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P- ISSN: 0976-1675
E- ISSN: 2249-4538

© CARAS (Centre for Advanced Research in Agricultural Sciences)
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Volume- 15 - July-August 2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 901–907
Devamani Mahadevaswamy*1, Dhahira Beevi Nagoorgani2 and Manoj T. S3
1-3 Centre for Higher Studies in Botany and Sericulture (RSRS) (Periyar University), Vaikkalpattarai, Salem-17, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
A research study conducted from 2021 to 2023 at the Regional Sericultural Research Station, Salem, Tamil Nadu, investigated the effects of ten nutrient levels on the growth, yield, and quality of tree mulberry in response to challenges such as water scarcity. T2 exhibited superior growth and yield parameters, with 33.99 branches per tree, 29.99 leaves per branch, a branch length of 145.35 cm, and leaf/stem yields of 31.21 and 19.89 mt/ha/year, respectively. T5 showed the best results in silkworm economic parameters, including larval weight (52.83 g), cocoon weight (2.18 g), shell weight (0.53 g), shell ratio (24.19%), and filament length (1328 m). Regarding nutrient content, T5 recorded the highest percentages of N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg (3.88, 0.29, 3.62, 0.29, 3.67, 1.0%). Additionally, sulfur content was similar in T5 and T2 (0.29%). Micronutrients such as Zn, Fe, Mn and B were also highest in T5 (61.24, 148.63, 140.61, and 82.64 ppm). Nutrient uptake analysis revealed that T2 followed by T5 had the highest uptake of macro nutrients N, P, K, S, Ca, and Mg (260.82, 18.97, 242.17, 20.05, 250.89, and 75.33 kg/ha/year for T2 and 237.35, 17.89, 220.65, 19.42, 218.69, and 68.31 kg/ha/year for T5). The study revealed that T2 and T5 exhibited superior performance in tree mulberry plants.

Devamani Mahadevaswamy*1, Dhahira Beevi Nagoorgani2 and Manoj T. S3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 01-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 908–917
Ritika Dadhich*1 and Anju Goyal2
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Science, B. N. University, Udaipur - 313 001, Rajasthan, India 2 Department of Chemistry, B. N. University, Udaipur - 313 001, Rajasthan, India
Abstract
The research findings underscore the multifaceted medicinal potential of Hibiscus, Fenugreek, and Nigella sativa in promoting hair growth and improving overall hair health. Hibiscus, known for its aesthetic allure, is found to be abundant in phytochemicals and essential vitamins and minerals crucial for hair vitality. Fenugreek, with its diverse bioactive constituents, exhibits promising potential in stimulating hair growth through various mechanisms, despite limited direct research. Similarly, Nigella sativa emerges as a potent natural remedy, supported by clinical trials and observational studies, in enhancing hair density and scalp health. Overall, these findings highlight the significance of botanical remedies in hair care and underscore the need for further research to optimize their therapeutic applications. In conclusion, the collective evidence from experimental and clinical studies strongly supports the efficacy of Hibiscus flower extracts in promoting hair growth and improving overall hair health. The significant enhancements observed in hair growth parameters and scalp conditions underscore its profound medicinal potential in the realm of hair care. However, further research is needed to optimize formulations and dosages to maximize the benefits of Hibiscus-based products in hair care. Similarly, fenugreek and Nigella sativa offer promising therapeutic properties, suggesting their potential as safe and effective options for individuals seeking natural solutions for hair growth concerns. Consulting with a healthcare professional is advisable before incorporating these botanicals into one's hair care regimen, particularly for individuals with underlying health conditions or sensitivities.

Ritika Dadhich*1 and Anju Goyal2 Click here to download file

Research Review | Published online : 01-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 918–921
Taniya Sahu1, Rachana Choudhary*2 and Pragya Kulkarni3
1 Department of Microbiology, Government V. Y. T. Post Graduate Autonomous College, Durg - 491 001, Chhattisgarh, India 2-3 Dr. Manrakhan Lal Sahu Government College, Shivpuri Jamul - 490 024, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
In the present study, cellulase-producing bacteria were isolated from press mud sample of Sugar Industry (Louh Purus Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Sahkari Sakker Karkhana Kabirdham, Chhattisgarh). The abundantly available press mud waste obtained during sugar processing was used as a sample for the isolation of cellulase-producing bacteria by using CMC agar. The isolates were further primary screened for cellulase production through the Congo-Red decolorization method. The secondary screening was done by the DNS method for the assessment of enzyme units. Although 24 strains were isolated on CMC agar media. They were further screened for the Congo-Red decolorization test, out of which 07 isolates showed cellulase production activity in terms of Congo-Red decolorization on agar media. Then these isolates were further secondary screened by biochemical activity, and after that, 05 isolates were quantitatively analyzed by their enzyme production by the DNS method. However, all five isolates effectively produced cellulase enzymes and showed good potential, which may be further scaled up by the optimization process.

Taniya Sahu1, Rachana Choudhary*2 and Pragya Kulkarni3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 01-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 922–924
Arun R. Gulave*1
1 Department of Zoology, Hon. Balasaheb Jadhav Arts, Commerce and Science College, Ale, Tal- Junnar, District Pune, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of biofertilizers with chemical fertilizers and other organic fertilizers on growth and yield of Tomato (Rajashree, by Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth Rahuri). Three types of biofertilizers viz. Azospirillum, phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas (VAM) in different combinations with chemical and other inorganic fertilizers were tested in a randomized block design with two replications. The result revealed that, significantly taller plants, better yield parameters, better fruit quality, higher yield was recorded with the application of 50% N through vermicompost + 50% N through urea. Required quantity of P and K through SSP (Single super phosphate) and MOP (Muret of potash) + Biofertilizer (azospirillum, phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas (VAM).

Arun R. Gulave*1 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 01-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 925–929
Rupali Sharma1 and Sandeep Bhardwaj*2
1 Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar - 125 004, Haryana, India 2 Department of Basic Engineering, College of Agriculture Engineering and Technology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar - 125 004, Haryana, India
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables, vital for daily nutrition, have seen a rise in demand due to their rich content of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and dietary fibers. However, these perishables face challenges from both abiotic and biotic factors, leading to spoilage and biochemical deterioration, which can compromise quality and safety. Postharvest losses are significant, especially in developing countries, often reaching 20-30%. Cold storage is essential but insufficient alone, necessitating additional postharvest technologies to maintain quality. Respiration rates, particularly in climacteric fruits, increase during ripening, marking senescence. Minimizing respiration and ethylene production is crucial for prolonging shelf life. Edible films and coatings have emerged as an effective solution, creating a barrier that reduces respiration, transpiration, and senescence while potentially incorporating nutrients and bio-preservatives. The quality of fruits and vegetables is multifaceted, encompassing appearance, texture, flavor, nutritional value, and safety, which can change during storage and commercialization due to environmental interactions. Edible coatings, made from natural, biodegradable polymers like proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, offer a promising alternative to synthetic materials. These coatings can prolong shelf life by modifying the gaseous environment, reducing respiration and ethylene biosynthesis, and filling surface cracks. Edible coatings have shown effectiveness in preserving quality attributes such as texture, flavor, and nutritional content across various fruits. Research highlights their role in maintaining antioxidants, phenolics, and pigments, as well as regulating physicochemical properties. Different application methods (dipping, brushing, spraying) and composite blends enhance the coatings' effectiveness. Studies demonstrate the potential of coatings to reduce decay, delay ripening, and improve appearance while incorporating functional benefits like antioxidants. The development of edible coatings continues to focus on enhancing mechanical, barrier, and sensory properties, making them a viable solution for extending the shelf life and quality of fresh produce.

Rupali Sharma1 and Sandeep Bhardwaj*2 Click here to download file

Research Review | Published online : 02-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 930–933
Manoj T. S1, Dhahira Beevi N2 and Devamani M3
1-3 Centre for Higher Studies in Botany and Sericulture, Regional Sericultural Research Station, Affiliated to Periyar University, Vaikkalpattarai, Salem - 17, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
The success of silkworm rearing is depended on mulberry leaf yield and quality defined by utilization of chemical fertilizers along with other manures with its management in cultivation of mulberry plantation. The key factor that affects soil fertility, plant growth and crop quality also defined by fertilizers. However, the continuous application of chemical fertilizers will also invite adverse soil conditions along with crop failures. The present study was undertaken to supplement the chemical fertilizers application in a mulberry garden with high yielding mulberry variety of “Genotype-4(G4)” to analyze the growth, yield, and biochemical contents in an instant available through different fertilizer combination practices. The field experiment conducted in a randomized block design, with five replications at Salem, Tamil Nadu, India. There were twelve treatments, absolute control with zero application of fertilizer (T0), control with 100% recommended dose of fertilizer with farm yard manure (T1), 5 MT Poultry manure with 100% RDF and Green manure (T2), 7.5 MT Poultry manure with 100% RDF and Green manure (T3), 10 MT Poultry manure with 100% RDF and Green manure (T4), 5 MT Poultry manure with 75% RDF, Green manure and bio fertilizer (T5 ), 7.5 MT Poultry manure with 75% RDF, Green manure and bio fertilizer (T6 ), 10 MT Poultry manure with 75% RDF, Green manure and bio fertilizer (T7 ), 5 MT Poultry manure with 50% RDF, Green manure and bio fertilizer (T8 ), 7.5 MT Poultry manure with 50% RDF, Green manure and bio fertilizer (T9 ), 10 MT Poultry manure with 50% RDF, Green manure and bio fertilizer, 100% RDF with farmyard manure and green manure. Few major parameters are tested and the results are the highest 10 leaf area (3698 cm2), leaf number per plant (321), total leaf weight per plant (1213.60 g), height of the plant (211.33), total biomass (1982.60), length of longest shoot (179.53 cm) and total leaf yield per hectare per year (35242.94 kg) were noticed in T7 treatment followed by T1, T10 and T11 treatments. The highest moisture (75.27%), total nitrogen, total phosphorus (12.10%), total potassium (1.65%), total sugar (16.65%), crude protein (18.98%), and soluble carbohydrate (13.66%) were also recorded in T7 treatment as compare to other treatments. The outcome of research experiment proves that among the ten fertilizer management practices of 10mt poultry manure with 75% NPK with green manure and biofertilizers generate similar impact of 100% NPK application in mulberry G4 variety.

Manoj T. S1, Dhahira Beevi N2 and Devamani M3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 03-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 934–937
Neeta Kagada*1 and K. Shailaja2
1-2 Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 007, Telangana State, India
Abstract
Lakes throughout the globe have been gravely altered or degraded at a pace much more significant than their restoration. Water quality safety is crucial in maintaining lakes' ecosystem service functions. The current study focuses on determining physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, EC, hardness, chlorides, alkalinity, DO, BOD, COD, phosphate, and sulphate in water samples from Lakhanvaram Lake over one year to analyse variations. To better understand the water quality changes in Lakhanvaram Lake and to identify the driving factors of water quality changes over time, this study evaluated and presented the water quality of Lakhanvaram Lake using 10 parameters. The results showed that trophic level index (TLI), trophic state index (TSI), and eutrophication index (EI) have to be evaluated to quantify the risk of eutrophication. These indices showed that the lake water was hyper-eutrophic in summer, with TLI, TSI, and EI values of 60.1, 63.0, and 66.6, respectively. This study revealed that controlling agriculture drainage is crucial for lake water quality management. The study generated critical data for managing water quality plans to control the risk.

Neeta Kagada*1 and K. Shailaja2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 04-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 938–941
V. Maivizhi1 and P. S. Sujatha*2
1-2 P. G. and Research Department of Zoology, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Coimbatore - 641 018, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Medicinal plants have bioactive compounds known as phytochemicals that play an important role in curing and healing of various diseases in human. Ellagitannins occur naturally in some fruits, nuts, and seeds. They form a diverse group of bioactive polyphenols with anti-Inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The medicinal plant Lagerstroemia speciosa that grows in Tamil Nadu’s Western Ghats was the subject of the current study. For assurance of quality, samples of acetone leaf extract (LALE) were used to identify the phytochemical components of the plants. The amounts of the major components are given by the GC-MS and HPLC. The present study involves the phytocompounds analysis, identification, isolation and biological activities of ellagitannin from acetone leaf extracts of L. speciosa. The phytochemical analysis shows the presents of phytocompounds in the acetone leaf extracts of experimental plant. The GC-MS analysis shows the major compounds of leaf of L. speciosa. The HPLC shows the quantitative and qualitative amount of ellagitannin in the leaf of L. speciosa. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the aqueous acetone extract of the leaves afforded three active ellagitannins, lagerstroemia, flosin B and reginin A.

V. Maivizhi1 and P. S. Sujatha*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 06-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 942–948
Mallepu S. Likhitha Reddy1, T. Gohain2 and Khrawbor Dkhar*3
1-3 School of Agricultural Sciences (SAS), Nagaland University, Campus Medziphema - 797 106, Nagaland, India
Abstract
Investigation entitled “Effect of different weed management methods on growth and yield of finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn) cultivars under the foot hill conditions of Nagaland” was undertaken at the Experimental Farm, Department of Agronomy, SASRD, Nagaland University during Kharif season, June to October 2019. The experiment was laid out in Split Plot Design with three replications including five finger millet varieties viz.,V1-GPU 66, V2 -GPU 67, V3-VL 352 ,V4-VL 376 and V5-VR 847 and four weed management practices viz., W1: Weedy check, W2: PE of pendimethalin @ 1 kg ha-1 fb one hoeing at 30 DAS, W3: PE of pendimethalin @ 1 kg ha-1 fb mulching at 10-15 DAS and W4: PE of pendimethalin @ 1 kg ha-1 fb 2,4-D @ 0.75 kg ha-1 at 25-30 DAS. Results revealed that growth parameters such as plant height (cm), CGR (g m-2 day-1), RGR (g g-1 day-1) etc., and yield attributes viz., grain yield (1789.8 kg ha-1), straw yield (4959.0 kg ha-1) and harvest index (27.0%) were higher with the variety V4-VL 376. Among different weed management practices treatment W4: PE of pendimethalin @ 1 kg ha-1fb 2,4-D @ 0.75 kg ha-1 at 25-30 DAS recorded higher growth attributes, yield attributes and yield at all stages of crop. Among weed observations Cynodon dactylon, Digitaria sanguinalis etc., were dominant lower weed density (2.5 no m-2 at 40 DAS) higher weed control efficiency (84.9% at 40 DAS) were recorded with the treatment W4 - pendimethalin @ 1 kg ha-1fb 2,4-D @ 0.75 kg ha-1 at 25-30 DAS. Lower weed index (16.1%) was recorded with the treatment W2: PE of pendimethalin @ 1 kg ha-1fb hoeing at 30 DAS.

Mallepu S. Likhitha Reddy1, T. Gohain2 and Khrawbor Dkhar*3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 08-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 949–952
Bhudeo Rana Yashu1, Khusboo Gupta2, Uday Pratap Singh3 and Savita Jangde*4
1-4 Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
Soil salinity and boron toxicity are significant abiotic stressors affecting agricultural performance. This study investigates the impact of these stresses on the germination and early seedling growth of the wheat variety HUW 234. Experiments were conducted during the rabi seasons of 2014-15 and 2015-16 using varying concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) and boron (B). Results indicated that increasing NaCl concentrations significantly decreased germination percentages and amylase activity, demonstrating the detrimental effects of soil salinity on wheat. Conversely, boron exhibited a more complex relationship: while high concentrations (4.5 and 5.0 mg B/kg soil) negatively affected germination and enzyme activity, an optimal concentration of 2.0 mg B/kg soil enhanced these parameters. These findings highlight the limited tolerance of HUW 234 to high soil salinity and its narrow optimal range for boron. Developing strategies to enhance salt and boron tolerance in wheat, such as genetic improvements and stress management approaches, is crucial for improving productivity in saline and boron-rich soils. Further research into the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying these responses is essential for designing effective mitigation strategies.

Bhudeo Rana Yashu1, Khusboo Gupta2, Uday Pratap Singh3 and Savita Jangde*4 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 10-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 953–956
Gana Shruthy M. K.1, C. G. Yadava*2 and Santhosha K. M.3
1 Department of Economics, M.K.K.P Government First Grade College, Husoor, Bidar - 585 416, Karnataka, India 2 Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkote - 587 104, Karnataka, India 3 School of Agribusiness Management, Karnataka State Rural Development and Panchayat Raj University, Gadag - 582 101, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Coffee is a highly labor-intensive crop. However severe shortage of labour is a prevalent problem in coffee production. Thereby the study intends to understand the workforce in the coffee production. The paper is based on the secondary data published by the Coffee Board of India. Descriptive statistical tools such as averages, percentages, CAGR were used for analysis. The workforce in the coffee sector has steadily increased over the years, the CAGR being 1.54 percent. The labour productivity was found to be only 0.14 percent. The study reveals that the higher number of workers was not essentially translated into higher productivity. This means that it is the lack of ‘skilled’ labour force existing in the coffee production. The study suggests mechanization of production operations and attracting youth into coffee sector could further boost the production.

Gana Shruthy M. K.1, C. G. Yadava*2 and Santhosha K. M.3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 12-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 957–962
Ganesan G1 and P. S. Sujatha*2
1-2 PG and Research Department of Zoology, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Coimbatore - 641 018, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Obesity, is a global health issue affecting 300 million people, is caused by excessive fat accumulation in specialized fat cells. Lagerstroemia speciosa, a native of Southeast Asia's Western and Eastern Ghats, produces abundant flowers with horticultural and therapeutic value. The study investigates the therapeutic value of L. speciosa ethanolic green and red leaf extracts against caprylic acid and a high-fat diet in Albino rats. The phytochemical profile reveals abundant phytoconstituents, including corosolic acid, lagerstroemin, and anthocyanin at high levels. The experimental animals were divided into seven groups with n=6 animals and fed a high-fat diet for 21 days, except the control group. The groups IV, V, VI, and VII are the experimental groups, orally fed with LELE Low Dose and High Dose (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight), and the II and III are the standard groups treated with HFD and Caprylic acid. The control group receives a normal diet and is evaluated for the estimation of biochemical parameters. A histopathological evaluation was also performed. The results show that the treated groups showed a significant (***P<0.001, **P<0.01, *P<0.05) elevation compared to the control group. The blood test reveals an increase in the number of blood cells and the Hg level. The antiobesity activity of LELE in HCD has considerably changed body weight and biochemical aspects. Administration of LELE significantly reduced body weight, total lipid profile, and blood glucose in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, the acute toxicity of LELE demonstrates that it is safe and non-toxic, while the treated group demonstrated dose dependence and decreased obesity. These effects could be due to the presence of phytoconstituents such as corosolic acid and lagerstroemin in the green leaf and the red pigment anthocyanin, present in the red leaf of L. speciosa an ethanolic leaf plant extract.

Ganesan G1 and P. S. Sujatha*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 15-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 963–965
K. Umamaheshwaran1, Ajish Muraleedharan*2, J. L. Joshi3 and Praveen Sampath Kumar4
1 Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar - 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India 2Department of Horticulture, Agriculture College and Research Institute, TNAU, Killikulam, Thoothukudi District, Tamil Nadu, India 3Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Rice Research Station, TNAU, Tirupatheeswaram, TNAU, Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India 4 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Floriculture Research Station, TNAU, Thovalai, TNAU, Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
The present study “Effect of biostimulants on growth and yield of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora) cv. Paper yellow” was carried out at farmers field, Rayakottai, Krishnagiri, Tamil Nadu during 2022-2023. The word “Chrysanthemum” comes from two Greek words, Chrysos means golden and anthos means flower which means golden flower. It is native to the Northern hemisphere and is widely distributed in Europe and Asia. However, the origin of chrysanthemum is China. The results revealed that all the treatments differed significantly with respect to growth parameters. Among the treatments, the treatment T9 (0.8% of fulvic acid + 5ml/L of Ascophyllum nodosum) was found to be superior for all the growth parameters viz., plant height (65.06 cm), number of branches plant-1 (16.90). Among the treatments, T9 (0.8% of fulvic acid + 5ml /L of Ascophyllum nodosum) recorded the maximum days taken for 50% bud initiation (84.16 days). All the treatments differed significantly with respect to yield parameters. Among them, T9 (0.8% of fulvic acid + 5ml /L of Ascophyllum nodosum) recorded best values regarding flower yield plant-1 (108.78 g), flower yield hectare-1 (36.26 t).

K. Umamaheshwaran1, Ajish Muraleedharan*2, J. L. Joshi3 and Praveen Sampath Kumar4 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 19-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 966–970
Sampat Choudhary*1, Amit Kumawat2, Shri Rakesh3, Garima Choudhary4 and Pooja Kumari Meena5
1-3 Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner - 334 006, Rajasthan, India 4 Department of Agronomy, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur - 313 001, Rajasthan, India 5 Department of Agronomy, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur - 313 001, Rajasthan, India
Abstract
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.), commonly known as Chawla, Lobia, black-eyed pea or southern pea etc. is a popular short season drought hardy nature and short duration pulse crop farmed throughout India. Its wide and droopy leaves keep soils and soil moisture conserved due to shading effect. Being a legume crop, cowpea fits well in inter-cropping system and an integral part of sustainable agriculture. A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2022 to study the effect of fertility levels and biofertilizers on growth and yield of cowpea at the Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with 24 treatment combination replicated thrice. The results revealed that growth and yield of cowpea were significantly influenced by different fertility levels. Results showed that application of 20 kg/ha N + 40 kg/ha P2O5 gave significantly higher plant height, number of branches/plant, number of root nodules/plant, dry weight of root nodules, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate, relative growth rate, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, test weight, seed, straw and biological yield and harvest index as compared to control and application of 10 kg/ha N + 20 kg/ha P2O5, but it was at par with application of 30 kg/ha N + 60 kg/ha P2O5. Among biofertilizer treatments seed inoculation with Rhizobium + PSB + VAM recorded highest plant height, number of branches/plant, number of root nodules/plant, dry weight of root nodules, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate, relative growth rate, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, test weight, seed, straw and biological yield, harvest index as compared to control, Rhizobium, PSB, Rhizobium + PSB and VAM.

Sampat Choudhary*1, Amit Kumawat2, Shri Rakesh3, Garima Choudhary4 and Pooja Kumari Meena5 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 22-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 971–977
Sandhya Pandey*1 and Arpita Awasthi2
1 Awadhesh Pratap Singh University, Rewa - 486 003, Madhya Pradesh, India 2 Thakur Ranmat Singh College, Rewa - 486 001, Madhya Pradesh, India
Abstract
In the realm of herbal remedies, Hedychium coronarium is a significant species of medicinal plant with a variety of applications. In order to rapidly and effectively determine the closeness of genotypes, a molecular markers-based assessment of Hedychium coronarium genotypes gathered from various places was carried out utilizing 14 inter simple sequence repeats and 12 random amplified polymorphic DNA markers. Using Jaccard's similarity coefficient of independent and combined markers, a dendrogram was created using sequential agglomerative hierarchical and nested (SAHN) clustering and the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) analysis. In every case, two clusters were discovered. Furthermore, the degree of genetic similarity between germplasms obtained from various locations was also shown by the clustering patterns. The greatest possible realization of this technique's potential would enable the identification and tagging of a significant novel gene in various taxa that has not yet been fully investigated, hence promoting the advancement of this significant medicinal plant species. The results would be very important enough to support current biotechnological approaches to the conservation and characterization of related medicinal plants.

Sandhya Pandey*1 and Arpita Awasthi2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 23-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 978–981
Amitha Nanggia R1 and V. Manimozhi*2
1-2 Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology, Ethiraj College for Women (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai - 600 008, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Panicum miliaceum L. (family Poaceae), commonly known as proso millet is cultivated throughout the tropical regions of the world including India. The seeds are small and gluten-free, containing high amount of protein compared to other grains (10-12%) and significantly rich in essential amino acids. The present investigation was carried out to determine the effects of induced gamma irradiation in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) variety CO(PV) 5 on physiological parameter such as germination and growth. Dry seeds of proso millet are exposed to gamma source - Cobalt-60 (60Co) at doses ranging from 50, 100, 150 and 200 Gray (Gy). The results showed that the final germination percent and seedling (radicle and plumule) length was observed to be high in radiated seeds of 50 Gy and 100 Gy respectively, when compared to control (non-irradiated). Phytochemical differences based on protein content revealed that seeds irradiated at 150 Gy contained high protein than control. The study concluded that the results were dependent on time and dose of gamma radiation.

Amitha Nanggia R1 and V. Manimozhi*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 24-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 982–987
S. Ranjith Raja Ram*1 and R. Elakkiya2
1-2 Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar - 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Brinjal is an important vegetable crop and a good source of dietary minerals, vitamins, iron and anthocyanin based on the economic and nutritional value of brinjals, breeding efforts focus on developing high yielding promising hybrids with resistant to many pests and diseases. Heterosis or Hybrid vigour is a hybrid which is phenotypically superior over its parents for quantitative and qualitative characters. Heterosis breeding is one of the efficient tools to exploit the heterotic response for various useful traits. The Line x Tester crossing was undertaken with seven lines and three testers were evaluated along with twenty-one hybrids in RBD design to estimate the magnitude of heterosis for yield and its yield contributing characters. The best way to utilize heterosis breeding in crop is to generate F1 hybrids having maximum heterozygosity, thereby facilitating the identification and selection of hybrid vigour. The positive significant standard heterosis for fruit yield per plant was maximum with Sevanthipatti brinjal x Arka harshita (12.33%) followed by Arka keshav x Arka harshita (11.72%) and Kulasai brinjal x Arka harshita (8.62%) respectively. Some of the promising hybrids have showed desirable heterosis for days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of flowers per cluster, number of fruits per cluster, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit breadth, fruit weight and fruit yield per plant. The Hybrids Sevanthipatti Brinjal X Arka harshita and Kulasai brinjal X Arka harshita recorded with high per se performance, highly significance SCA effects and high standard heterosis for fruit yield and its component character were found to be suitable for heterosis breeding.

S. Ranjith Raja Ram*1 and R. Elakkiya2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 26-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 988–991
D. K. Debata*1 and L. K. Das2
1 RRTTS, G. Udayagiri (OUAT), Kandhamal - 762 100, Odisha, India 2 College of Agriculture, Bhawanipatna, Kalahandi - 766 100, Odisha, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at the research station in G. Udayagiri of Kndhamal district during the rabi season 2020-2022, to evaluate dates of sowing of wheat. The experiment was applied using the randomized block design (RBD) with five replicates experiment method, where the planting dates were occupied (1/11, 15/11, 1/12 and 15/12). The results showed that the sowing date (1/11) was superior to the other dates of sowing. Plant height was 94.0 cm, no of tillers-5.2, grains/ear-37.2, yield -19.7q ha-1 found during 1st November sowing which were superior to other dates of sowing. Hence, 1st November sowing is best for wheat in North Eastern Ghat region.

D. K. Debata*1 and L. K. Das2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 29-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 992–997
Ranjit Kumar Behera*1 and Krushna Shankar Pattanaik2
1 Centre for Environment and Development, Bhubaneswar - 751 003, Odisha, India 2 Odisha Space Applications Centre (ORSAC), Bhubaneswar - 751 023, Odisha, India
Abstract
Land resources are the prime anchors required for the sustained quality of human life and the foundation of agricultural development. Land use and land cover (LU/LC) mapping serves as a kind of basic information for land resources inventory. Detecting and analyzing the quantitative changes of the land surface has become necessary and advantageous, because it can result in proper planning, which would ultimately result in improvement in sustainable land resources. Integration of Remote Sensing and GIS is helpful in planning and management of land resources for adoption of location specific technologies. The socio-economic growth of an area depends primarily on continuing preservation and effective utilization of its natural resources. Therefore, an attempt has been made to develop integrated land resources management of watersheds by applying Remote Sensing and GIS technologies. Ghagara watershed in Baleswar district of Odisha, India has been identified as the present study. In the context, an action research method adopted, where land resources were planned for management in an effective way to control land degradation and enhance the long-term sustainability of agricultural land and rural communities through locality-based land use planning and its management at the watershed level.

Ranjit Kumar Behera*1 and Krushna Shankar Pattanaik2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 29-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 998–1001
Arvind Kumar*1 and Konica Gera2
1-2 Faculty of Indian Medical System (FIMS), SGT University, Gurugram - 122 505, Haryana, India
Abstract
Millets have potential therapeutic and nutrition profiles that play an important role in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). The Sustainable Development Goal SDG3 is one of the most important goals, which is crosstalk other SDGs. The objective of SDG3 is to promote health and wellbeing. Millets are helpful in many pathological conditions because of their gluten-free property and low glycaemic index that promotes SDG-3 Good Health and Well-being. Millets are high in protein, vitamins, minerals, and fiber, all of which are deficient in the diets of impoverished people. They can also give you long-lasting satisfaction and are a good energy source. So, millets play an important role in achieving SDG 2 Zero Hunger. Millets require less investment and natural resources as compared to major cereals. Millets can achieve SDG 1 (No poverty) by providing a stable source of income for small farmers. A smaller amount of fertilizer and insecticide is needed for the millet crop, which is helpful for preventing harmful effects on the environment that helps meet SDG 13 Climate Action. This article analyses the role of millets in achieving Sustainable Development Goals, primarily environmental and health issues, particularly SDG1, SDG 2, SDG 3, and SGD 13.

Arvind Kumar*1 and Konica Gera2 Click here to download file

Research Review | Published online : 30-Jul-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1002-1006
Aswini Moorthy1 and Sudha Govindan*2
1-2 Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioscience, Periyar University, Salem - 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
This study was carried out to elucidate the anticoagulant and antioxidant activities of water-soluble alkali polysaccharide (HUAP) from Hypsizygus ulmarius mushroom. Antioxidant activities of HUAP was evaluated by DMPD, Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, FRAP, Lipid peroxidation inhibition assay. Moreover, there in vitro anti-coagulant activities was evaluated by activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT) and thrombin time (TT) assays. In additionally HUAP having notable scavenging action against DMPD (EC50 = 13.29 mg/mL), Hydroxyl radicals (EC50 = 3.48 mg/mL), Lipid peroxidation inhibition (EC50 = 0.541 mg/mL) and also exhibited Ferric reducing power (FRAP) (EC50 = 1.97 mg/mL). At 5mg/ml, HUAP’s anticoagulant activity using APTT, PT and TT was calculated to be 42.15s, 14.2s and 25.25s, respectively. Antioxidant assay showed that HUAP exhibited strong radical scavenging activity, reducing power and LPO inhibition. HUAP had remarkably superior antioxidant activity and might be developed as a natural antioxidant. HUAP exhibited potent anticoagulant activity and would be expected to be a potential source of anticoagulant.

Aswini Moorthy1 and Sudha Govindan*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 01-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1007–1009
Kunti Banjare1, Sakshi Bajaj*2 and M. R. Dinkar3
1-2 RSV College of Agriculture and Research Station (IGKV Raipur), Bemetara, Chhattisgarh, India 3 Rural Extension Development Officer Horticulture, Bemetara, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
Ginger, the rhizome of Zingiber officinale Roscoe, is one of the most widely used spices from the family Zingiberaceae. India is the largest ginger-producing country in the world, with an annual production of 795,028 tonnes from an area of 138,479 ha during 2008–09 (Spices Board 2011). The field experiment on ginger was carried out in the Northern Hilly region of Chhattisgarh, focusing on the potential to substantially improve production and productivity, particularly in the Korea district. The study was conducted during the Kharif seasons in seven villages: Salka, Nagar, Umjhar, Tilwandad, Dakaipara, Bhandarpara, and Sonhat, under Baikunthpur and Sonhat blocks of Korea district. The Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) in Korea conducted front line demonstrations with an improved package of practices for ginger cultivation over two years (2015-16 and 2016-17) and achieved yields significantly higher than those obtained by farmers using traditional practices. The yield of ginger can be increased by demonstrating improved cultivation technology on farmers' fields under the supervision of KVK scientists. The average yield from 24 demonstrations over an area of 15 ha was found to be 265.3 q/ha, compared to 171.7 q/ha from existing practices. This represents an average yield increase of 54.20%, with an extension gap of 187.2 q/ha over two years. The demonstrations showed active participation of farmers, aiming to showcase the potential of improved vegetable production technologies. These technologies included the use of improved varieties, rhizome treatment with bio-culture, balanced fertilizer application, and pest management.

Kunti Banjare1, Sakshi Bajaj*2 and M. R. Dinkar3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 01-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1010–1013
Reema Teotia*1 and Shefali Poonia2
1-2 Department of Botany, D. N. College Meerut - 250 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
In India, the tendency to cultivate maize intercropping with legumes for improving yield and quality is developing although allelopathic effects of legumes on growth and germination of maize not know. Legume leachates were created in a lab, which is both cost-effective and environmentally beneficial. As a result, leachates of leguminous crops had a favourable impact on maize's emergence, shoot length, and root length. Vigna radiata and Vigna mungo leaves and stems soaked individually in water at the rate of 100g per litre of water for 24 hours. Leachates of legumes demonstrated favourable effects on germination and growth of maize.

Reema Teotia*1 and Shefali Poonia2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 03-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1014–1022
Navneet Sharma*1, Deepali Aggarwal2 and Sheelendra Mangal Bhatt3
1-3 School of Life Science and Technology, IIMT University, Meerut - 250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
The current article discusses miRNAs called 'killer RNAs' and the method of their gene regulation, which are highly specific to target genes. There are various bioinformatics tools that can be used to find out the miRNA. Furthermore, the discovery of miRNAs has opened up new possibilities for therapeutic interventions in diseases such as cancer, where dysregulation of miRNAs has been implicated in tumor development and progression. By manipulating the expression of specific miRNAs, researchers hope to develop novel treatments that can target cancer cells with precision and minimal side effects. Overall, the study of miRNAs and their regulatory functions represents a promising area of research with far-reaching implications for understanding gene expression, disease mechanisms, and potential therapeutic strategies. As technology continues to advance, the field of miRNA research is likely to uncover even more insights into the complex world of gene regulation.

Navneet Sharma*1, Deepali Aggarwal2 and Sheelendra Mangal Bhatt3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 05-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1023–1025
A. A. Dademal*1, M. C. Kasture2, N. V. Mhaskar3, S. S. More4 and C. S. Kadam5
1-5 Agricultural Research Station, Repoli, District Raigad, Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli, Ratnagiri - 415 712, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Repoli District Raigad (Maharashtra) during the Kharif season of 2022 to study the effect of silicon on growth and yield of rice under medium black soils of Konkan. The number of panicles hill-1 (15.75) and length of panicle (22.25 cm) was recorded highest in treatment where silicon was applied through root treatment and three sprays @ 4 ml / lit. Similarly, the significantly higher grain (53.36 q ha-1) and straw yield (69.37 q ha-1) was recorded in treatment T3 (Silicon - Root Sapling and 3 Spray @ 4 ml / lit) over rest of the treatments.

A. A. Dademal*1, M. C. Kasture2, N. V. Mhaskar3, S. S. More4 and C. S. Kadam5 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 05-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1026–1029
Autade R. H.1, A. M. Bhosale2 and S. P. Giri*3
1-3 Department of Botany, Padmashri Vikhe Patil College of Arts, Science and Commerce Pravaranagar, A/p – Loni Kd, Tal – Rahata, District Ahmednagar - 413 713, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
The present study investigates the antimicrobial effects of Woodfordia fruticosa (Dhataki) using crude methanolic extracts of its leaves and flowers against five bacterial and two fungal pathogens through disc diffusion assay. Both extracts exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory activity. The leaf extract was effective against all tested pathogens except Aspergillus niger, while the flower extract showed no inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumoniae. This research suggests that substituting synthetic antibiotics with medicinal bioactive compounds from Woodfordia fruticosa could eliminate the side effects of synthetic drugs, offering a safer, long-term alternative for treating infections.

Autade R. H.1, A. M. Bhosale2 and S. P. Giri*3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 06-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1030–1032
S. Srinivasan*1, J. Jose Gift Singh2 and R. Bhuvaneswari3
1-2 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University Annamalainagar - 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India 3 Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute (TNAU), Aduthurai - 612 101, Mahadanapuram, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
The field experiment was carried out at Farmer’s Field, Vallampadugai Village, Chidambaram Taluk in Cuddalore District during August – November, 2022 to investigate soil application of bio-compost, consortia bio-fertilizer and foliar spray of Panchagavya and fish amino acid on yield, quality and soil organic matter content with kodo millet grown in sandy loam soil. The field trial was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with nine treatments and three replications. The study included nine treatments were T1- Absolute control, T2- 100% RDF (44:22:0 kg N: P2O5: K2O ha-1), T3- Bio-compost @ 10 t ha-1, T4- T3 + CBF@ 2 kg ha-1, T5- T3 + PK@3%, T6- T3 + FAA@0.5%, T7- T3 + CBF@ 2 kg ha-1 + PK@3%, T8- T3 + CBF@ 2 kg ha-1 + FAA @ 0.5%, T9- T3 + PK@3% + FAA @ 0.5%. Kodo millet was grown as test crop with proper cultural practices. The results of the study revealed that significantly highest grain yield of 2110.74 kg ha-1 was found to be with bio-compost@10 t ha-1 + CBF@ 2 kg ha-1 + PK@3% (T7) than control (T1) (982.56 kgha-1). The same treatment registered highest harvest index (34.36) crude protein (7.68%), crude fiber (5.43%), ash content (3.15%) and soil organic carbon content of 4.3 g kg-1 compared to other treatments.

S. Srinivasan*1, J. Jose Gift Singh2 and R. Bhuvaneswari3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 07-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1033–1036
Helenmary Piramila B*1, Kavitha R2 and Brijith Oviya M3
1-3 P. G. and Research Department of Botany, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli - 620 002, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
In the present-day of technological world, people suffer due to various life-threatening diseases. The medicine used to cure these diseases cause ill effects. To overcome these effects, plant-based drugs are in use now-a-days since it has lesser or no side effects. In recent years, silver nanoparticle offers a novel platform to cure various ailments than the crude plant drugs as it specifically targets only the infected cells and not the normal cells. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using chemicals lead to environmental problems. Hence, an attempt was made to synthesis silver nanoparticles using leaf extracts of Pisonia alba an important medicinal plant. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were confirmed by UV-Visible Spectrum, FT-IR, SEM, EDAX and antioxidant activity was performed. The results proves that the synthesized silver nanoparticles can be an effective antioxidant agent.

Helenmary Piramila B*1, Kavitha R2 and Brijith Oviya M3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 12-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1037–1040
V. Maivizhi1 and P. S. Sujatha*2
1-2 P. G. and Research Department of Zoology, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Coimbatore - 641 018, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a prevalent malignancy globally, posing a significant challenge to healthcare systems. Severe liver damage can result from minimal exposures to diethyl nitrosamine (DEN) or dimethyl nitrosamine (DMN) via parenteral or oral routes. DEN, available commercially for experimental use, is also present in tobacco smoke, water, cured and fried foods, agricultural chemicals, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Lagerstroemia speciosa, known as India's pride, is the focus of this study. The main objective is to evaluate the anti-cancer potential of experimental plant extracts against DEN-induced liver tumours in albino rats. Phytochemical analysis confirms the presence of various compounds in the L. speciosa acetone leaf extract (LALE), including proteins, amino acids, reducing sugars, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, tannins, and coumarins. Groups IV and V received different doses of LALE. Group III received intraperitoneal 5-fluorouracil twice weekly for 28 days after DEN induction. Group II served as the DEN-induced negative control, while the control group received saline alongside a standard diet. Results indicated morphological changes, increased liver weight, decreased hepatic enzymes, elevated levels of GGTP, GPx, GST, and LPO, and decreased levels of SOD and catalase. These findings collectively demonstrate a significant anti-cancer effect of acetone leaf extracts from Lagerstroemia speciosa.

V. Maivizhi1 and P. S. Sujatha*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 12-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1041–1049
Uzma Parveen*1, Mo Shadab2, Mumayyza Khan3, Nazish Akhtar4, Farha Aijaz5 and M. B. Siddiqui6
1-6 Allelopathic Division, Environmental Sciences, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh - 20 2002, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
Weeds compete with the crops grown by taking their necessities of growth and germination and affecting crop productivity and suppress the growth of crops by releasing allelochemicals present in them and thus, this ability of weeds could be exploited technically to suppress the growth of other weeds. Thus, reducing the use of synthetic weedicides and pressure on the ecosystem creating a green-globe. The purpose of the study was to closely examine the phytotoxic effects of various soils amended with various residue extracts of stem and leaf powder of Amaranthus viridis {(a) Residue amended soil (RAS) (b) Residue extract amended soil (RAES) and (c) Residue extract (RE)} on the morphology of the selected plants, their physicochemical features of soils amended with various extracts and to understand the dynamics of the release of allelochemicals (phenolics) and to extract them when exposed to aqueous and organic solvents.

Uzma Parveen*1, Mo Shadab2, Mumayyza Khan3, Nazish Akhtar4, Farha Aijaz5 and M. B. Siddiqui6 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 13-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1050–1054
Amal Janardhanan1 and Sudha Govindan*2
1-2 Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioscience, Periyar University, Salem - 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
This study investigates the anticoagulant and antioxidant potential of polysaccharide extracted from Pleurotus eous, obtained through alkali extraction. The antioxidant activity of polysaccharide was examined using different in vitro antioxidant assays like FRAP, DMPD radical assay, Cu (ll) reduction capacity assay and Lipid peroxidation inhibition assay. The potential anticoagulant activity of PEAP was evaluated using various assays, which targeted the intrinsic and/or common pathways (activated partial thromboplastin time), the extrinsic pathway (prothrombin time), and the common pathway (thrombin time). In vitro antioxidant studies showed that the PEAP exhibited DMPD radical scavenging activity (EC50 = 14.66 mg/mL), FRAP (EC50 = 1.374 mg/mL), Cu (ll) reduction capacity assay (EC50=1.282 mg/mL), and Lipid peroxidation inhibition assay (EC50= 1.323 mg/mL). PEAP significantly prolonged the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin tie (TT) and prothrombin time (PT) in a dose-dependent manner compared to the positive control. These finding suggested that Pleurotus eous alkaline polysaccharide (PEAP) might be an explored as a potential natural antioxidant and anticoagulant agent.

Amal Janardhanan1 and Sudha Govindan*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 13-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1055–1059
C. Initha Lebanon Ebency1, B. Angel Jenefa2 and B. Usha Rani3
1-3 Department of Microbiology, Annai Violet Arts and Science College, Ambattur, Chennai - 600 053, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Mushrooms have been valued as traditional sources of natural bioactive compounds for many centuries and targeted as promising therapeutic agents. The bioactive mycomolecules of mushrooms are reported to have antioxidant, antitumor, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity, which are the important medicinal targets in terms of drug discovery today. Phytochemical analysis is important in identifying bioactive substances for therapeutic and medicinal benefits. This study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical composition of this mushroom species with the intent of determining its possible medicinal uses. The Calocybe indica was collected from the roots of the date palm tree Phoenix sylvestris. To know about their medicinal values, therapeutic uses the phytochemicals analysis by TLC and HPTCL were done. From the methanolic extracts of mushroom the phytochemicals components identified are Tannin, Flavonoids, Glycosides, Alkaloids, Coumarin and Cardiac Glycoside.

C. Initha Lebanon Ebency1, B. Angel Jenefa2 and B. Usha Rani3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 14-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1060–1063
Kirti Khatri*1 and Neeta Lodha2
1 Department of Resource Management and Consumer Sciences, College of Community Science, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India 2 Department of Resource Management and Consumer Science, College of Community Science, Udaipur - 313 001, Rajasthan, India
Abstract
House is a place where people live and carry out different activities. Accumulation of dust is an outcome of various kinds of activities and movements in and out of the house. These dust particles contain minute organisms called “house dust mite” which are microscopic in nature and cause allergic symptoms. HDMs are found in settled dust of furniture and furnishings in indoors. These are higher in number where there is high humidity and low light intensity. The main reasons for their occurrence are improper ventilation and faulty cleaning practices. The objective of the present investigation is to study the nature of household cleaning pattern adopted by the homemakers. The study also seeks to find out the concentration of HDMs in indoors. Moreover, the study also ascertains the awareness of respondents regarding factors responsible for the growth of HDMs and their management. Higher concentration of HDMs was found in living room. HDMs proliferation depends on microclimatic factors and season such as temperature, relative humidity, air flow rate and light intensity. Significant relationship was found between microclimatic factors (temperature, relative humidity and light intensity) and HDMs during rainy period. Various HDMs related complications faced by the homemakers were asthma, skin rashes, coughing, fatigue, headache etc. Few of the respondents had severe complications related to HDMs although homemakers had awareness regarding microorganism, but they were not aware of HDMs.

Kirti Khatri*1 and Neeta Lodha2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 17-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1064–1067
J. Vidya Pravallika*1, P. V. Ramesh Babu2, U. Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy3, P. V. Geetha Sireesha4 and M. Srinivasa Reddy5
1-5 Department of Agronomy, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Agricultural College, Mahanandi - 518 502, Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of phosphorus and molybdenum as foliar spray in blackgram on sandy loam soils at Agricultural College Farm, Mahanandi campus of Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University during rabi, 2022-2023. The treatments consist of three levels of phosphorus (20, 30, 40 kg ha-1) and three levels of molybdenum (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 kg ha-1) applied as alone and by combined foliar spray. The design adopted was randomized block design with nine treatments and replicated thrice. It was observed that growth and yield attributing characters increased with the combined application of phosphorus and molybdenum at all stages of crop growth. The higher growth parameters viz, plant height, number of branches plant-1, dry matter production and number of root nodules plant-1 and yield parameters such as number of pods plant-1 and seed pod-1 and seed yield and haulm yield were recorded with the foliar application of phosphorus @ 40 kg ha-1 + molybdenum @ 1.5 kg ha-1 (T9) which was on par with foliar application of phosphorus alone @ 40 kg ha-1 (T6). Test weight and harvest index were found non-significant with different levels of phosphorus and molybdenum.

J. Vidya Pravallika*1, P. V. Ramesh Babu2, U. Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy3, P. V. Geetha Sireesha4 and M. Srinivasa Reddy5 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 19-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1068–1073
Jagtendra Singh1 and Devendra Kumar*2
1-2 Department of Chemistry, Institute of Basic Sciences, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Khandari Campus, Agra - 282 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
Twenty organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were monitored using gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD) technology in five fruits (apple, pomegranate, litchi, plum, and papaya) and five vegetables (bottle gourd, ridge gourd, pointed gourd, bitter gourd, and brinjal). The results of the study indicated that two pesticides α-BHC and δ-BHC pesticides were present in the apple sample, three pesticides δ-BHC, heptachlor epoxide, and dieldrin pesticides were present in the pomegranate sample, six pesticides δ-BHC, heptachlor epoxide, α-chlordane, endosulfan I, dieldrin, and endrin ketone were found in the litchi sample, three pesticides heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, and endrin ketone were found in plums sample, and two pesticides, δ-BHC, and heptachlor epoxide were found in papaya sample; heptachlor epoxide was found in bottle gourd and ridge gourd, and δ-BHC and heptachlor epoxide pesticides were present in pointed gourd sample, two pesticides δ-BHC and Heptachlor epoxide were found in bitter gourd, and Heptachlor epoxide was found in brinjal. Among all the pesticides obtained, the residue value of heptachlor epoxide was found to be higher. However, the residue values of all those pesticides were below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) values but their continued consumption may cause acute or long-term risk in humans. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously monitor pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables.

Jagtendra Singh1 and Devendra Kumar*2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 23-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1074–1085
Madhavi V. Purankar1-3, Ashok A. Nikam2 and Rachayya M. Devarumath*3
1 Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur - 416 004, Maharashtra, India 2 Tissue Culture Unit, Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Pune - 412 307, Maharashtra, India 3 Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Section, Pune - 412 307, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis and regeneration system has wide application in sugarcane crop improvement technology. In sugarcane tissue culture, response to the media component differs with varieties. CoM 0265 is popularly grown sugarcane variety in Maharashtra state, India. However, no protocol was published for the variety. Therefore, efficient and reproducible regeneration protocol was necessary for the selected sugarcane variety before application of biotechnological interventions. Leaf whorl disc from CoM 0265 shoot tops were used for the callus induction and further embryogenic callus induction. The callus was developed using 2 different concentrations of 2, 4-D (3 & 4 mg L-1) and using different concentration of sucrose (20, 25 and 30 g L-1). Embryogenic callus induction, shoot regeneration trough callus, direct shoot regeneration from leaf whorl disc and root induction was checked on different media. Plants were hardened in green house condition and genetic fidelity was checked using ISSR markers. Basal MS with 3 mg L-1 of 2, 4 D and 30% sucrose showed highest callus induction within 10 days. This media was used as callus maintenance medium (CM). The callus was then transferred to MS containing different casein highest embryogenic response on basal MS media containing 4 mg L-1 of 2, 4-D, 3% sucrose, 10% coconut water with other additives: Thiamine HCl-1 mg L-1, Inositol-20 mg L-1, Proline-500 mg L-1, PVP-500 mg L-1. The embryonic callus exposed to light gave maximum shooting on basal MS containing 1% casein, 30% sucrose. The roots were induced by using different concentration of MS (50%, 75% and 100%) and NAA (4 mg L-1 and 5 mg L-1). Highest root induction was observed on 50% MS containing 5 mg L-1 NAA and 40 g L-1 sucrose. The rooted plantlets were hardened using sterilized soil mixture and maintained in greenhouse before transferring to the field. The plantlets were checked for genetic stability using ISSR molecular markers. The genetic similarity was observed to be 98% within regenerated population plantlets obtained through embryogenic callus.

Madhavi V. Purankar1-3, Ashok A. Nikam2 and Rachayya M. Devarumath*3 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 28-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1086–1091
Praveen D. K.1, Neelamma R. K2, Chandan K.3, C. G. Yadava4 and Santhosha K. M.*5
1 MBA Student, Karnataka State Rural Development and Panchayat Raj University, Gadag - 582 101, Karnataka, India 2, 5 Assistant Professor of Agribusiness Management, Karnataka State Rural Development and Panchayat Raj University, Gadag - 582 101, Karnataka, India 3 Assistant Professor of Post-harvest Technology, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot - 587 104, Karnataka, India 4 Assistant Professor of Agricultural Economics, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot - 587 104, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Considering the pineapple industry needs, research over time period to overcome drawbacks such as marketing challenges, production and post production. The present study, consist of multiple research objectives, rigorously explores the intricacies of pineapple farming in Uttara Kannada district, particularly in Sirsi and Siddapur taluks. A robust sample of 173 respondents across 15 villages, aimed to holistically assess the challenges faced by pineapple farmers throughout production and post-harvest stages. Key challenges, identified across various research topics, encompass adverse weather conditions, high production costs, and intricate issues in post-harvest management, including price fluctuations and transportation constraints. Further scrutinized farming practices, revealing nuanced correlations such as the negative relationship between cultivation area and inter cropping, and Good Agriculture Practice (GAP) factors are considered during regression analysis to know contribution of labour practice, irrigation, Hormones usage, post-harvest handling. The socio-economic landscape, the findings, derived from objectives reveal 10 different challenges ranked by respondents. The valuable insights offered for policymakers, agribusiness stakeholders, and farmers has been the top challenge. It is concluded by emphasizing the need for targeted strategies and interventions to enhance the sustainability and economic viability of pineapple farming in the region.

Praveen D. K.1, Neelamma R. K2, Chandan K.3, C. G. Yadava4 and Santhosha K. M.*5 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 28-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1092–1095
B. Usha Rani*1 and B. Angel Jenefa2
1-2 Department of Microbiology, Annai Violet Arts and Science College, Ambattur, Chennai - 600 053, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
The world population is increasing at a faster rate. Shortage of food and diminishing of human health can occur due to increase in population. Consumption of edible fungi to fulfill human nutritional needs has been a common denominator in the history of mankind. Identification and cultivation of warm-weather (30~38℃) varieties of edible mushrooms has been scientifically challenging. Milky white is one of such mushroom varieties, where complete commercial production techniques have been standardized. This type of mushroom have more medicinal values and uses and easy to cultivate. Macroscopic and microscopic evaluation is the preliminary step used for identification of this wild mushroom species. The genomic DNA of wild mushroom associated with roots of roots of Date palm tree was isolated its quality was assessed spectrophotometrically. The sequence was obtained using ITS as the marker, the sequence was converted to barcode and the sequences were submitted to GenBank. Based on the ITS region sequences submitted to GenBank for sequence. Alignment shows 98.90% similarity to Calocybe indica DMRO303 strain.

B. Usha Rani*1 and B. Angel Jenefa2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 28-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1096–1100
Aditya Kumar*1, Rama Sharma2, Vikas Chandra3 and Amit Bagri4
1-2,4 Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture Science and Technology, AKS University, Satna - 485 001, Madhya Pradesh, India 3 Department of Horticulture (Fruit and Fruit Technology), Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
Abstract
A large number of pests are available in the nature; however, most of them are most destructive and badly damage the fruit production. Besides most of them cause yield loss and yet some of them transmit virus diseases. Brown citrus aphid transmits citrus tristiza virus in citrus fruits. Historically it is learnt that broad spectrum pesticides have been used to prevent the yield loss and transmission of bacteria and virus to in the world. However, referred pesticides could cause a several complications in human being. These problems include environmental, human health and also create negative effects on soil health. At the same time, pesticides tend to create negative effect such as food safety. Due to these reasons an alternative management method such as biological, Biotechnical and sterile insect techniques are used in all fruit growing regions of the would.

Aditya Kumar*1, Rama Sharma2, Vikas Chandra3 and Amit Bagri4 Click here to download file

Research Review | Published online : 30-Aug-2024

Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences
Vol : 15 - Issue : 4 ; 1101–1104
Sreerekha M. V*1 and Jaliya M. K2
1 Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ambalavayal, Wayanad - 673 593, Kerala, India 2 Department of Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Thrissur, Kerala, India
Abstract
This study evaluated the growth and yield traits of Trichosanthes cucumerina seedlings and clonal progenies in two different environmental settings viz, open and shaded. The results of the study demonstrated that different growth and yield metrics of both seedlings and clonal progenies were significantly impacted by shade and open situations. Significant differences were seen in a few growth indicators and yield variables between seedlings and clonal progenies. A comparison of clonal progenies and seedlings revealed that the clonal progenies had longer main vines, while the seedlings produced more fruits per plant, especially when grown in shade. However, in both shade and open conditions, no significance difference was found in fruit yield per plant, total fresh yield, or total dry yield between seedlings and clonal progenies. The study emphasizes that while plants grown in shade showed a larger number of fruits and fruit yield per plant, whereas plants grown in open conditions had a greater vegetative biomass. When considering total fresh plant yield inclusive of fruits, it was observed similar performance was in both open and shaded conditions. The study shows that tissue culture plants function better than seedlings in both open and shaded environments.

Sreerekha M. V*1 and Jaliya M. K2 Click here to download file

Research Article | Published online : 30-Aug-2024