Issues

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 357–361

Sabebaro Namo Das*1

1 Department of Botany, B. P. Chaliha College, Nagarbera, Kamrup - 781 127, Assam, India

Abstract

Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) is an important agricultural crop grown globally. Phomopsis fruit rot incited by Phomopsis vexans is a serious disease and can cause up to 15-62% yield losses. The disease is managed by application of fungicides which could lead to several environmental and health related problems. Thus, the present study was undertaken to find out the efficacy of fungicides, bio-agent and plant extracts against the disease of brinjal at CPCRI, Kahikuchi, Guwahati by following randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications under field condition during 2020-2021. Two fungicides (Bavistin 50 and Captan-50), a bio-agent Trichoderma viride and two botanicals (Allium sativum and Allamanda cathertica) were evaluated for their effectiveness against Phomopsis fruit rot. Result showed that seed treatment and foliar application with Bavistin @ 0.1% showed lowest disease incidence (8.3%) and highest yield contribution (303.55 q/ha) followed by Captan (13.3%) disease incidence @.2% and gave yield (255.55 q/ha) while the bio-agent Trichoderma viride 108 conidia/ml was observed (16.6%) disease incidence with (228.88 q/ha) yield. Among the two plants extracts @ 15 percent concentration Allium sativum and Allamanda cathertica found (21.6%) and (25%) disease incidence with 213.33q/ha and 200 q/ha yield respectively in comparison to untreated control.

Sabebaro Namo Das*1 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 02-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 357-361

Nafila P. M*1 and Sr. Shemi George2

1-2 Morning Star Home Science College, Department of Home Science, Angamaly - 683 589, Kerala, India

Abstract

Anethum graveolens leaves are the medicinal plants belong to the umbelliferae family and native to Mediterranean, Europe and Asian countries. The dill leaves are smaller and similar to the fennel leaves. The phytochemicals are the compounds that possess many pharmacological activities. Dill is a plant that is known for their medicinal values. This plant preliminary phytochemical screening was found to have positive reactions on carbohydrates, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, cardiac glycoside. In this study the possible phytochemicals were investigated of dried dill leaves powder with methanolic solvent extraction of the sample using GC-MS method. Results revealed that the phytochemicals confirmed the presence of biological activity including antimicrobial, anti-cancer, diuretic, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolemic, antiarthritic, and antioxidant.

Nafila P. M*1 and Sr. Shemi George2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 02-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 362–367

Deenali N. Patel*1 and Farida P. Minocheherhomji2

1-2 B. P. Baria Science Institute, Navsari - 396 445, Gujarat, India

Abstract

In order to unravel the unexplored microbial community, it is necessary to develop an inhibitor-free DNA isolation procedure. One of the major challenges for soil metagenomics study is to develop a method to capture the diverse characteristics of soil microbial communities. During soil DNA isolation, one of the co-extractant is humic acid which will interfere with the PCR amplification. In the present work, three different PEG-NaCl methods for soil DNA isolation were compared with a commercial kit available. Here we have developed an optimized PEG-NaCl protocol for the extraction of soil genomic DNA from two different wheat crop rhizosphere. For efficient cell lysis, we have used a combination of physical (heating), chemical, and mechanical lysis method. To remove humic acid impurities calcium chloride (CaCl2) and polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) were incorporated in lysis buffer. To precipitate DNA, Polyethylene glycol (PEG), Sodium chloride (NaCl) and Sodium acetate was used. An additional purification of extracted DNA was done by using Chloroform: Isoamyl mixture and spin column and then eluted with TE buffer. The yield of the DNA isolated by using modified method was 57.33±2.3115 ug/g of soil. The purity of DNA extracted by using this method was equivalent to 1.8. As compared to the commercial kit available, the modified PEG-NaCl method gave good quality of DNA suitable for the downstream applications like sequencing and cloning. The DNA isolated by this method served as a template for PCR amplification using Prokaryotic 16s primer. This method will provide a good quality DNA for subsequent metagenomic analysis.

Deenali N. Patel*1 and Farida P. Minocheherhomji2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 06-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 368–374

Sushmita Paul1, Fatima Siddique2 and Kumanand Tayung*3

1-3 Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati - 781 014, Assam, India

Abstract

Endophytic fungi serve as an effective biological method for crop improvement by enhancing growth and reduced disease incidence. In the present study, endophytic fungi associated with some traditional rice varieties was investigated for IAA production and antifungal activity against rice pathogens. The endophytic fungal genera isolated were Fusarium, Curvularia, Colletotrichum, Monilinia, Mucor Aspergillus, Alternaria, Penicillium, Acremonium and Mycelia Sterilia. Among them, Aspergillus, Fusarium and Curvularia were dominant genera with highest colonization frequency. The isolates were screened for IAA production and antifungal activity against rice pathogens. The results indicated that amongst the endophyte Aspergillus fumigatus produced 119.09 μg/ml of IAA in medium amended with tryptophan. The endophytic fungi Curvularia lunata and Fusarium oxysporum showed production of IAA of 24.72 μg/ml and 24.27μg/ml respectively in medium without tryptophan. Five endophytic isolates Fusarium oxysporum, Curvularia lunata and Alternaria sp. showed good zone of inhibition against Rhizoctonia solani and Helminthosporium oryzae. Our study indicated that there is great prospect in exploration of seed borne endophytic fungi from indigenous rice as bio-inoculants for sustainable agricultural practices.

Sushmita Paul1, Fatima Siddique2 and Kumanand Tayung*3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 10-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 375–380

S. Rajkumar*1-2, Sathyaprabha G2 and Maghimaa Mathanmohun3

1 P. G. and Research Department of Microbiology, Maruthupandiyar College, Vallam, Thanjavur - 613 403, (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Trichy-24), Tamil Nadu, India 2 Department of Biotechnology, Don Bosco College (Autonomous), Maram, Manipur, India 3 Department of Microbiology, Muthayammal College of Arts and Science, Rasipuram - 637408, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

In this present study, the phytochemical constituents and anti-inflammatory activity of Wrightia tinctoria leaf and bark samples are estimated. The solvents such as acetone, aqueous, ethanol, and methanol are added with leaf and bark extracts of W. Tinctoria plant and evaluated. The preliminary screening test is executed for the presence of secondary metabolites and was reported in order to understand the phytochemicals of leaf and bark. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis of alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, phenols, proteins, saponins, steroids, tannins, terpenoids, and quinones were done. Each extracted solvents are found to be recorded with alkaloid content. Aqueous and methanol extracts of W. tinctoria leaf and bark have been tested for their ability to replicate anti-inflammatory action. The medicinal plant W. tinctoria leaf and bark extract with aqueous solvent gave excellent anti-inflammatory properties when compared with methanolic solvents of bark and leaf at 500 µg/ml concentration respectively. Obviously, W. tinctoria aqueous leaf extract showed extraordinary anti-inflammatory activities. Hence the medicinal plant W. tinctoria is more suitable as a drug for biomedical properties in the human era.

S. Rajkumar*1-2, Sathyaprabha G2 and Maghimaa Mathanmohun3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 13-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 381–384

Soumita Bhattacharjee1, Mousikha Lala1, Prasant Gupta1, Chandra Ghosh2 and Arnab Sen*1

1 Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri - 734 013, West Bengal, India 2 Laboratory of Tea Taxonomy and Ecology, Department of Tea Science, University of North Bengal, Siliguri - 734 013, W.B., India

Abstract

Fermentation is one of the ancient techniques for food preservation. Timbur raksi, is a distilled fermented alcoholic beverage from the high-altitude region of Darjeeling Himalaya. Here within we have done the antioxidant, GC-MS and molecular docking. Our present study aims to claim this brew as an effective stress-releasing fermented drink by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). At the higher concentration (200μg/ml), the methanolic extract of the sample showed 60% of inhibition. GC-MS analysis of the sample showed 43 bioactive compounds. These bioactive compounds can act as scavengers for reactive oxygen species, anti-inflammatory and anticancerous. The molecular docking study was done with antioxidant transcription factor to validate our invitro analysis. This investigation on raksi opened a new field in ethnobiology, However, further study should be done on its load of microflora and its nutrition aspect.

Soumita Bhattacharjee1, Mousikha Lala1, Prasant Gupta1, Chandra Ghosh2 and Arnab Sen*1 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 13-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 385–390

D. Manimekalai1 and G. Senthilkumar*2

1-2 A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi - 613 503, Thanjavur (District), (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli - 620 024), Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

The current study is focused on the production of cellulase enzyme from Aspergillus sp by using agrowaste. The usage of agricultural wastes for enzyme production is considered an essential part in any approach to accomplish goals to reduce environmental pollution and disposal of waste. Optimization of some nutritional and environmental factors like pH, temperature (°C), incubation period (days), nutrient content (Carbon) (mg/g), nitrogen (mg/g), phosphorus (mg/g) and potassium (mg/g) were studied under submerged culture conditions for cellulolytic enzyme production. Cellulase production involves the use of two types of agricultural waste such as rice bran and sugarcane bagasse. The production of cellulase from Aspergillus flavus, A. niger and A. terreus by liquid state fermentation. A. terreus had the highest cellulase activity reached. Maximum celluloytic activity was observed in pH (8), temperature at (25 °C), Incubation period at (4), Nutrient content (carbon at 3), Nitrogen at (75), Phosphorus at (75) and Potassium at (25) respectively. Sugarcane bagasse showed maximum cellulase activity are presented respectively. From the current research, sugarcane bagasse was proven as a cheap and easily available source throughout the year for higher production of cellulase.

D. Manimekalai1 and G. Senthilkumar*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 14-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 391–396

Kalaimagal C*1 and Rajakumar R2

1-2 P. G. and Research Department of Biotechnology, Marudupandiyar College of Arts and Science, Vallam Post, Thanjavur - 613 403, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Herbal plants are affluent resource of bioactive compounds with various pharmaceutical applications. Qualitative phytochemical analysis, Quantitative analysis, antimicrobial activity and antioxidant activity were analyzed in ethanolic stem extract of Sida acuta Burm F. Qualitative phytochemical screening was done to identify the presence and absence of phytochemicals. Carbohydrates, protein and amino acid were estimated in the range of 51.53 µg/mg, 38.66 µg/mg and 30.60 µg/mg respectively. Likewise total phenol total tannin, total alkaloid and total flavonoid was identified in the order of 1.83 ± 0.02, 1.66 ± 0.064, 1.55 ± 0.040 and 1.53 ± 0.07 (100 µl in 10 mg/ml). Maximum inhibition was found against growth of bacteria like Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and E. coli. As well fungi like antifungal activity of ethanolic stem extract of S. acuta were revealed better zone of inhibition against Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus stolonifer species. Concentration-reliant reducing capacity was observed at 100 µl in 10 mg/ml (1.80 ± 0.02). From the results of present study, it can be concluded that ethanolic stem extract of Sida acuta Burm F. has the ability to act against various microbial infections as well as free radicals responsible for the generation of numerous diseases.

Kalaimagal C*1 and Rajakumar R2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 15-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 397–401

S. Khorwal1, K. Agrawal*1-2, S. Sharma3 and M. Agrawal4

1-3 Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur - 302 004, Rajasthan, India 2 Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur - 303 012, Rajasthan, India 4 Department of Home Science, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur - 302 004, Rajasthan, India

Abstract

It is crucial to provide access to affordable indigenous food sources as alternative to traditional food in order to combat under nutrition and improve food security. Pearl millet crop suffers from many serious diseases of which bacterial brown spot disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss) is an important disease in pearl millet crop. The current study, the biochemical as well as physiological alterations brought about by naturally occurring Pss infection in seed samples of pearl millet collected through various areas of Marwar region in Rajasthan were evaluated. Diseased seed samples had considerably higher protein value compared with healthy check samples but lower values of moisture, crude fiber, crude fat, total carbohydrate and total soluble sugar content. The seed samples infected with Pss showed a significantly rise in total phenols and in defense enzymes viz catalase, polyphenoloxidase and peroxidase. The findings show that Pss-host interaction disrupts host metabolism and several protective enzymes as well as secondary metabolites produce symptoms on pearl millet seeds. The results show the change in biochemical constitutes of seeds due to Pss infection in pearl millet.

S. Khorwal1, K. Agrawal*1-2, S. Sharma3 and M. Agrawal4 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 16-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 402–407

S. Bangajavalli*1 and K. Selvaraj2

1 P. G. and Research, Department of Botany, Sri Parasakthi College for Women Courtallam (An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli), Tamil Nadu, India 2 Department of Botany, G. Venkatasamy Naidu College (Autonomous), Kovilpatti, (Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli), Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Pollution is a major concern in this century, the leaders of all countries are begun to discuss to find out solution for sustainable environment. Industrialization is the main reason of polluting the environment especially with toxic heavy metals. We cannot shutdown the industries because we consider for both protection of environment as well as preparation of development. This work is aimed to design the sustainable environment for the polluted land. Normally the pollutants are somewhat mitigated by certain plants; that technology is called “Phytoremediation”. By using this Phytoremediation technology, the hyperaccumulator (the plant which is tolerate to grow in the more toxic level of metals and absorb the metal and somehow alleviates toxicity level in the environment) is selected to design a pollution free environment. The hyperaccumulator species such as Amaranthus spinosus L. and Amaranthus virdis L. are grown in the metal (As, Ni, Cu, Ba, Zn, Ti and Co) polluted areas and find out their ability to alleviate toxin levels in the environment by calculating the following factors, Accumulation Factor (AF), Translocation Factor (TF) and Mobility Index (MI). The metal level in the soil also observed before and after the cultivation of hyperaccumulator. The result reveals that the hyperaccumulators remove the pollutants in the environment and make our environment sans pollution. It was concluded that, the new design of cultivating hyperaccmulator in the polluted area surely provides sustainable environment.

S. Bangajavalli*1 and K. Selvaraj2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 17-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 408–412

Muhammed Shariq K1, Liyakath Ali A2 and Farook M. A*3

1-2 Department of Biochemistry, Islamiah College (Autonomous), Vaniyambadi - 635 752, Affiliated to Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore - 632 115, Tamil Nadu, India 3 Department of Biotechnology, Islamiah College (Autonomous), Vaniyambadi - 635 752, Affiliated to Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore - 632 115, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

The annual erect herb Crotalaria pallida Aiton, a member of the Fabaceae family is found throughout the tropics and subtropic region. C. pallida, also known as "rattlebox" is a plant frequently employ in conventional medicine to serve a broad range of illness, including diabetes, skin infections, snake bites, diarrhea and urinary tract illnesses. The aim of the present investigation is to evaluate the antioxidant, phytoconstituents, antibacterial, total phenol and total flavonoid effects of C. pallida seeds in four different solvents based on their polarities, such as aqueous, ethanol, methanol and hexane. The presence of phenols, terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, sterols, tannins and flavonoids rich in ethanol extract. In contrast to aqueous, methanolic and hexane, the ethanol seed extract showed free radical scavenging capacity with half maximal inhibitory concentration value of 30.3µg/ml. The ethanol extract of C. pallida compared with standard antibiotic ciprofloxacin, C. pallida seeds showed that the ethanol extract had a higher total phenol content (TPC), 12.01 mg GAE/g and a greater total concentration of flavonoids (TFC), measuring 11.07 mg QE per 100 g of dry extract.

Muhammed Shariq K1, Liyakath Ali A2 and Farook M. A*3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 18-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 413–428

Chala Geleta Dibisa1, Alemu Lencho2 and Thangavel Selvaraj*3

1-3 Department of Plant Sciences, School of Agriculture, Ambo University, Gudar Mamo Mezemir Campus, Ambo, Post Box No. 19, Ethiopia

Abstract

Purple Leaf Blotch (PLB) caused by Alternaria porri is one of the most important diseases and considered as the major constraint of onion production and productivity in Ethiopia. Therefore, the field experimental study was conducted in Agricultural Research Farm of Ambo University, Guder Mamo Mezemir Campus to manage the PLB disease with fungicides, botanicals and compost tea. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications of each treatment. Among fourteen treatments, five fungicides (Electis 75WG, Nativo 300SC, Vitra 50WP, Acanton 280SC, and Liveshow 173SE) at 100, 200, 200, 200, and 200 ppm concentrations, respectively, five botanicals (Datura stramonium L, Allium sativum L, Zingiber officinale L, Aloe vera L and Eucalyptus globules L) extract materials at 200ppm and four compost tea concentrations at 25, 50, 75 and 100% were evaluated in vitro under lab and field conditions which were found effective against PLB pathogen and recorded significant inhibition of the test pathogen as compared to the control. In vitro results revealed that 100% inhibition was observed in Nativo 300SC and Electis 75WG treated followed by Liveshow (90.94%), Vitra (90.39%), Acanto (88.97%), compost tea at 100% (80.26%) and Garlic clove extracts (76.34%). The results under field conditions revealed that Nativo 300SC at 0.2% was found most effective and recorded significantly least mean disease incidence (12.33%) and severity (15.83%) and corresponding bulb yield (364.8 quintal/ha) significantly increased, followed by Electis 75WG at 0.1% and Liveshow at 0.3%, which recorded significantly mean disease incidence of 15.83 and 22.50% and severity, 20.37 and 22.22%, respectively, and also provided bulb yield, increased respectively of 357.3 and 354.6 quintals/ha. Among the botanicals tested, Garlic cloves extract at 0.2% was the most effectives against Alternaria porri and recorded significantly least disease incidence (51.04%) and severity (49.45%) and increased the bulb yield (335.3 quintal/ha) and also compost tea concentrations at 100% was recorded significantly least disease incidence (29.17%) and severity (28.47%) and gave increased the bulb yield (350.12 quintal/ha). Among all the treatments, the least AUDPC (945% in days) value recorded from Nativo 300SC fungicide treated plot resulted in the highest yield (364.8 quintal/ha) compared to the least yield (149.2 quintal/ha) from the control in which the highest AUDPC value was recorded. Disease parameters were negatively correlated with yield and yield components, whereas yield components were positively correlated with yield. The economic analysis of fungicides was also revealed where Nativo 300SC at 0.2% was found most economical with the net benefit and marginal rate of return 1147320 ETB and 64160%, respectively. Overall, the present study was concluded that the best effect was fungicides, Nativo 300 SC at 0.2% and Electis 75WG at 0.1% concentrations are the best remedy to manage PLB of onion that can be easily adopted by the farmers to control PLB in their field, and also the compost tea concentrations at 100% was the most effective and environmentally sound approach.

Chala Geleta Dibisa1, Alemu Lencho2 and Thangavel Selvaraj*3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 20-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 429–433

Elavarasan P*1, Muruganantham A1 and Ambikapathy V2

1 P. G. and Research Department of Botany, M. R. Government Arts College, Mannargudi - 614 001, Tamil Nadu (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Trichy-24), Tamil Nadu, India 2 PG and Research Department of Botany, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi - 613 503, Tamil Nadu (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Trichy-24), Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Cissamplelos pareira belonging to Menispermaceae family contain various phytoconstituents with specific value which is significant in the field of health care system. Qualitative phytochemicals compounds such as alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, phenols, protein, quinones, saponins, steroids, tannin and terpenoids were found to be recorded in the acetone and aqueous extracts solvents of leaf of C. pareira respectively. Were as flower extract of C. pareira maximum phytochemical constituents like acetone extracts of alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, phenols, protein, saponine and steroids were represented respectively. In the fruit extracts of C. pareira phytochemical compounds of alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, phenols, proteins, quinines, steroids, tannins and terpenoids was maximum quality recognized in aqueous and ethanolic extracts in the respective fruit part. Determination of maximum quantitative phytochemicals constitutions of leaf extract of C. pareira in alkaloids content at methanolic extraction than that of other solvents extract respectively. Whereas C. pareira flowers with methanolic extract was voluminous quantity represented when compared to other solvents respectively. In the same way of flavonoids phytochemical compounds was maximum quantity found to be recorded in the C. pareira plant. However, the C. pareira leaf, flower and fruit with phytochemicals were generally maximum represented. These phytochemicals are indispensable for pharmaceutical field of biological system.

Elavarasan P*1, Muruganantham A1 and Ambikapathy V2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 21-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 434–437

Rachana Tiwari1, Rachana Choudhary2, Bhuneshwari Nayak*3 and Nidhi Dongre4

1-4 Department of Microbiology, Shri Shankaracharya Mahavidyalaya, Junwani, Bhilai - 490 020, Chhattisgarh, India

Abstract

Medicinal plants had played a very pivotal role in the traditional medicine since primordial times. These plants synthesized various chemical compounds either for its protection or for its growth and are also responsible for the medicinal properties. Vachellia nilotica (Babul) and Carica papaya (Papaya) are a well-known for its medicinal properties. In traditional medicine Vachellia nilotica has been seen to show antimicrobial, antiplasmodial and antioxidant activity. Carica papaya is a succulent plant which has been traditionally used as a home remedy for the treatment of dengue, cholesterol and menstrual pain ingestion. The article deals with phytochemical activity of Vachellia nilotica and Carica papaya. Under which the screening for flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin, phenol, sapponin, terpenoid (Triterpenes), sterol and phlobatannin was performed. The solvent used for the extraction purpose were Acetone, chloroform and water. Out of all the phytochemicals, the leaves were found rich with phenol, flavonoids, triterpenoids and tannin content.

Rachana Tiwari1, Rachana Choudhary2, Bhuneshwari Nayak*3 and Nidhi Dongre4 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 22-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 438–444

Agneswari S1, Ariharan V. N*2, Merlin Dayana L3, Bikash Chauhan4 and Antony Femila P. R2

1 Department of Zoology, Vivekananda College, Agastheeswaram - 629 004, Tamil Nadu, India 2 Department of Biotechnology, Biomeitez Research and Development Pvt. Ltd., Saral, Kanyakumari - 629 203, Tamil Nadu, India 3 Department of Zoology, Jayaraj Annapackiam College for women (Autonomus), Periyakulam, Theni - 625 601, Tamil Nadu, India 4 Nanoscience and Technology, Centre for Nanoscience and Genomics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Science, Coimbatore - 641 114, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Moringa oleifera is a common plant found all over the world that belongs to the Moringaceae family and comes in a variety of species. It is well-known for its therapeutic properties. The material was extracted using the cold percolation process, which included methanol, ethanol, chloroform, petroleum ether, and aqueous. Moringa's therapeutic impact could be a result of a mixture of bioactive chemicals found in them, as determined by qualitative and quantitative screening. The maximum amount of carbohydrate (238.9 mg/g) was found in the aqueous extract of M. oleifera flower compared to the other phytocompounds studied. The extracted material was tested against microorganisms that cause illnesses in humans in everyday life. The crude chloroform Moringa oleifera flower extract is highly resistant to the anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria Klebsiella pneumonia, with an inhibition zone of 13 mm, greater than the positive control streptomycin at 11 mm, and the lowest inhibition zone of 8.5 mm for Escherichia coli. Ethanolic floral extract is resistant to the majority of microorganisms tested. Aspergillus flavus has the maximum zone of inhibition at 11 mm, whereas Aspergillus niger has the lowest zone of inhibition at 8 mm. In MIC tests, the results show that the aqueous extract has good activity and that the ethanolic extract has a linear result of 114± 0.00 in all of the bacteria tested. In addition, the aqueous floral extract had a higher value of 609 ± 0.00 and the lowest value of 6.5 ± 0.00 in Escherichia coli. The larvicidal activity of M. oleifera exhibited in the fourth instar larvae of Ae. Stephensi and A. aeghpti. The result revealed that the M. oleifera flower extract is effective mosquito control agents. Even while ayurvedic treatments employ this plant, it is also used to evaluate chemicals and can be used in modern medications; the current phytocompounds from this species have a lot of therapeutic qualities.

Agneswari S1, Ariharan V. N*2, Merlin Dayana L3, Bikash Chauhan4 and Antony Femila P. R2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 23-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 445–455

Kankariya Raksha A1, Chaudhari Ambalal B2 and Dandi Navin D*3

1-3 Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon - 425 001, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

The soil-borne fungal phytopathogens of genus Fusarium are major threat to crops, particularly in non-disease suppressing soils and jeopardize agricultural productivity worldwide. The study examines rhizobacteria isolated from wheat rhizosphere for its effectiveness as plant growth promoter as well as biocontrol agent against phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum infection of Vigna radiata L. (mung bean) by seed priming. A total of 39 rhizobacteria were screened for various plant growth promoting (PGP) traits and showed production of: (i) indole acetic acid (IAA; 94.87%), (ii) ammonia (87.17%), (iii) siderophore (79.48%), (iv) HCN (17.94%), and (v) P solubilization (79.48%). A drought and halotolerant bacterial strain IRP169 exhibited maximum fungal antibiosis against F. oxysporum, P solubilization along with pigment, catalase, oxidase, arginine dihydrolase, protease, amylase, IAA, ammonia, siderophore and HCN production. The 16S ribotyping revealed strain IRP169 to be Pseudomonas aeruginosa (99.8%). Further, mung bean seed biopriming with strain IRP169 and pot assay showed >90% germination. The seed treatments (i) sick pot (seeds primed with strain IRP169 + F. oxysporum mycelia), and (ii) IRP169 bioprimed seeds showed significant increase in all plant growth parameters vis-à-vis control. Thus, P. aeruginosa IRP169 emerged as a bespoke PGP rhizobacteria and an effective biocontrol agent for Fusarium wilt disease management.

Kankariya Raksha A1, Chaudhari Ambalal B2 and Dandi Navin D*3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 24-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 456–459

Sanju*1 and Vinay Kumar2

1-2 Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Basic Science and Humanities, CCS, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar - 125 004, Haryana, India

Abstract

Complete data are always required to develop new policy related to agriculture to enhance farmer income. But missing-data problems are common in farmer surveys and it introduces bias and lead to erroneous statistical inferences. Therefore, it is necessary to handle them properly in order to obtain better and more reliable data analysis findings. The purpose of this study is to compare various imputation techniques namely mean imputation, regression imputation, random forest imputation and multiple imputation by chained equation at different levels of missingness under missing completely at random mechanism. The simulation study has been conducted on pulse crop productivity in India to compare the efficiency of different imputation technique. Performance of the data imputation technique is assessed using root mean squared deviation, mean absolute deviation and proportionate variance. The best imputation technique will be selected based on lowest value of criterion. Finally, it is observed that regression imputation technique performs best on the time series missing data at different proportion of missingness.

Sanju*1 and Vinay Kumar2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 27-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 460–465

B. Megala*1 and P. Thirumalaivasan2

1-2 Department of Biotechnology, Sri Mad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Thiruvanaikovil - 620 005, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Trichy - 24, Tamil Nadu, India)

Abstract

In the present study attention is focused on the microorganisms has potential source of compounds to produce Nattokinase enzyme. The objectives of this study, the microorganisms were screened and optimized for Nattokinase enzyme, production and purification of enzyme, hemolysis and fibrinolytic activity. Totally 3 bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, B. licheniformis and B. megaterium and 2 fungi such as A. fumigatus and A. japonicus were screened from three different mangrove plant leaves like Avicennia marina, Salicornia bracheata and Suaeda maritima at Kattumavadi, Kottaipattinam and Sethubavasathiram – Tamil Nadu, India. The Nattokinase enzyme complex was screened from isolated endophytic bacteria and fungi by plate assay method. In screening, the maximum zone of clearance was recorded in Bacillus subtilis (25.0±2.5 mm) and A. japonicus (20.3±1.2 mm) than other strains. The optimization and production were analyzed from nattokinase enzyme using endophytic microorganisms. Partial purification of nattokinase enzyme was maximum from selected bacteria and fungi such as B. subtilis, B. licheniformis and A. japonicus were analyzed. The hemolysis, fibrinolytic activity, blood clot and lysis rate percentage were recorded. It was concluded that, these findings suggest that the nattokinase enzyme may act as excellent source in pharmaceutical industry. Characterization of the purified enzyme showed promising results for future studies and commercial production.

B. Megala*1 and P. Thirumalaivasan2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 28-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 466–474

Ararsa Leta1, Habtamu Haile Kabeta2 and Thangavel Selvaraj*3

1-3 Department of Plant Sciences, School of Agriculture, Guder Mamo Mezemir Campus, Ambo University, Post Box No. 19, Ethiopia

Abstract

This study was carried out to identify and quantify seed mycoflora associated with lentil seed samples and evaluate the antimicrobial activities of seven plant extracts and three Trichoderma species against the seed borne fungal pathogens as management strategies. In vitro antifungal evaluation of plant extracts was done by food poisoning technique and dual culture method was applied for evaluation of antagonistic effect of Trichoderma species against test fungi. Fifty seed samples were collected from different farmers’ saved seeds. A total of 5 fungal species belonging to 5 genera were recovered from seeds and identified. Among them Fusarium oxysporium f.sp.lentis, Cladosporium spp., Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp. were the most predominant fungi to all tested seed samples. Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. lentis was found to transmitted from seed to seedlings and affect seed germination. The maximum seed germination rate (95.00%) was observed in Dase Akililo and minimum (38.50%) in Golja- seed samples. In vitro evaluation of hot and cold-water extracts of botanicals and Trichoderma species against Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. lentis showed maximum inhibitory action. All the tested plant extracts at 5, 10 and 15% concentrations, significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of the test fungi. The inhibitory action of the aqueous plant extracts on mycelial growth increased with increased in concentrations and the hot water extracts gave high toxicity than cold water extracts in the test fungi. The highest inhibitory effect was recorded in Allium sativum hot water extracts at 15 % concentration (79.26%). In vitro evaluation of antagonistic effect of Trichoderma species, all of them exhibited the strongest antagonistic activity against the test fungi. Generally, the current results indicated that most of the plant extracts and all three Trichoderma spp. tested in the present study results were potentially inhibit the growth of Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. lentis. Hence, further screening of active ingredients and the formulation of the products is needed to recommend for the end users.

Ararsa Leta1, Habtamu Haile Kabeta2 and Thangavel Selvaraj*3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 29-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 475–480

Mukul Mahabaleshwarkar*1,3, Nivedita Ghayal1-2 and Supriya Mahabaleshwarkar3

1 Annasaheb Kulkarni Department of Biodiversity, MES Abasaheb Garware College, Pune - 411 004, Maharashtra, India 2 Department of Botany, MES Abasaheb Garware College, Karve Road, Pune - 411 004, Maharashtra, India 3 Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) Pune Chapter, Kothrud, Pune - 411 038, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Nature conservation is an ancient tradition in India. Sacred groves have existed for thousands of years and have been performing the ecological role by supporting the local biodiversity. Sacred groves are threatened due to lack of conservation priority and thus need attention for conservation. Phytosociological analyses coupled with ethnobotanical studies can contribute to baseline data for conservation planning. Present study attempts to understand phytosociological and ethnobotanical aspects of sacred groves situated in different agroclimatic zones of Pune District. Field visits to five sacred grove sites and semi-structured interviews with local experienced knowledgeable individuals were conducted for data collection. Each sacred grove is a unique ecosystem and displays its unique characteristic biodiversity profile. All the studied sacred grove sites showed presence of different endemic and IUCN RET plant species. Sacred groves are rich in wild edible and medicinally important plant species and the local communities have folklore associated with them. Sacred groves need to be protected for their important role in cultural and environmental wellbeing.

Mukul Mahabaleshwarkar*1,3, Nivedita Ghayal1-2 and Supriya Mahabaleshwarkar3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 30-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 481–492

Abirami S*1, Muruganandam A1 and Ambikapathy V2

1 P. G. & Research Department of Botany, M. R. Government Arts College, Mannargudi - 614 001, (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University Trichy-24), Tamil Nadu, India 2 P. G. & Research Department of Botany, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi, Thanjavur - 613 503, (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Trichy-24), Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

The purpose of the current research was to screen cyanobacteria from waste water treatments to find out the efficiency of heavy metal removal. Totally, 22 cyanobacteria were screened, such as Arthrospira jenneri, Aphanocapsa koordersi, A. platensis, Gloeocapsa crepidium, G. gelatinosa, G. livida, G. punctata, G. samoensis, G. sanguine, Hyella caespitose, Oscillatoria acuminate, O. amoena, O. homogenea, O. laetevirens, O. minimus, O. pseudogeminata, O. schultzii, O. subbrevis, O. trichoides, Spirulina laxissima, S. meneghiniana and S. subtilissima for various waste waters such as dairy waste water, kitchen waste water, fish pond discharge and municipal waste water. Screening of cyanobacteria treatment of wastewater reduces the BOD, COD, TN and TP. The removing maximum percentages are determined by the kitchen waste water and fish pond discharge, whereas biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus by the selected potential cyanobacteria like Oscillatoria trichoides (121.0%, 135.5%, 30.5%, and 10.9%) and Spirulina laxissima (105.7%, 115.4%, 32.7%, and 11.5%). The removal efficiency of heavy metals such as Cu2+, Fe2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+. The maximum achieved removals were recorded at 99.88% and 99.84% for Zn2+ (Oscillatoria trichoides) in kitchen waste water and fish pond discharge. The significance of variance at a confidence level of P<0.05 and P<0.01 is recorded. The use of cyanobacteria performs a variety of tasks in the assembly of excess food, the treatment of wastewater, and the production of valuable biomass, all of which have a variety of uses. For a healthy environment and society, it is essential to remove heavy metal ions from wastewater.

Abirami S*1, Muruganandam A1 and Ambikapathy V2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 31-Mar-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 493–495

Manju Bala Sharma1 and R. K. Sharma*2

1 Department of Zoology, KVA DAV College for Women, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India 2 Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra - 136119, Haryana, India

Abstract

During the present study breeding ecology involving selection of the territory, nest building, courtship, mating, egg lying, egg hatching and parental care have been studied in red-wattled lapwing during 2014 and 2015. Male selects the territory; both male and female participate in nest-building on ground by creating a circular depression in hard clay. The courtship behavior was observed from March to June. Three to four eggs were laid in the nests. Both the parents incubated the eggs for 28-30 days and actively defended the territory. The hatchlings were nudifugous and revealed perfect camouflage. Parental care for four weeks was also noticed. Hatching success is approximately 80% and breeding success i.e., up to adolescence is 32%. Lapwing a natural bio-control agent of agricultural pests requires specific protection from farmers. It is recommended that burning of straw after harvesting should be avoided and the breeding sites of this important bird should be protected from any anthropogenic activity to increase breeding success of this important bird species.

Manju Bala Sharma1 and R. K. Sharma*2 Click here to download file

Short communication | Published online : 03-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 496–504

Deepan Baskaran1, Prakash Pandiyan2, Gomathi Selvam3, Panneerselvam Annamalai4 and Ambikapathy Varatharajan*5

1-5 P. G. and Research Department of Botany, A. V. V. M. Sri Puspham College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-24), Poondi - 613 503, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Rice plants have direct contact with soil via their roots. Root-dwelling microbes in soil associated with rice live in three various regions that include the endosphere (inside the root), rhizoplane (root surface), and rhizosphere (soil surrounding the root surface), which play crucial roles in plant health and productivity. There is only limited information about the composition of the microbiome during different seasons of rice cultivation. Therefore, the goal of our study was to analyze, compare, and correlate the fungal population observed during different seasons across various places in Tiruvarur district along with their physiochemical parameters. This study addressed 33 species that belong to four major phyla, six classes, five orders, eight families, and 12 genera. In the tiruvarur rice field, fungal genera such as Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Rhizopus, Verticillium, Helminthosporium, Microsporum, Sclerotium, Alternaria, Curvularia and Choanephora were found. The soil physiochemical characteristics like pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, copper, iron, and manganese were studied in five places in the Tiruvarur rice field. The current study found that macronutrients (N, P, and K) and micronutrients (Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn) were more abundant during the monsoon and post monsoon seasons. Moreover, the Pearson correlation coefficient was performed on the obtained databases, and the level of significance was seen at P < 0.05. The results of the present study demonstrate that a unique group of fungi inhabit the rice soil during different seasons, which may help to improve crop health and productivity.

Deepan Baskaran1, Prakash Pandiyan2, Gomathi Selvam3, Panneerselvam Annamalai4 and Ambikapathy Varatharajan*5 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 03-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 505–508

K. U. Gaikwad*1 and K. N. Gaikwad2

1 Department of Botany, K.A.A.N.M.S. Arts, Commerce and Science College, Satana - 422 301, Nashik, Maharashtra, India 2 Arts Commerce and Science College, Dindori - 422 202, Nashik, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Kadwa dam is a major reservoir built on the Kadwa river, a major tributary of the Darna River. The dam caters to the needs of drinking waters of one-fourth of Nasik city, Sinnar an upcoming industrial town from Nashik districts and Ahmednagar district, besides providing water for irrigation in about five tehsils of both districts. Considering the importance of dependency on the water from the Kadwa dam, a study was conducted to record the algal diversity of the Kadwa dam regarding seasonal variation. Samples were taken from four different sites of the Kadwa reservoir from December 2019 to November 2021. Different physiochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, turbidity, D.O, Sulphate, phosphate, nitrate, silicates etc. were recorded and the correlation between them was recorded. It was found that Algal diversity increased with increased temperature, D.O., and different nutrient factors. Many algal species were recorded during the study period. Chlorophyta members dominated in mostly all compositions and Euglenophyta are least in number. This indicates that algal diversity is low on rainy and increase in the winter and summer season.

K. U. Gaikwad*1 and K. N. Gaikwad2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 04-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 509–511

A. Asha Monica*1 and A. Auxilia2

1 Department of Biotechnology, St Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli - 620 002, (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tamil Nadu, India 2 P.G. and Research Department of Botany, Holy Cross College (Autonomous) Tiruchirappalli - 620 002, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Throughout the world, the family Palmae (palm tree) is composed of over 230 genera and about 3000 species. Because there are over 3000 species of palm trees, identifying palm tree varieties based on morphological characteristics can be difficult. Our aim is to collect three varieties of palm plants, i.e., Borassus flabellifer, Latania lontaroides, and Phoenix dactylifera, and find out morphological characters like fronds, trunk, and size. The genomic DNA was isolated using the CTAB method, amplified with the matK protein-coding gene, and sequenced. The Amplicon has a size of 700-750 bp. The phylogenetic tree obtained by MEGA 9.0 suggests that the palmate-shaped leaves of palm varieties are closely related to each other when compared to pinnate-shaped leaves. Borassus flabellifer and Latania lontaroides are closely related, and this was identified by a distance matrix, which shows the minute distance between Borassus flabellifer and Latania lontaroides. From this, we conclude that among the 3000 species of palm varieties, palmate-shaped leaves are closely related, while pinnate-shaped leaves are also closely related.

A. Asha Monica*1 and A. Auxilia2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 05-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 512–515

C. S. Sahay*1, D. S. Thorat2, S. S. Kautkar3, Amit Kumar Patil4 and P. K. Pathak5

1 Agricultural Mechanization Division, ICAR - Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal - 462 038, Madhya Pradesh, India 2-5 ICAR - Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi - 284 003, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

Grass seed collection is tedious and intensive labour consuming operation, which is carried out by detaching the grass seed from standing plant or by beating the seed head in standing crop or by cutting, drying and threshing. Selection of machines for these operations in different continents depends upon the climatic conditions, topography, type of grass, its physiological properties etc. Different methods and machines used for grass seed collection are therefore reviewed and presented. The grass seed collection tools and machines available according to the method of harvesting and collection are manually operated fork, handheld engine powered seed stripper, brush type harvesters operated by hydraulic or mechanical power, pull type seed harvester, utility vehicle mounted grass seed harvester, trough and beater harvesters, vacuum harvesters, wide vacuum harvesters and offset suction harvesters. However, direct combine harvesting and collection of grass seed with modification of header unit also prevails in some of the countries. The aspects that are of prime importance for successful mechanical harvesting such as equipment reliability, climatic effects and storage of grass seed are also discussed.

C. S. Sahay*1, D. S. Thorat2, S. S. Kautkar3, Amit Kumar Patil4 and P. K. Pathak5 Click here to download file

Case Study | Published online : 06-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 516–521

C. H. Shaju1, P. S. Devanand2, R. Velumani3 and C. Buvaneswaran*4

1-4 Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding (Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education) R. S. Puram, Coimbatore - 641 002, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Neem), belonging to family Meliaceae, is one of the multi- purpose tree species of the world. In this context in the present study, 25 high fruits yielding CPT’s of neem were selected from the western zone of Tamil Nadu and fruits were collected from these selected trees. Intra- specific variation in seed weight and seed diameter was significant (P≤ 0.05) among the half-sib families studied. The seeds were sown in mother beds (with pure sand) and observed that there was variation in commencement of germination of seeds from 9 DAS to 29 DAS. The peaking of germination was also varied from 11 DAS up to 22 DAS. The highest germination, shorter peak value and higher germination value were recorded in the family N- 25. From the biomass study, it is observed that leaf biomass, shoot biomass and total biomass registered significant variation, while root biomass and root/ shoot ratio recorded non-significant variation among families. Huge variation was noted in the quality indices viz., Seed Vigor Index, Sturdiness Quotient, and Dickson Quality Index Assessment. The paper discusses on the huge variation and need for identifying seed sources for quality planting stock production for various agroforestry systems.

C. H. Shaju1, P. S. Devanand2, R. Velumani3 and C. Buvaneswaran*4 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 10-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 522–526

Quratul-Ain*1, Mo Shadab2 and M. B. Siddiqui3

1-3 Department of Botany, Aligrah Muslim, University, Aligarh - 202 002, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

Allelopathy is actually the biological warfare among the plants, in which one plant releases chemical substances allelochemicals to inhibit the growth, and affect the various physiological and morphological characteristics of plants in its vicinity. The allelopathic donor plants dominate the area by affecting the survival of other plant species in their areas. Investigations were made on the allelopathic influence of Urtica dioica stem aqueous extracts on Zea mays and Cassia sophera. Stem aqueous extracts showed a significant decrease on morphological characters root length, shoot length and dry weight as well as on the total chlorophyll content. At low concentration (0.5%), the growth parameters were increased. On increasing the concentration of extract, all the growth parameters were decreased. The total chlorophyll content of both the test plants was decreased on increasing the concentration of stem aqueous extract. Upon GCMS analysis of Ethanolic extract of Stem, 47 volatile compounds were identified. The compounds found in the major concentrations were STIGMAST-5-EN-3-OL, 3.BETA; Glycidyl palmitate; 1,8,11-Heptadecatriene, Z,Z-; 9-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, E-; 1,2-BENZENEDICARBOXYLIC ACID; HEXADECANOIC ACID, ETHYL ESTER; trans,trans-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, propyl ester; Stigmast-5-en-3-ol, oleate; 9,12-OCTADECADIENOIC ACID Z,Z-, METHYL ESTER; ERGOST-5-EN-3-OL, 3.BETA.,24R- . These compounds may be responsible for imparting allelopathic effect on test species Zea mays and Cassia sophera. Our study revealed that stem of U. dioica possess a high concentration of water soluble allelochemicals, which are thought to have reduced test plants’ growth and can be utilized as potential weedicides.

Quratul-Ain*1, Mo Shadab2 and M. B. Siddiqui3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 11-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 527–530

Aabsheen Saba Khanam*1 and Vandana Dwivedi2

1-2 Institute of Basic Science (Khandari Campus), Department of Chemistry, Agra College, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University, Agra -282 004, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

Indian corn, corn, maize are other names for Zea mays plant. In the current study, an effort was made to check into Zea mays antimicrobial characteristics. The aforementioned plant’s leaves, silk and root were collected for the study and turned into a basic medication powder extract. The gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa was utilized to carry out the antibacterial activities. The Penicillium expansum was utilized to carry out the antifungal activities. The disc diffusion method was utilized to test antibacterial activity. Test material extracts in ethanol solvent exhibited strong antibacterial activity against harmful microorganisms. The data revealed that Zea mays leaves ethanol extract displays maximum antibacterial activity and maize silk extract revealed maximum zone of inhibition against reference compound.

Aabsheen Saba Khanam*1 and Vandana Dwivedi2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 14-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 531–536

Anitha J*1 and Nethaji S2

1-2 P. G. and Research Department of Biochemistry, Maruthupandiyar College, Thanjavur - 613 403, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Medicinal plants play a vital role in the primary health care system of India. Various parts of medicinal plants are used as raw drugs since they possess varied medicinal properties. In the present study investigated that the phytochemical and antioxidant activities of different extracts of Boerhavia diffusa leaves. Screening of phyto compounds and assay of antioxidant and thrombolytic activity were studied using the standard procedure. In the present study showed the various extracts of B. diffusa leaves showed the good source of phyto constituents. Among the extracts, ethanol extracts of B. diffusa (BDEE) showed the higher antioxidant, phytochemical and thrombolytic activities when compared with BDPE (B. diffusa petroleum ether extracts) and BDAE (B. diffusa Acetone extracts). BDEE had showed the highest amount of total phenol 292.38±3.48 mg GAE/g followed by total flavonoids 198.47±2.56 mg QE/g. The highest content of total phenolics and flavanoid in different extracts was found to be in the order of BDAE and BDPE respectively. In this study, BDEE showed highest percentage of clot lysis (20.38 ±2.74 %) and followed by BDAE 16.71±1.32%. The present study concluded that the plants B. diffusa have a potential source of medicinally important properties.

Anitha J*1 and Nethaji S2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 15-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 537–542

Bhattu Rajesh Nayak1, K. Srinivas Naik2, A. Yugandhar1 and G. Vijay Kumar*1

1 Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana, India 2 Centre for Plant Molecular Biology, Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana, India

Abstract

The major objective of the present research is to examine the characters viz., seedling length, germination percentage, seed survival rate, seed vigor index, root length of M2 generation black gram mutants when raised as M3 generation as a part of research work carried for studying the yield and yield contributing characters induced with EMS. Data was recorded for studying the above characters of mutants from 1st day to 15th day. The ANOVA analysis revealed that significantly high was recorded for the studied characters except root length (cm). The results revealed that the highest seed germination % was observed in 0.2% mutant followed by the mutants 0.3% mutant, 0.5% mutant, T9 (check), 0.4% mutant while, lowest germination % was observed in IC-436524-Control (untreated). The results also revealed that highest seedling length (cm) was observed in 0.2% mutant followed by 0.3% mutant, 0.4% mutant and 0.5% mutant. Highest seed vigor index (%) was observed in 0.2% mutant followed by the mutants 0.3% mutant, 0.4% mutant, 0.5% mutant, T9 (check). Highest seed survival rate (%) was observed in 0.2% mutant followed by 0.4% mutant, control (untreated), 0.3% mutant, 0.5% mutant. Highest root length (cm) was observed in 0.2% mutant followed by 0.3% mutant, IC-436524 (control (untreated), 0.5% mutantand 0.4% mutant. The overal results revealed that all the traits under study, observed significant variability at 0.2% and 0.3% mutants. Investigation studies revealed that there is a huge genetic variability among the mutants studied in which EMS treated at lower concentration (i.e., 0.2% and 0.3% mutants) showed high germination percentage and survival rate when compared with EMS treated at higher concentration mutants and control. This shows the efficiency of EMS to induce mutations and generate variability in black gram and can be useful tool in the future for crop improvement programmes.

Bhattu Rajesh Nayak1, K. Srinivas Naik2, A. Yugandhar1 and G. Vijay Kumar*1 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 17-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 543–547

R. C. Senthamil Selvi1 and N. Thangaraj*2

1 Department of Biological Science, Kongunaadu College of Education, Mamangam, Salem - 636302, Tamil Nadu, India 2 Kandaswami Kandar’s College, Velur - 638 182, Namakkal District., Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Plant growth promoting factors (PGPF) is a wide range of compounds that have been identified as having a positive influence on the growth and development of plants. The aim of this study was to isolate the native isolates from vegetable cultivate soil samples Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu, India. The PGPF potential of these bacteria was assessed in vitro and a representative isolate was found using biochemical analysis. Totally 25 bacterial isolates of 8 genera were observed, among them, Bacillus genus were predominant and followed by Pseudomonas sp. In the present study, 44% and 20% of isolates showed the positive for siderophore and HCN production respectively, among the 8 genera, most of the Azotobacters and Rhizobium were also found to show positively for nitrogen fixation. In addition, 48%, 36% and 68% of isolate were producing the protease, cellulose, and amylase respectively. Among the 9 factors 8 factors harboring isolates as Lysinibacillus macroides, which was confirmed with 16srRNA sequencing analysis. Overall, using isolates to promote plant growth can be beneficial to the health of vegetables and the environment.

R. C. Senthamil Selvi1 and N. Thangaraj*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 18-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 548–551

Sasikala K. P1 and R. S. Mohanraj*2

1-2 Department of Zoology, Government Arts College, Coimbatore - 641 018, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Aedes aegypti are responsible for transmitting various life-threatening diseases all over the world and created a burden of society. Excessive use of synthetic insecticides, with a complete lack of awareness of the strategy of changing the pesticides, led to resistance to pesticides along with environmental pollution and health risks to humans and non-target biota. Thus, insecticide resistance in A. aegypti poses a significant threat to public health worldwide. Among the alternatives to synthetic insecticides for the control of these vectors, the use of natural plant products deserves attention. The use of plant-based insecticides that are less harmful to the environment and without known resistance development. Qualitative phytochemical analyses of the plant extracts were (acetone, hexane, chloroform leaf extracts of M. hortensis carried out using the standard protocol. The acetone, hexane, chloroform leaf extracts of M. hortensis inhibited normal growth and development of A. aegypti larvae, pupae and prolonging larval, pupae duration when compared to control. The acetone, hexane, chloroform leaf extracts of M. hortensis can be used as an effective bio insecticide to control mosquitoes as environment friendly solution.

Sasikala K. P1 and R. S. Mohanraj*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 19-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 552–558

Saubhik Das*1

1 Department of Botany, Taki Government College (Affiliated to West Bengal State University), Taki. North 24 Parganas - 743 429, West Bengal, India

Abstract

In hot humid tropics of Africa, South-East Asia, vegetable Amaranths are recognized as the most favorite leafy vegetable for their mild spinach-like taste and immense nutritive value. Along with a range of nutrients like – proteins, minerals, vitamins, dietary fibers, antioxidants, bioactive principles, they also contain few antinutrients like oxalate and nitrate. Seeds of grain Amaranths have been identified as the richest plant source of Squalene, a natural antioxidant but vegetable Amaranths are yet to be evaluated for Squalene. Presence of a large number of crop-wild relatives, morphotypes, landraces, having almost equal palatability have disputed the taxonomic delimitation in vegetable Amaranths. Taxonomic ambiguity in vegetable Amaranths has been resolved, enabling easy identification of crop wild relatives from the cultivated popular members. Crop improvement of vegetable Amaranths require 2-fold approaches – firstly, screening of all the existing germplasms to identify the suitable ones rich in nutrient and antioxidants for large scale utilization as vegetable, Secondly, application of Biotechnological strategies to improve the amount and availability of nutrients in crop as well as decrease the level of antinutrients. Agrobacterium - mediated transformation protocol standardized in Amaranthus tricolor has consolidated the feasibility for crop improvement applying Biotechnological strategies producing transgenic plant with many novel genes.

Saubhik Das*1 Click here to download file

Research Review | Published online : 21-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 559–564

C. M. Reena Josephine*1, Roopa Prasad2, Santhosh B. N.3, Manish Jackson4 and Kulkarni Karthik5

1-5 Department of Life Sciences, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), Bengaluru - 560 077, Karnataka, India

Abstract

Vermicompost extract is a decomposition product obtained by the various species of worms mainly earthworms. It plays crucial role to the field of agriculture and used in organic farming since it contains essential components like enzymes, macro and micronutrients, phytohormones and many important microorganisms. With this background, the study was aimed at isolation of microorganisms from aqueous extract of vermicompost. Thirty strains were isolated based on cultural characteristics which were then qualitatively analyzed for the capability to produce metabolites like ammonia, auxins, phosphatase, amylase, cellulase and protease. The microorganisms producing these end products can be used as inoculants in plants in ecofriendly agricultural practices as these metabolites and enzymes are reported to promote the growth of the plants. Out of thirty isolates, three potential strains namely V8, V11 and V30 were selected and by 16S rRNA sequencing identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Pantoea agglomerans and Mesorhizobium muleiense. The strains isolated have not been reported widely as plant growth promoting agents. So further studies can be targeted on developing these microbial strains as biofertilizers using the standard methods of bioformulation development. From the study it can be concluded that vermicompost extract is a good source of beneficial microbial strains in addition to the essential nutrients. Hence it can be used as a biofertilizer which is economically and environmentally suitable for the soil and sustainable agriculture.

C. M. Reena Josephine*1, Roopa Prasad2, Santhosh B. N.3, Manish Jackson4 and Kulkarni Karthik5 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 24-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 565–572

Thomson K. T*1 and Radhika K.2

1 Centre for Social Innovations and Development Studies, Cochin - 682 024, Kerala, India 2 School of Industrial Fisheries, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin - 682 016, Kerala, India

Abstract

Coastal farming communities in Central Kerala have been scaling down agriculture due to lack of financial capital to overcome the stress imposed by climate change. Boosting adaptive capacity by augmenting financial capital is therefore essential to rejuvenate coastal agriculture. This paper attempts to analyze how local farmer’s adaptive capacity is influenced by financial capital using primary data collected from 160 households scattered in four coastal villages in Kerala with the help of semi-structured questionnaire. Major sources of finance like level of income, non-farming income, income from other sources, lease value received from aquaculture and access to credit were finalized for the study based on previous studies and ranking methods. Empirical evidences revealed that since 30 percent of households could only earn below Rs. 30,000 per month, they could not plan adaptation actions meaningfully. 55 per cent earned non-farming income and 79 percent of the head of household has multiple sources of income. 11.62 percent of households earns an average monthly income of Rs. 64,500 from abroad and 36 per cent have access to bank loans. Around 40 percent of households are either aquaculture farmers or promoters. Aquaculture entrepreneurs and non-resident workers have higher financial entitlements and better adaptive capacity.

Thomson K. T*1 and Radhika K.2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 24-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 573–577

Abdulrahman E. M. Basha*1, Sahera Nasreen2, Zarina Shaikh3 and Ashgan A. A. Nasr4

1 Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad - 431 004, Maharashtra, India 2 Institute of Science, Nagpur - 440 001, Maharashtra, India 3 Dr. Rafiq Zakaria Centre for Higher Learning and Advanced Research, Aurangabad - 431 001, Maharashtra, India 4 Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded - 431 606, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Ocimum basilicum L is a valuable medicinal plant with a wide range of healing effects. The current study looked at the potential of the cotyledon of O. basilicum to produce callus and compared it to the potential of the leaf to find the best way to get a high biomass and evaluated prior studies on leaf efficiency in callus induction. Nine plant growth regulator (PGR) treatments with the highest callus biomass were selected from previous studies relevant to the current research and used the leaf as an explant. The cotyledons, from 6-day-old, and young leaves, 5mm x 5 mm, were aseptically inoculated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. The concentrations of these nine treatments ranging from 0.3 –5.0 mg/L, were added either alone or in binary combination, which are 2,4-dichloro-phenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), benzyl amino purine (BAP), indole acetic acid (IAA), indole butyric acid (IBA) and kinetin (KIN). There were significant differences between the treatments. All the treatments containing NAA showed high potential in callus induction either using cotyledon or leaf ranged between 15.11 – 18.37 g/L. The leaf explant treated with 0.6 mg/L NAA and 0.3 mg/L BAP formed the most callus, 18.37 g/L. The cotyledon explant treated with 1.2 mg/L NAA and 1.0 mg/L BAP produced the second most callus, 17.58 g/L. Adversely, 2,4-D acted as an inhibitor of callus formation. The study showed that the leaf and cotyledon of O. basilicum have different capabilities to produce biomass from callus, which indicates how their physiological performance is different between them.

Abdulrahman E. M. Basha*1, Sahera Nasreen2, Zarina Shaikh3 and Ashgan A. A. Nasr4 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 578–584

R. Keerthiga*1 and M. Kannahi2

1 Department of Microbiology, MASS College of Arts and Science, Kumbakonam - 612 501, Tamil Nadu, India 2 P. G. and Research Department of Microbiology, Sengamala Thayaar Educational Trust Women’s College, Mannarkudi, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

In the current investigation suggested that the immune stimulatory effect of Panchagavya probiotics Lacto bacillus on the growth, immunity and disease resistance of Tilapia, Oreochromis mosaambicus and improve the disease resistance against Edward siella tarda and Aeromonas hydrophila. The efficacy of basal diet (BD) of the following experimental diets were treated with O. mosaambicus: T1 (Basal diet + Panchagavya); T2 (Basal diet + Lactobacillus); T3 (Basal diet + Panchagavya + Lactobacillus) and control. Various immune parameters were examined at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post-feeding. Fishes were challenged with A. hydrophila and E. tarda 30 days post-feeding, and mortalities were recorded over 14 days post infection. Results showed that administration of Panchagavya with probiotics of Lacto bacillus combination for 28 days had significant effects (p<0.05) on the specific and non-specific immune response of O. mossambicus. Dietary administration of O. mossambicus from Panchagavya with probiotic feed significantly increased the neutrophil, lysozyme, antiprotease and myeloperoxidase activities were gradually increased respectively. The highest ROS and RNS (p<0.05) were observed in the fish group feed a diet containing Panchagavya and Lacto bacillus. Furthermore, fish feed a Panchagavya-enriched diet with Lactobacillus had significantly higher (p<0.05) post-challenge relative percent survival (RPS). Considering these promising benefits, the Panchagavya with probiotic Lacto bacillus supplementation in equal proportions for 30 days can effectively impair the immunity of O. mossambicus.

R. Keerthiga*1 and M. Kannahi2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 25-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 585–591

G. V. Mathad1 and L. Rajanna*2

1-2 Department of Botany, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bengaluru - 560 060, Karnataka, India

Abstract

Kigelia africana is a member of Bignoniaceae popularly known as sausage tree bearing poisonous fruits. The stem and leaves were dried, pulverized and extracted with ethanol, ethyl acetate and n˗hexane through Soxhlet extractor. The crude extracts were subjected to screen different phytocompounds through FTIR and GC˗MS analysis. The GC˗MS analysis showed 14 to 17 peaks in different extracts. The rent retention time (RT) of these peaks indicate the presence of 37 phytocompounds, among which 14 compounds were biologically active viz; dotricontane, hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, hexatriacontane, n˗hexacosanol, n˗hexadecanoic acid, 1˗hexacosanol, octadecane, pentadecanoic acid, phytol, 2˗pentadecanone,6,10,14˗trimethyl, 2˗piperdinone n˗[4˗bromo˗n˗butyl], 17˗pentatriacontane, tetratetracontane and tritetracontane. The FTIR results of the extracts showed 8 to 15 peaks in different solvents, indicating the presence of various bioactive compounds.

G. V. Mathad1 and L. Rajanna*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 26-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 592–594

Komal Dalve*1, Sunita Borde2 and Vishnu Barote3

1-3 Department of Zoology, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad - 431 004, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

The present communication deals with the population dynamics of nematode species in sugarcane crop from Osmanabad district (Maharashtra) India. Samples were collected from roots and soil from six places of Osmanabad district. The frequency of occurrence and population varied from place to place. Eight species of plant parasitic nematode were found associated with the roots and rhizosphere of the sugarcane crop. They include Hoplolaimus, Helicotylenchus, Mylonchulus, Eudorylaimus, Xiphinema, Monohystera, Acrobeles and Dorylaimus. It is concluded that all the sites of Osmanabad district have heavy infections of nematodes. The population of nematodes in the sugarcane field may affect sugarcane productivity. As India is agricultural country so, there is need to control the growth of nematodes, because nematode destroy the sugarcane plant which finally affect agricultural as well as economy of farmer and state also.

Komal Dalve*1, Sunita Borde2 and Vishnu Barote3 Click here to download file

Short communication | Published online : 26-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 592–594

Komal Dalve*1, Sunita Borde2 and Vishnu Barote3

1-3 Department of Zoology, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad - 431 004, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

The present communication deals with the population dynamics of nematode species in sugarcane crop from Osmanabad district (Maharashtra) India. Samples were collected from roots and soil from six places of Osmanabad district. The frequency of occurrence and population varied from place to place. Eight species of plant parasitic nematode were found associated with the roots and rhizosphere of the sugarcane crop. They include Hoplolaimus, Helicotylenchus, Mylonchulus, Eudorylaimus, Xiphinema, Monohystera, Acrobeles and Dorylaimus. It is concluded that all the sites of Osmanabad district have heavy infections of nematodes. The population of nematodes in the sugarcane field may affect sugarcane productivity. As India is agricultural country so, there is need to control the growth of nematodes, because nematode destroy the sugarcane plant which finally affect agricultural as well as economy of farmer and state also.

Komal Dalve*1, Sunita Borde2 and Vishnu Barote3 Click here to download file

Short communication | Published online : 26-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 595–599

Sunrit Basu Sarbadhikary*1

1 Department of Botany, Banwarilal Bhalotia College, GT Road, Ushagram, Asansol - 713 303, West Bengal, India

Abstract

Citrus plants are one of the most economically significant plants, which often get suffered from a wide range of diseases. Among them citrus canker is the most contagious, and pervasive bacterial disease which is caused by some pathogenic species of Xanthomonas. Previous researches revealed that three pathotypes belonging to two species of Xanthomonas i.e., Xanthomonas citri and Xanthomonas fuscans are responsible for developing the disease. In citrus canker, brown and corky necrotic lesions appear mainly in the fruits, leaves and twigs due to hyperplasia of host tissues induced by the pathogens. The disease causes severe crop loss every year throughout the world and significant visual impairment of fruits that reduce its value in fresh markets. Although chemical controlling approaches are common ways for management of any plant disease, use of chemicals may cause environmental pollution and several health hazards in human being. As an alternative, biological control has become a popular and safer means of disease management where any organism or its products are utilized. This article focuses on various biocontrol techniques that are proved to be good enough for controlling citrus canker.

Sunrit Basu Sarbadhikary*1 Click here to download file

Research Review | Published online : 27-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 600–604

P. Ruba*1, E. G. Wesely2 and A. Hannah Selvakumari3

1-2 P. G. and Research Department of Botany, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Namakkal - 637 002, Tamil Nadu, India 3 Department of Botany, Government Arts College for women, Salem - 636 008, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

In the current scenario medicinal products from natural source have been significantly contributing towards the therapeutic approach in the treatment of diseases ranging from simple to complicate. The utilization of herbal products has slowed down due to lack of standardization involving botanical, chemical and biological (activity /toxicity) aspects. Hence a computational technique incorporating in silico molecular docking simulation study has become an essential tool for drug discovery, standardization and screening of phytochemicals. In this molecular docking study, the ligand – protein interaction of pure active phytol against the targeted fusarium protein is done.

P. Ruba*1, E. G. Wesely2 and A. Hannah Selvakumari3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 27-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 605–607

Gayatri Agni Borah1, Pubali Bhuyan2 and Rimen Bordoloi*3

1 Department of Zoology, Bahana College, Bahana, Jorhat - 785 101, Assam, India 2 Department of Life Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh - 786 004, Assam, India 3 Department of Zoology, Debraj Roy College, Golaghat - 785 621, Assam, India

Abstract

North-east India is A one-year survey was conducted on fish diversity of the Doria beel, Majuli, Assam, India from the year of January, 2021 to December, 2022 by using sampling method. During the study period, a total of 50 fish species belonging to 16 families were observed, among which maximum diversity is observed in the family Cyprinidae family with 17 species. In present study, it is seen that most of the fishes reported from the Doria beel, Majuli, Assam are under least concern and not evaluated category and this implies that studies needed to a great extent to confirm the important parameters of this fishes which can also improve their conservation status.

Gayatri Agni Borah1, Pubali Bhuyan2 and Rimen Bordoloi*3 Click here to download file

Short communication | Published online : 28-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 608-610

R. J. Sawant*1 and R. M. Gejage2

1 Department of Zoology, Y. C. College of Science Karad, Vidyanagar, Karad - 415 124, Maharashtra, India 2 Smt. K. R. P. Kanya Mahavidyalaya, Islampur - 415 409, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Studies on triacylglycerol acylhydrolase activity during metamorphosis of Hellula undalis (Fab.). The partial characterization of triacylglycerol acylhydrolase activity reveled optimum pH 7.8, incubation time 20 minutes, 1% enzyme concentration, substrate concentration 6% and maximum activity at 37 ℃ optimum temperature and Km value of pupal triacylglycerol acylhydrolase is 0.09614 × 10-2 mM pupa of H. undalis. The maximum lipase activity was observed in 5th day old pupa. Lipolytic activity gradually increased from 1st day to 5th day and decreased from 6th to 9th day pupae of H. undalis

R. J. Sawant*1 and R. M. Gejage2 Click here to download file

Short communication | Published online : 29-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Vol : 14 - Issue : 2 ; 611-615

Saraswati Bisht1, Saima Altaf*2 and Ruchi Jalal3

1-3 Indira Priyadarshini Government Girls P. G. College of Commerce (Kumaun University, Nainital), Haldwani - 263 139, Uttarakhand, India

Abstract

Aquatic hyphomycetes are the mycota, playing an imperative role in maintaining ecological services viz. food web and energy flow in lotic aquatic ecosystems. The assessment of these fungi was done by surveying the leaf litter, water foam and riparian root samples of the Machilivan area of district Nainital, Uttarakhand (India). Machilivan constitutes a part of the Nandhaur River, flowing through the piedmont region of Kumaun Himalaya which is still unexplored for its mycofloral diversity. The samples were collected and processed for incubation, isolation and identification of aquatic hyphomycetes. Twelve species belonging to eight genera namely Acaulopage, Anguillospora, Flagellospora, Lunulospora, Setosynema, Tetracladium, Trescelophorus, and Wiesneriomyces were encountered from the present study site. Acaulopage dichotoma and Anguillospora crassa were recorded only in the form of riparian root endophytes. Wiesneriomyces laurinus was the first record from the foothill region of Kumaun Himalaya. Species richness was recorded as maximum in the leaf litter and minimum in the water foam samples. Winter season was noticeably most favourable for the growth of these fungi.

Saraswati Bisht1, Saima Altaf*2 and Ruchi Jalal3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 29-Apr-2023

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences

An International Journal

P- ISSN: 0976-1675

E- ISSN: 2249-4538

© CARAS (Centre for Advanced Research in Agricultural Sciences)

Volume - 14 - March-April 2023

Management of Phomopsis Fruit Rot Disease of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Caused by Phomopsis vexans under in Vivo Condition

Sabebaro Namo Das*1

1 Department of Botany, B. P. Chaliha College, Nagarbera, Kamrup - 781 127, Assam, India

Abstract

Phytochemical Screening and GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Constituents of Methanolic Extract from Anethum graveolens Leaves Powder

Nafila P. M*1 and Sr. Shemi George2

1-2 Morning Star Home Science College, Department of Home Science, Angamaly - 683 589, Kerala, India

Abstract

An Optimized PEG-NaCl Protocol for Soil DNA Isolation from Wheat Rhizosphere Region for Metagenomics Applications

Deenali N. Patel*1 and Farida P. Minocheherhomji2

1-2 B. P. Baria Science Institute, Navsari - 396 445, Gujarat, India

Abstract

Endophytic Fungi Associated with some Traditional Rice Varieties of Assam and their Antifungal and Plant Growth Promotion Potential

Sushmita Paul1, Fatima Siddique2 and Kumanand Tayung*3

1-3 Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati - 781 014, Assam, India

Abstract

Analysis of Phytochemical Constituents and Evaluation of Invitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Wrightia tinctoria Leaf and Bark: A Traditional Medicinal Plant of India

S. Rajkumar*1-2, Sathyaprabha G2 and Maghimaa Mathanmohun3

Abstract

In vitro, In silico and Chemical Profiling of Timbur Raksi, A Lesser-Known Ethnic Fermented Beverage from Darjeeling Himalaya

Soumita Bhattacharjee1, Mousikha Lala1, Prasant Gupta1, Chandra Ghosh2 and Arnab Sen*1

1 Molecular Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri - 734 013, West Bengal, India 2 Laboratory of Tea Taxonomy and Ecology, Department of Tea Science, University of North Bengal, Siliguri - 734 013, W.B., India

Abstract

Utilizing Agrowaste for Optimization and Production of Cellulase Enzyme from Aspergillus Sp

D. Manimekalai1 and G. Senthilkumar*2

1-2 A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi - 613 503, Thanjavur (District), (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli - 620 024), Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Identification, Quantification, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Ethanolic Stem Extract of Sida acuta Burm F.

Kalaimagal C*1 and Rajakumar R2

1-2 P. G. and Research Department of Biotechnology, Marudupandiyar College of Arts and Science, Vallam Post, Thanjavur - 613 403, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Evaluation of Impact of Infection with Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae on Biochemical Constituents and Enzymatic Activity in Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] Seeds

S. Khorwal1, K. Agrawal*1-2, S. Sharma3 and M. Agrawal4

1-3 Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur - 302 004, Rajasthan, India 2 Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur - 303 012, Rajasthan, India 4 Department of Home Science, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur - 302 004, Rajasthan, India

Abstract

Phytoremediation for Sustainable Environment in Polluted Land

S. Bangajavalli*1 and K. Selvaraj2

Abstract

Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Crotalaria pallida (Aiton) Seeds

Muhammed Shariq K1, Liyakath Ali A2 and Farook M. A*3

Abstract

Evaluation of Chemical and Non-chemical Options to Manage Onion Purple Blotch (Alternaria porri) in Toke Kutaye District, West Shewa, Ethiopia

Chala Geleta Dibisa1, Alemu Lencho2 and Thangavel Selvaraj*3

1-3 Department of Plant Sciences, School of Agriculture, Ambo University, Gudar Mamo Mezemir Campus, Ambo, Post Box No. 19, Ethiopia

Abstract

Phytochemical Constituents of Cissampelos pareira L. with Different Solvents

Elavarasan P*1, Muruganantham A1 and Ambikapathy V2

Abstract

Preliminary Phytochemical Screening of Vachellia nilotica and Carica papaya

Rachana Tiwari1, Rachana Choudhary2, Bhuneshwari Nayak*3 and Nidhi Dongre4

1-4 Department of Microbiology, Shri Shankaracharya Mahavidyalaya, Junwani, Bhilai - 490 020, Chhattisgarh, India

Abstract

Phytochemical, Antimicrobial Activity and Larvicidal Effect of Flower, Moringa oleifera

Agneswari S1, Ariharan V. N*2, Merlin Dayana L3, Bikash Chauhan4 and Antony Femila P. R2

Abstract

Fusarium Wilt Biocontrol and Plant Growth Promotion in Vigna radiata L. (Mung bean) by a Drought Resistant Halo-alkali-tolerant Pseudomonas aeruginosa IRP169

Kankariya Raksha A1, Chaudhari Ambalal B2 and Dandi Navin D*3

1-3 Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon - 425 001, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Comparative Study of Various Imputation Techniques for Crop Productivity

Sanju*1 and Vinay Kumar2

1-2 Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Basic Science and Humanities, CCS, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar - 125 004, Haryana, India

Abstract

Optimization and Production of Nattokinase Enzyme from Endophytic Microorganisms

B. Megala*1 and P. Thirumalaivasan2

1-2 Department of Biotechnology, Sri Mad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Thiruvanaikovil - 620 005, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Trichy - 24, Tamil Nadu, India)

Abstract

Status of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medicus) Seed Borne Mycoflora and Evaluation of Botanical Extracts and Trichoderma spp. for their Management in Ambo District, West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia

Ararsa Leta1, Habtamu Haile Kabeta2 and Thangavel Selvaraj*3

1-3 Department of Plant Sciences, School of Agriculture, Guder Mamo Mezemir Campus, Ambo University, Post Box No. 19, Ethiopia

Abstract

Phytosociological and Ethnobotanical Aspects of Selected Sacred Groves in Different Agroclimatic Zones of Pune District, India

Mukul Mahabaleshwarkar*1,3, Nivedita Ghayal1-2 and Supriya Mahabaleshwarkar3

Abstract