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P- ISSN: 0976-1675
E- ISSN: 2249-4538

© CARAS (Centre for Advanced Research in Agricultural Sciences)
NAAS Score: 4.56

Volume - 13 - Special Issue on Chemistry

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 01-05
R. Meera1 and K. Rajendran*2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Fe2(MoO4)3 nanostructures are paying more attention owing to its tremendous usage in the catalytic activity such as removal of environmental pollutants and biomedical effect. In the present work, the novel Fe2(MoO4)3 nanostructure synthesized by Pedalium murex plant extract assisted synthesis with heterogeneous assemblies was constructed and applied for the antibacterial agent of pathogens. The prepared heterostructure were examined by various analytical techniques like Powder XRD, FTIR, UV-DRS, PL, FESEM, HRTEM, EDX respectively. XRD pattern proved the crystallite size of various heterostructure were 27.91 nm respectively. Furthermore, the composite was examined as antibacterial agent and was found exhibit higher antibacterial efficiency against Klebsiellapneumoniae compared with other pathogens.

R. Meera1 and K. Rajendran*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 06-11
C. Rama1 and T. Lakshmikandhan*2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
SnO2 nanoparticles were produced in aqueous solution utilizing green method without the need of any templates, catalysts, or organic reagents in this study. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy measurements were used to characterize the as-prepared SnO2 nanoparticles. Microwave irradiation can create SnO2 with a consistent size and shape, as well as a high crystallinity. A probable production mechanism of SnO2 nanoparticles was hypothesized based on experimental results. Furthermore, environmental catalytic performance of the obtained SnO2 nanoparticles in the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) in aqueous solution was discovered, showing that these SnO2 nanoparticles are very promising for wastewater treatment.

C. Rama1 and T. Lakshmikandhan*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 12-17
T. Lakshmikandhan*1 and T. Amutha2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
This is the most preferred method of preparation as it makes use of pollution free chemicals and encourages the use of non-toxic solvents such as water and plants extracts. The present study is proposed with an objective to synthesize ZnO nanoparticle by the eco-friendly green synthesis using environmentally benign extract of calabash (Crescentia cujete) where zinc nitrate acts as the precursor. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS).

T. Lakshmikandhan*1 and T. Amutha2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 18-21
S. Syed Iqbal1, B. Muthu2 and A. Manikandan3
1-3 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using Hibiscus rosa-sinensis extract and copper nitrate as precursors. The Hibiscus rosa-sinensis extract and copper nitrate is dissolved in DI water and the solution was stirred for 30 minutes. The resulting homogeneous solution is transferred to silica crucible and irradiation is carried out in using the microwave oven. The final product was characterized using FTIR spectra and HR-SEM and antibacterial activities. Powder XRD results showed that CuO is well crystalline monoclinic structure. HR-SEM images have shown the development of uniform and regular-shape crystallites. Cu, O elements present in the EDX analysis that confirm the CuO NPs without any impurities. Antibacterial experiments have shown that the CuO NPs under room temperature destroy the human pathogens due to their unique properties and the support of using medicinal plants extracts.

S. Syed Iqbal1, B. Muthu2 and A. Manikandan3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 22-26
E. Shakela1 and K. Rajendran*2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis plant extract – assisted synthesis was performed to synthesize CeO2 nanoparticles. All the produced materials were found to be dynamic under sunlight irradiation for the treatment against antibacterial activity. The synthesized CeO2 nanoparticles were structurally characterized by FTIR and XRD techniques, which showed characteristics vibrations of successfully formed CeO2 nanoparticles symmetry. SEM images revealed the CeO2 nanoparticles like the spherical shaped materials. The optical response and detection of reactive species were carried out by photo-luminescence (PL) and showed emissions at 700 nm. PL data also used to calculate band gaps 3.72, eV of CeO2 nanoparticles. UV/visible spectrophotometer scanned the photocatalytic competences of the synthesized nano materials. CeO2 nanoparticles exhibited efficient antibacterial activity against human pathogens.

E. Shakela1 and K. Rajendran*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 27-31
D. Mahendiran1 and K. Rajendran*2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Nickel oxide magnetic nanoparticles have been successfully fabricated by heat treatment method using Aloe vera plant extract. In this research, the formation of NiO nanoparticles was determined by XRD and UV -Vis. The morphology and size of nanoparticles were observed by using TEM while magnetic property of NiO nanoparticles have been characterized by VSM. The results indicate that the synthesized NiO nanoparticles are in spherical shape and the sizes of nanoparticles are in range from 13.55 nm to 15.73 nm. It has been found that the NiO nanoparticles exhibit higher antibacterial efficiency against Klebsiellapneumoniae compared with other pathogens.

D. Mahendiran1 and K. Rajendran*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 32-35
I. Suthanthira Pushpam Sheeba1 and T. Lakshmikandhan*2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Pedalium Murex plant leaf extract-assisted synthesis, a quick and environmentally friendly microwave-heating approach to synthesis ZnO nanoparticles has been reported. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy were used to examine the products (TEM). The sphere-like particles that make up the ZnO nanoparticles develop homo-centrically and used as antibacterial and bio-medical applications.

I. Suthanthira Pushpam Sheeba1 and T. Lakshmikandhan*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 36-39
V. L. Chandraboss*1 and J. Naga Sornamugi2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Zn-Au@SiO2 was synthesized by simple and cost-effective sol-gel method. The obtained Zn-Au@SiO2 was examined by high resolution-scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. Zn-Au@SiO2 was modified by glassy carbon electrode (GCE) can be used as efficient electrochemical sensing of guanine. The role of Au, Si and Zn) in the electrochemical sensing has been discussed.

V. L. Chandraboss*1 and J. Naga Sornamugi2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 40-42
P. Magesan*1 and C. Ananthu2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
In this study, Bi/TiO2 was successfully synthesized by simple and cost-effective precipitation method. Titania has drawn increasing attention among diverse oxide photocatalysts due to its biological and chemical inertness, strong photo oxidization power, cost effectiveness, and long-term stability against light and chemical corrosion The composite Bi/TiO2 was characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with elementary dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. It's crucial and difficult to find anatase TiO2 with high thermal stability and photocatalytic activity. Heat treatment, on the other hand, affects photocatalytic activity by changing the textural properties, crystallinity degree, and surface chemical states. The great thermal stability of the as-prepared TiO2 nanosheets is due to high crystallization (low impurity) and oxygen vacancy. Surprisingly, high photocatalytic activity for photocatalytic oxidation breakdown of acetone in air under UV light illumination.

P. Magesan*1 and C. Ananthu2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 43-46
D. Sivasankaran*1 and A. Mangalam2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Novel series of isoindolinone derivatives (4a-g) have synthesized and characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, Mass and elemental analysis. In-silico molecular docking studies exhibited that synthesized compounds 4a and 4g are good binding energy (-8.46kcal and -9.46kcal) towards the essential requirements of targeted compounds for EGFR receptor-bearing isoindolinone inhibitor (PDB ID: 1M17(Lapitinib)). UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy measurements provided a significant effect on the absorption, emission cyclic voltammetry (CV) and HOMO, LUMO values of compound 4g are also confirmed band along with intramolecular charge transfer character (D-π-A). The red shift maxima (510 nm) the emission spectra in various solvents with increasing solvent polarity.

D. Sivasankaran*1 and A. Mangalam2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 47-49
R. Kalpana1 and G. Padmapriya*2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
The incorporation of electronics by embedding the relevant sensors in the physical devices in home and office, vehicles of all types, buildings in the smart cities and in all possible spheres of life form a network of devices termed as internet of things (IoT). It is being realized that vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) which are responsible for the reliable and secure communication among vehicles is a primary area of research in IoT and hence ensuring security in this area is essential. Thus, this work introduces a novel approach to improve the existing authentication support to VANETs. In this proposed framework, first an anonymous authentication approach for preserving the privacy is proposed which not only performs the vehicle user’s anonymous authentication but preserves the message integrity of the transmitting messages as well. Although many anonymous authentication schemes have been proposed in VANETs until now, the existing schemes suffer from a high computation cost during the signature and certificate verification process which leads to delayed authentication. Consequently, the vehicles and roadside units (RSUs) cannot authenticate more number of vehicles per second in VANETs. Second, an efficient anonymous group key distribution protocol is proposed in this paper for securely distributing the group key to the group of vehicles in the communication range of an RSU. The RSUs can send location-based information to the group of vehicles in a secure manner using this group key. Experimental analysis portrays that the results of this new privacy preserving anonymous authentication and key management schemes are promising and efficient with regard to signature verification cost and computational cost in comparison with the existing schemes.

R. Kalpana1 and G. Padmapriya*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 49-52
M. Nageshwari*1 and P. S. Varshika2
1-2 Department of Physics, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
An efficient nonlinear optical material L-Ornithine monohydrochloride (LOMHCl) was well synthesized and harvested by low temperature slow evaporation method. The single crystal X- ray diffraction analysis confirms that the crystal belongs to monoclinic system with a space group of P21.The existence of third order nonlinear optical measurements were studied from Z- scan analysis. The closed and open aperture curve from the Z-scan shows negative nonlinearity and self-defocussing nature reveals it as an efficient nonlinear optical material for device fabrication.

M. Nageshwari*1 and P. S. Varshika2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 53-54
G. Valarmathi1 and G. Mathubala*2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Medicines are an important part of modern health care system. The market for pharmaceutical medicines runs in billions of dollars a year. But recently a new problematic phenomenon has risen which is termed as “Poor Medication Adherence”. In simple terms it refers to improper intake of medicines as prescribed by doctor. Study shows that the reason for it is forgetfulness. So, the instrument devised here is to address the problem by building a wearable noninvasive device which can alert the patient in time. Since the device is in its initial stage so it was built for only glucose detection to control insulin intake by diabetic patients. Near Infra-Red light when passes through a tissue its absorbance is changed due to interaction with glucose molecules present. By detecting the level of glucose one can determine the insulin requirement of the patient. Glucose is one of the important biochemical produced in the process of metabolism in human body. But also, a proper level of glucose amount will ensure the health of a human. Insulin regulates the amount of glucose level to be maintained in the human body.

G. Valarmathi1 and G. Mathubala*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 55-56
G. Sangeetha1 and G. Padmapriya*2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus commonly known as diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high blood sugar level over a prolonged period of time. Diabetes can cause many health problems and complications. To overcome this problem, we are going to design a device which we take. The main objective of this device is to make easy for the diabetic patients to check their glucose level in the food without any risk. In this device two types of sensors are used one is temperature sensor and the other one is pH sensor and an Arduino Uno microcontroller is also used which reads the inputs-light on sensors. This device is going to be like a wrist watch. Initially a strip is dipped in the sugar solution or glucose water then the same strip is inserted in the device, then this device shows the amount of sugar or glucose present in your food in the LCD display. In this way whenever the sugar content increase or decrease in your food then the device gives you a warning sound with the help of the buzzer fixed in the device. This device is portable, cost effective and durable and it is very easy to use. In this way a non- invasive food glucose monitor is designed.

G. Sangeetha1 and G. Padmapriya*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 57-58
G. Veeramani1 and S. Peter Vijay*2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Technological innovations in the field of disease prevention and patient health have contributed to the development of areas such as the surveillance system. Heart rate is an important health parameter that is directly related to the sound of the human cardiovascular system. The heart rate reflects various physiological conditions, such as the number of heart beats per minute, biological workload, stress at work, and concentration on tasks, drowsiness and active state of the autonomic nervous system. It can be measured by ECG waveform or by pulse sensing - rhythm expansion and contraction through the artery in the form of blood through the normal contraction of the heart. The pulse can be felt from areas close to the arterial skin. This paper describes a technique for measuring heart rate through fingerprint and arduino. It is based on the core of photopeltismography (PPG), an invasive method for measuring blood volume variability in tissues using a light source and detector. When the heart is beating, it actually pumps blood throughout the body and also changes the amount of blood inside the finger artery. These fluctuations of blood can be detected by the optical sensing mechanism placed around the fingers. The signal can be extended and sent to Arduino with the help of serial port communication. With the help of processing software heartrate monitoring and counting is performed.

G. Veeramani1 and S. Peter Vijay*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 59-63
R. Gowthami*1 and T. Ezhilarasu2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Plant extract was used to make ZrO2 nanoparticles in a green method. ZrO2 nanoparticles were made using zirconium, Aloe vera plant extract, and DI water. Separate amounts of Aloe vera plant extract and zirconium oxynitrate were dissolved in distilled water and stirred for 30 minutes. The Aloe vera plant extract is applied and agitated in the zirconium oxynitrate solution, then kept in a microwave oven to promote powder formation. FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, and photocatalytic experiments have all been used to characterize the materials. The XRD measurements revealed that the crystallite size of ZrO2 nanoparticles is 15 nm. Optical studies revealed the when exposed to visible light, the nanoparticles successfully destroy the methyl orange (MO) dye. The photocatalytic experiments revealed an 88 percent degradation efficiency after 120 minutes of irradiation.

R. Gowthami*1 and T. Ezhilarasu2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 64-66
S. Eswaran1 and K. Rajendran*2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Technology is growing day by day at the same time humans are also affected by diseases. Usage of mobile phone has increased and the harmful radiations emitted from it, affects the brain. Generally, brain is an important and most sensitive organ in the body. The brain activities can be recorded by EEG. EEG means electro encephalography. The setup of EEG machine is so complicated which is done in hospitals. This research deals with the technology behind an EEG machine to be understood by the common man in simple way. Normally 256 electrodes are used to record the whole brain activity, but here the brain waves are recorded only with 3 electrodes, one for reference and two electrodes are for measure the voltage differences across the scalp made as a head set. The artifacts formed are filtered with notch filter, high pass filter and low pass filter. The output is generated by using MATLAB software. EEG helps to diagnose the epilepsy, head injuries, brain tumors and sleeping problems. A low cost, simple to use EEG electrode is designed which is compatible and the results show that using minimum electrodes provides near to accurate readings which is sufficient for diagnosing purpose.

S. Eswaran1 and K. Rajendran*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 67-70
V. B. Nithya1 and G. Padmapriya*2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
There is an increasing number in world population of elderly citizen. Many elderly people live independently or alone which can be difficult and dangerous. There is an immediate need to develop a monitoring device, although technology has a huge role in achieving this aspiration, any solution must be designed, implemented and validated using appropriate domain knowledge. In this project, we present a monitoring device based on IOT to monitor the elderly people in real-time monitoring system. The remote real-time monitoring of a person’s health can be done to identify relapses in conditions, therefore, enabling early intervention. This device focuses on the ability to track a person’s physiological data to detect specific disorder which can aid in early intervention practices. These functions are carried out through certain sensors such as temperature sensor, respiratory strain sensor, heart rate sensor and GPS modem which are integrated to a microprocessor to measure vital sign. The output readings are then transmitted to central system to detect any abnormalities and are stored in cloud storage for future reference. This information is sent to close family member and care takers. These devices are cost effective in terms of data acquisition and manipulation. These devices has many potentials and would allow elderly to live healthily and safe despite being alone and independent. It can also track the person’s were about.

V. B. Nithya1 and G. Padmapriya*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 71-74
S. Peter Vijay*1 and G. Veeramani2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Use of clustering in the field of Sensor Networks can be divided into two ways; one is leaf nodes and the other is to manage this leaf nodes i.e., the Cluster Head (CH). All the leaf nodes are controlled by the CH and the Base Station (BS) takes control of the CH. The duty of the leaf nodes is to sense the data and cannot directly communicate with the BS. On receiving the data, the sensed data is transmitted to the CHs. On receiving the data; CH will perform various data aggregation and fusion techniques and finally transmit it to the base station. Hence the architectural organization of CH should be designed in a way that CH is nearer to the base station. This leads to more energy consumption at CH level and hence, the target is to select the maximum energy node as CH, as failure of CH will lead to total collapse of the entire network. Clustering reduces energy consumption and the number of messages transmitted towards the base station. The main objective of clustering in Wireless Sensor nodes is to extend the network lifetime, as these nodes may carry some sensitive information to fulfil its application specific requirements.

S. Peter Vijay*1 and G. Veeramani2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 71-74
S. Peter Vijay*1 and G. Veeramani2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Use of clustering in the field of Sensor Networks can be divided into two ways; one is leaf nodes and the other is to manage this leaf nodes i.e., the Cluster Head (CH). All the leaf nodes are controlled by the CH and the Base Station (BS) takes control of the CH. The duty of the leaf nodes is to sense the data and cannot directly communicate with the BS. On receiving the data, the sensed data is transmitted to the CHs. On receiving the data; CH will perform various data aggregation and fusion techniques and finally transmit it to the base station. Hence the architectural organization of CH should be designed in a way that CH is nearer to the base station. This leads to more energy consumption at CH level and hence, the target is to select the maximum energy node as CH, as failure of CH will lead to total collapse of the entire network. Clustering reduces energy consumption and the number of messages transmitted towards the base station. The main objective of clustering in Wireless Sensor nodes is to extend the network lifetime, as these nodes may carry some sensitive information to fulfil its application specific requirements.

S. Peter Vijay*1 and G. Veeramani2

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 75-78
S. Kanimozhi*1 and T. Ezhilarasu2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Using biosynthesis process, nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles were prepared using cactus plant extract – assisted microwave combustion method. For NiO nanoparticles synthesis, materials such as nickel nitrate and cactus plant extract are used as precursors. NiO nanoparticles products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM) and photocatalytic studies. The XRD results showed NiO NPs with a crystallite size of 15 nm was face-centered cubic (FCC) with crystalline structure. HR-SEM images have shown the formation and agglomeration of spherical-sized nanostructured crystallites. The FTIR spectrum reveals that at 684 cm-1 is characteristic of Ni-O. NiO nanoparticles are applied to the 100 ml of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye and stored under visible light in the photoreactor to study the efficiency of dye degradation. The PCD studies showed that, under visible light irradiation, the as-prepared NiO nanoparticles degrade the RhB dye effectively.

S. Kanimozhi*1 and T. Ezhilarasu2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 79-82
K. Mullai1, B. Muthu2 and A. Manikandan*3
1-3 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
In this study, nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using Neem leaf (Azadirachta indica) extract and nickel nitrate as precursors. Physical and chemical properties of NiFe2O4 NPs were determined by scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) analysis. The photocatalytic dye degradation effect of NiFe2O4 NPs against methylene blue (MB) was evaluated based photocatalytic reactor. SEM results demonstrated ceramic spinel NiFe2O4 NPs with spherical surface morphologies. It appears that these NiFe2O4 NPs can be considered as suitable candidates for photocatalyst for the dye degradation and other biomedical applications, because of their higher catalytic active effects.

K. Mullai1, B. Muthu2 and A. Manikandan*3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 83-87
M. Lakshmi1, B. Muthu2 and A. Manikandan*3
1-3 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Spinel CoFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by microwave heating method using prickly pear cactus (Opuntia fuliginosa) plant extract as a bio reducing agent. The obtained samples are analyzed by chemical and physical properties. Average crystallite size (nm) is discovered to be fluctuating between 19 - 24 nm. The surface morphology was dissected by utilizing SEM and TEM analysis. The metal oxide (M-O) band extending vibrations was confirmed by infrared spectral analysis. Spinel CoFe2O4 NPs can be raised as a noticeable antibacterial activity against human pathogens, due to their smaller size and higher surface area of the samples.

M. Lakshmi1, B. Muthu2 and A. Manikandan*3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 88-91
N. Deebakaran1 and A. Manikandan*2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
The magnetic and structural properties of magnesium ferrite (MgFe2O4) nanoparticles (NPs) have fascinated the attention of researchers. MgFe2O4 NPs were prepared by Hibiscus rosa-sinensis plant extract assisted microwave combustion technique. The as prepared MgFe2O4 NPs were subjected to structural, magnetic, and structural properties using XRD, FT-IR, SEM and VSM analysis. Cubic phase was observed through XRD studies and the calculated lattice constant value is 3.845Å. SEM technique confirmed the sphere-shaped nanostructured morphology of the MgFe2O4 ferrites. VSM studies were used to calculate the magnetization, coercivity and retentivity of the MgFe2O4. M-H loop revealed the magnetic behavior of the prepared MgFe2O4 ferrite with superparamagnetic. The photocatalytic degradation of the synthesized spinel ferrites with methylene blue (MB) as organic pollutant was also studied.

N. Deebakaran1 and A. Manikandan*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 92-95
B. Kavitha1, B. Muthu2 and A. Manikandan*3
1-3 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
The present study focused on the preparation of spinel copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) nanoparticles with the metal nitrates of copper and iron by adopting microwave assisted green synthesis using Moringa oleifera leaf extract. The characterization of synthesized CuFe2O4 NPs was carried out by Powder XRD, FT-IR, SEM and VSM analyses. The CuFe2O4 NPs were then studied for their photocatalytic activity to degrade the organic dye Malachite green (MG). Spinel CuFe2O4 NPs was found to be the best catalyst for the photodegradation of MG dye. The PCD results revealed that the photodegradation of MG achieved at 92.5 % degradation was recorded.

B. Kavitha1, B. Muthu2 and A. Manikandan*3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 96-98
M. Amudhavalli1 and K. Ganesh*2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
In recent years, there is a need for the development of easy, inexpensive, and fast detection methods for the monitoring of environmental pollutions, such as organic, inorganic, and pathogenic pollutants. Recognizing the pollutants that cause environmental pollution is vital in some emergency situations. For this reason, the need for devices with fast and easy detection capability is increasing. In addition, in practical applications, the freely dispersed molecules in the sample to be analysed are far from plasmonically sensitive surfaces. Therefore, plasmonic nanosensors are important and promising devices in that they combine uniquely different features such as inexpensive, high sensitivity, specificity, label-free, and quantitative detection. In this review, the plasmonic nanosensor principle and plasmonic nanosensors for the analysis of environmental pollutants are comprehensively discussed.

M. Amudhavalli1 and K. Ganesh*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 99-102
C. Arunkumar1 and A. Manikandan*2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
In this present study, spinel nickel aluminate (NiAl2O4) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using Pedalium murex Linn (family: Pedaliaceae) extract, aluminium (III) nitrate and nickel (II) nitrate as precursors. Structural and morphological properties of NiAl2O4 NPs were determined by high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) analysis. PXRD analysis confirmed the pure phase formation of NiAl2O4 NPs. HR-SEM and HR-TEM analysis showed sphere shaped particle like nanostructures. VSM analysis shows a hysteresis loop with superparamagnetic behaviour.

C. Arunkumar1 and A. Manikandan*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 103-105
T. Lakshmikandhan1 and A. Salamon*2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
In this study focus on green synthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles by Zinc nitrate and utilizing the bio components of leaves extract of Murraya koenigii (Curry leaf). ZnO NPs are known to be one of the multifunctional inorganic nanoparticles. There is a growing attention to biosynthesis the metal nanoparticles using organisms. Among these organisms, plants seem to be the best candidate and they are suitable for large scale biosynthesis of nanoparticles. ZnO NPs produced by plants are more stable and the rate of synthesis is faster than that in the case of other organisms. The particle size and morphology of the synthesized nanoparticles is characterized by using SEM and XRD. Functional groups of the sample were identified by using FT-IR spectroscopy.

T. Lakshmikandhan1 and A. Salamon*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 13 - Issue : 2 ; 106-109
K. Ganesh1 and A. Manikandan*2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai - 600 073, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Copper aluminate nanoparticles (CuAl2O4 NPs) were synthesized successfully by a simple green route using Z. officinale extract. The Zingiber officinale (Z. officinale) plant is one of the well-known medicinal plants. CuAl2O4 NPs are known to be one of the multifunctional applications. The surface morphology and crystal structure of the synthesized CuAl2O4 NPs were characterized by powder XRD, FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, and SAED analysis. The magnetic properties of the CuAl2O4 NPs were analyzed by VSM technique. The formation of cubic spinel structure CuAl2O4 NPs was confirmed by powder XRD. The average crystallite size of CuAl2O4 NPs was measured by sherrer formula and found to be 18.65 nm. The VSM results shows that spinel CuAl2O4 NPs are in magnetic nature.

K. Ganesh1 and A. Manikandan*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Feb-2022