find out the suitable grains substrates for spawn development of Calocybe indica, different cereal grains were evaluated such as wheat grains, maize grains, jowar grains, bajra grains and ragi grains. Among the five different grain substrates, the jowar grain was found to be best which took significantly minimum days for complete mycelial colonization. The wheat grains was the next best grain substrate for spawn development of Calocybe indica.

Anurag Kerketta, Nand Kishore Pandey and H K Singh

| Published online : 14-Feb-2017